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lì also known as guglielmo degli organi his activity in forlì is documented at the beginning of the 15th century but the traditional identification of him as the founder of the local school is uncertain modern scholarship notes that no securely attributed works by guglielmo are known and regards his supposed role as founder as a later historiographical construction 5 ansuino da forlì is also relevant to the early history of the local tradition although his documented career is more closely connected with padua and the paduan school his surviving work and associations place him within the artistic milieu of northern italy shaped by filippo lippi and andrea mantegna while his possible role in melozzo s early formation remains a matter of scholarly debate 6 melozzo da forlì and marco palmezzano edit melozzo da forlì c 1438 1494 was the most prominent forlivese painter of the 15th century his career took him to urbino and rome where he developed a highly illusionistic approach to perspective and foreshortening his roman frescoes including the decoration of the vatican library and the basilica of santi apostoli became important examples of renaissance spatial illusionism 7 marco palmezzano c 1459 1539 trained in melozzo s circle and became the leading painter associated with forlì during the late 15th and early 16th centuries his early work adopted melozzo s monumental figures and perspectival constructions while later paintings incorporated elements derived from giovanni bellini cima da conegliano and other venetian painters palmezzano subsequently became a major figure in the artistic culture of romagna 8 9 among palmezzano s works in forlì is the pala ostoli painted in 1496 1497 for a chapel of the church of santa maria del carmine the altarpiece depicting saint anthony abbot enthroned between saints john the baptist and sebastian exemplifies the combination of perspectival architecture monumental figures and landscape that became characteristic of the artist s mature style 10 sixteenth century continuation edit the tradition continued in the 16th century through painters who adapted the earlier forlivese language to new artistic developments baldassare carrari active in forlì and ravenna from the late 15th century until 1516 combined local influences associated with palmezzano and niccolò rondinelli with elements of the wider romagnol and northern italian traditions 11 francesco menzocchi 1502 1574 was born in forlì and became an important figure in the later development of local painting he initially copied works by rondinelli and palmezzano and later trained with girolamo genga whose influence contributed to his transition toward the forms of mannerism 12 13 livio agresti 1508 1580 a pupil of menzocchi carried the forlivese tradition into the mannerist period although much of his mature career was spent in rome he maintained connections with forlì and produced works for the city s churches and civic collections 14 15 livio modigliani c 1535 c 1606 a pupil of pier paolo menzocchi represents a later continuation of the local tradition into the late 16th and early 17th centuries his works combine mannerist influences with the requirements of counter reformation art and remained closely connected with churches in forlì and the surrounding romagna 16 characteristics and influences edit forlivese painting is particularly associated with the construction of convincing pictorial space melozzo developed a forceful use of perspective and foreshortening while palmezzano applied these principles to altarpieces that combine architectural settings monumental figures and carefully organized landscapes 17 18 the school was not stylistically isolated palmezzano s mature work incorporated elements from contemporary venetian painting especially that of bellini and cima da conegliano while other forlivese painters absorbed influences from ferrara urbino and central italy these exchanges were especially visible in the transition from the late quattrocento to the 16th century 19 20 principal artists edit guglielmo da forlì guglielmo degli organi an early figure traditionally regarded as a founder of the local school although his role and surviving oeuvre are uncertain 21 ansuino da forlì a 15th century painter associated primarily with padua but relevant to the early forlivese milieu and the presumed formation of melozzo 22 melozzo da forlì c 1438 1494 the central figure of the 15th century forlivese tradition 23 marco palmezzano c 1459 1539 melozzo s principal follower and the leading forlivese painter around the turn of the 16th century 24 baldassare carrari c 1460 1516 active in forlì and ravenna and influenced by palmezzano and niccolò rondinelli 25 francesco menzocchi 1502 1574 a leading 16th century painter whose work developed from local models toward mannerism 26 livio agresti 1508 1580 a pupil of menzocchi who continued the tradition in a strongly mannerist direction 27 livio modigliani