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foul ball wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 overview 2 history toggle history subsection 2 1 origin 2 2 modern history 3 strategies 4 see also 5 references toggle the table of contents foul ball 9 languages čeština español français bahasa indonesia italiano 日本語 한국어 simple english 中文 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia in baseball generally a struck ball that ends up in foul territory this article needs more citations please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources unsourced material may be challenged and removed find sources foul ball news newspapers books scholar jstor january 2008 learn how and when to remove this message nook logan of the erie seawolves hitting a foul ball during a game against the reading phillies on july 2 2006 in baseball a foul ball is a batted ball that 1 2 settles on foul territory between home and first base or between home and third base or bounces and then goes past first or third base on or over foul territory or has its first bounce occur in foul territory beyond first or third base or touches an umpire or player or any object foreign to the natural ground while on or over foul territory by interpretation a batted ball that touches a batter while in his batter s box is foul regardless of whether it is over foul territory the entirety of the batted ball must be on or over foul territory in order to be adjudged foul in the above situations otherwise it is a fair ball that forces the batter to attempt to reach first base a foul fly shall be judged according to the relative position of the ball and the foul line including the foul pole and not as to whether the fielder is on foul or fair territory at the time he touches the ball if the foul ball gets caught then it would be judged as an out additionally ballpark ground rules may specify that batted balls striking certain fixed objects such as railings nets or a roof if present are foul balls overview edit the batter and catcher are the only players that are generally stationed in foul territory with the home plate umpire nearby to call balls and strikes foul territory or foul ground is defined as that part of the playing field outside the first and third base lines extended to the fence and perpendicularly upwards 2 note the foul lines and foul poles are not part of foul territory in general when a batted ball is ruled a foul ball the ball is dead all runners must return to their time of pitch base without liability to be put out and the batter returns to home plate to continue his turn at bat a strike is issued for the batter if he had fewer than two strikes if the batter already has two strikes against him when he hits a foul ball a strike is not issued unless the ball was bunted to become a foul ball in which case a third strike is issued and a strikeout recorded for the batter and pitcher a strike is however recorded for the pitcher for every foul ball the batter hits regardless of the count if any member of the fielding team catches a foul ball before it touches the ground or lands outside the field perimeter the batter is out however the caught ball is in play and base runners may attempt to advance a foul ball is different from a foul tip in which the ball makes contact with the bat travels directly to the catcher s hands and is caught in this case the ball remains live and a strike is added to the batter s count a batter who hits a foul tip with two strikes on the count is out to aid umpires in determining whether balls hit over the fence are fair or foul a tall foul pole is often erected at each corner of the outfield a batted ball which hits the foul pole above the fence is never a foul ball no matter where it is ultimately deflected off the pole in this case a home run is automatically awarded to the batter in kickball foul ball does not make a strike but three foul balls make an out history edit origin edit the concept of foul territory was not always present in historical versions of baseball john thorn the official baseball historian for major league baseball speculates that the concept may have originated from single wicket cricket with its rule of halving the area that the ball could be hit in when there were less than five fielders the 1845 knickerbocker rules which laid the foundation for modern baseball also included the concept of foul territory due to a need to adapt the game when there not enough players 3 according to thorn even home runs were potentially considered foul in this set of rules since losing the club s only ball in the nearby hudson river would prematurely end the game 4 originally any ball that landed in fair territory was called fair even if it went foul before leaving the infield these fair fouls led to first and third basemen being forced to play closer to the foul lines leading to calls for ten person baseball teams fair fouls were amended out of the game before the 20th century 5 modern history edit until the 1920s major league baseball spectators were often ejected if they attempted to keep foul balls and teams employed security guards to ensure it factors such as negative public sentiment a decrease in the cost of baseballs relative to team revenues and increased pressure to discontinue use of worn damaged and or discolored baseballs especially after the death of ray chapman combined to persuade several teams to change their foul ball policies during this period the new york giants changed theirs after losing