c 1535 c 1606 a later forlivese painter whose career extended into the early 17th century 28 see also edit italian renaissance painting renaissance in emilia venetian renaissance renaissance in ferrara mannerism forlì references edit ragozzino marta guglielmo da forlì treccani in italian istituto dell enciclopedia italiana i maestri del rinascimento in romagna visit romagna in italian emma zocca melozzo degli ambrosi detto melozzo da forlì treccani in italian istituto dell enciclopedia italiana davide righini palmezzano marco treccani in italian istituto dell enciclopedia italiana ragozzino marta guglielmo da forlì treccani in italian istituto dell enciclopedia italiana renata cipriani ansuino da forlì treccani in italian istituto dell enciclopedia italiana emma zocca melozzo degli ambrosi detto melozzo da forlì treccani in italian istituto dell enciclopedia italiana davide righini palmezzano marco treccani in italian istituto dell enciclopedia italiana annunciazione museo poldi pezzoli glorificazione di sant antonio abate in trono fra san giovanni battista e san sebastiano pala ostoli pater patrimonio culturale dell emilia romagna in italian regione emilia romagna ennio golfieri carrari baldassarre treccani in italian istituto dell enciclopedia italiana valerio da gai menzocchi francesco treccani in italian istituto dell enciclopedia italiana francesco menzocchi forlì 1502 1574 rijksmuseum isa belli barsali agresti livio detto il ricciutello treccani in italian istituto dell enciclopedia italiana the last supper the metropolitan museum of art federico de martino modigliani livio treccani in italian istituto dell enciclopedia italiana emma zocca melozzo degli ambrosi detto melozzo da forlì treccani in italian istituto dell enciclopedia italiana marco palmezzano and romagna visit romagna i maestri del rinascimento in romagna visit romagna in italian marco palmezzano fondazione cassa dei risparmi di forlì in italian ragozzino marta guglielmo da forlì treccani in italian istituto dell enciclopedia italiana renata cipriani ansuino da forlì treccani in italian istituto dell enciclopedia italiana emma zocca melozzo degli ambrosi detto melozzo da forlì treccani in italian istituto dell enciclopedia italiana davide righini palmezzano marco treccani in italian istituto dell enciclopedia italiana ennio golfieri carrari baldassarre treccani in italian istituto dell enciclopedia italiana valerio da gai menzocchi francesco treccani in italian istituto dell enciclopedia italiana isa belli barsali agresti livio detto il ricciutello treccani in italian istituto dell enciclopedia italiana federico de martino modigliani livio treccani in italian istituto dell enciclopedia italiana further reading edit lanzi luigi storia pittorica della italia dal risorgimento delle belle arti fin presso al fine del xviii secolo florence piatti 1834 cavalcaselle giovanni battista crowe joseph archer a new history of painting in italy from the ii to the xvi century london john murray 1864 1871 gnudi cesare becherucci luisa eds mostra di melozzo e del quattrocento romagnolo forlì 1938 reprinted 1994 colombi ferretti anna prati luciana eds francesco menzocchi forlì 1502 1574 ferrara edisai 2003 tumidei donatella et al marco palmezzano il rinascimento nelle romagne cinisello balsamo silvana editoriale 2005 art of italy periods nuragic etruscan ancient roman italo byzantine gothic architecture renaissance painting and sculpture mannerism baroque and rococo neoclassical and 19th century modern and contemporary centennial divisions duecento trecento quattrocento cinquecento seicento settecento important art museums uffizi pinacoteca di brera vatican museums villa borghese sabauda gallery gallerie dell accademia pitti palace accademia di belle arti firenze bargello important art festivals venice biennale rome quadriennale major works the tribute money masaccio the birth of venus primavera mona lisa the last supper annunciation leonardo sistine chapel ceiling sistine madonna pietà the last judgment the creation of adam david michelangelo the school of athens the battle of san romano venus of urbino david donatello the calling of st matthew unique forms of continuity in space italian artists painters sculptors architects photographers illustrators italian art schools bolognese school ferrarese school forlivese school florentine school lucchese and pisan school sienese school venetian school art movements italo byzantine renaissance pittura infamante mannerism baroque macchiaioli futurism novecento italiano metaphysical art scuola romana aeropittura arte povera transavantgarde other topics italian architecture sculpture of italy timeline of italian artists to 1800 raphael rooms v t e v t e art movements in western culture periods in western art history premodern ancient thracian dacian nuragic aegean cycladic minoan minyan ware mycenaean greek sub mycenaean protogeometric geometric orientalizing archaic black figure red figure severe style classical kerch style hellenistic baroque indo greek greco buddhist neo attic etruscan scythian iberian gaulish roman republican gallo roman julio claudian pompeian styles trajanic severan medieval late antique early christian coptic ethiopian migration period anglo saxon hunnic insular lombard visigothic donor portrait pictish mozarabic repoblación viking byzantine iconoclast macedonian palaeologan italo byzantine frankish merovingian carolingian pre romanesque ottonian romanesque mosan spanish norman norman sicilian opus anglicanum gothic gothic art in milan international gothic international gothic art in italy lucchese school crusades moscow school novgorod school vladimir suzdal school duecento sienese school mudéjar medieval cartography italian school majorcan school mappa mundi renaissance italian renaissance trecento proto renaissance florentine school pittura infamante quattrocento ferrarese school forlivese school venetian school cinquecento high renaissance bolognese school mannerism counter maniera northern renaissance early netherlandish world landscape ghent bruges school northern mannerism german renaissance cologne school danube school dutch and flemish renaissance antwerp mannerism romanism still life english renaissance tudor court cretan school turquerie fontainebleau school art of the late 16th century in milan 17th century baroque baroque in milan flemish baroque caravaggisti in utrecht tenebrism louis xiii style lutheran baroque stroganov school animal painting guild of romanists dutch golden age delft school capriccio heptanese school classicism louis xiv style poussinists and rubenists 18th century rococo rocaille louis xv style frederician chinoiserie fête galante neoclassicism goût grec louis xvi style adam style directoire style neoclassical architecture in milan picturesque colonial art art of the african diaspora african american caribbean haitian colonial asian art arts in the philippines letras y figuras tipos del país colonial asian baroque company style latin american art casta painting indochristian art chilote school cuzco school quito school latin american baroque western influenced al andalusian manichaean mughal qajar qing handicrafts in japan akita ranga uki e transition to modern c 1770 1862 romanticism fairy painting danish golden age troubadour style nazarene movement purismo shoreham ancients düsseldorf school pre raphaelites american hudson river school american luminism orientalism norwich school empire style historicism revivalism biedermeier realism barbizon school costumbrismo verismo macchiaioli academic art munich school in greece neo grec etching revival modern 1863 1944 1863 1899 neo romanticism national romanticism yōga nihonga japonisme anglo japanese style beuron school hague school peredvizhniki impressionism american hoosier group boston school amsterdam canadian heidelberg school aestheticism arts and crafts art pottery tonalism decadent movement symbolism romanian russian volcano school incoherents post impressionism neo impressionism luminism divisionism pointillism pont aven school cloisonnism synthetism les nabis american barbizon school california tonalism wilhelminism costumbrismo 1900 1914 art nouveau art nouveau in milan primitivism california impressionism secessionism school of paris munich secession vienna secession berlin secession sonderbund pennsylvania impressionism mir iskusstva ten american painters fauvism expressionism die brücke der blaue reiter noucentisme deutscher werkbund american realism ashcan school cubism proto cubism orphism section d or a nyolcak neue künstlervereinigung münchen futurism cubo futurism art deco art deco in new york city metaphysical rayonism productivism synchromism vorticism 1915 1944 sosaku hanga suprematism school of paris crystal cubism constructivism latin american universal constructivism dada shin hanga neoplasticism de stijl purism return to order novecento italiano figurative constructivism stupid cologne progressives arbeitsrat für kunst november group australian tonalism dresden secession social realism functionalism bauhaus kinetic art anthropophagy mingei group of seven new objectivity grosvenor school neues sehen surrealism iranian latin american mexican muralism neo fauvism precisionism aeropittura asso scuola romana cercle et carré the group harlem renaissance kapists regionalism california scene painting heroic realism socialist realism streamline moderne concrete art abstraction création tiki the ten dimensionism boston expressionism leningrad school contemporary and postmodern 1945 present 1945 1959 international typographic style abstract expressionism washington color school visionary art vienna school of fantastic realism spatialism color field lyrical abstraction tachisme arte informale cobra nuagisme generación de la ruptura jikken kōbō metcalf chateau mono ha nanyang style action painting american figurative expressionism in new york new media art new york school hard edge painting bay area figurative movement les plasticien...