a new york supreme court case reuben berman vs national exhibition co filed by reuben berman berman a businessman was ejected in 1921 after tossing a foul ball he caught into the stands 6 7 strategies edit umpire bill miller gives the hand signal for a foul ball depending on the exact situation a foul ball may be considered beneficial to the offense or the defense when there are zero or one strikes a foul ball counts as a strike benefiting the pitcher however a foul ball may reveal to the batter that he has timed a pitch well and need only make adjustment to the location of his swing on the next such pitch this is often called a good cut or simply a good swing foul balls with two strikes are generally considered positive for the batter since he thus avoids strike three on a potentially difficult pitch also foul balls with two strikes increase the pitcher s pitch count adding to their fatigue thus providing some small advantage to the offense a strategy of swinging on any ball to try to produce additional fouls and prolong an at bat is often used against strong pitchers to try to drive them from the game sooner and also the possibility of the pitcher throwing a pitch a hitter can get a hit on this does however have the disadvantage of generating more strikeouts citation needed in very specific circumstance such as in the bottom of the ninth inning or later of a tie game when a runner is on third base with less than two outs outfielders may intentionally not catch deep fly balls in foul territory as catching such a ball would create a sacrifice fly potentially allowing the winning run to score 8 see also edit baseball portal baseball rule legal doctrine from 1913 court case that generally prevents spectators from holding teams liable for injuries from foul balls references edit rule 2 00 definition of terms pdf major league baseball retrieved 2009 06 13 1 2 official baseball rules pdf 2018 ed major league baseball retrieved 2018 09 25 thorn john 2012 03 20 baseball in the garden of eden the secret history of the early game simon and schuster isbn 978 0 7432 9404 1 thorn john 2012 03 20 baseball in the garden of eden the secret history of the early game simon and schuster isbn 978 0 7432 9404 1 morris peter 2006 a game of inches the stories behind the innovations that shaped baseball the game on the field rowman littlefield isbn 978 1 56663 677 3 reuben rules gives souvenir seeking fans a reason to attend orlando sentinel september 9 1986 reading baseball remembering reuben berman wsiu 2021 06 04 retrieved 2022 01 14 holliday lets foul ball drop to prevent run mlb 29 april 2014 retrieved december 16 2021 via youtube v t e baseball and softball concepts outline glossary baseball rules cheating comparison of baseball and softball fastpitch softball 16 inch softball ejections ground rules infield fly rule in flight interference pitch clock protested game strike zone suspended game unwritten rules ballpark field backstop baseball diamond batter s box batter s eye bullpen dugout foul pole foul territory infield on deck circle outfield warning track equipment ball baseball rubbing mud bat batting cage batting glove batting helmet cap doughnut glove defense pitching machine protective cup shin guard stirrups uniform uniform number game process batting order challenges ball strike check swing innings extra innings out positions run pace of play batting at bat baltimore chop bat flip batted ball batting count batting out of order bunt sacrifice bunt squeeze play charging the mound checked swing cleanup hitter contact hitter designated hitter double double switch foul ball foul tip golden sombrero ground rule double hat trick hit hit and run hit by pitch hitting for the cycle home run grand slam inside the park walk off moonshot chinese infield hit leadoff hitter lefty righty switch line drive mendoza line on deck pinch hitter plate appearance platoon system power hitter pull hitter sacrifice fly single strikeout strike zone sweet spot switch hitter triple walk pitching softball balk beanball breaking ball brushback pitch changeup vulcan changeup curveball eephus emery ball fastball two seam four seam cutter sinker split finger full count immaculate inning inside pitching intentional balk intentional walk knuckleball maddux no hitter perfect game pickoff pitch count pitching by position players pitching position pitchout quick pitch screwball shutout slider spitball strikeout strike zone striking out the side switch pitcher time of pitch wild pitch base running automatic runner balk bases loaded caught stealing hit and run lead off left on base obstruction pinch runner rundown safe scoring position slide small ball squeeze play stolen base tag up tie goes to the runner fielding positioning appeal play assist blocking the plate catch caught stealing covering a base defensive indifference double play error fielder s choice fifth infielder force play fourth out hidden ball trick in between hop infield fly rule infield shift interference neighborhood play passed ball pickoff putout rundown tag out triple play unassisted uncaught third strike wall climb wheel play related baseball card baseball statistics bench jockey bench clearing brawl dead ball doubleheader jargon injured list list of baseball films night game old timers day pepper scorekeeping series seventh inning stretch shagging sign stealing slump streak losing winning variations of baseball vintage base ball category portal wikiproject retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title foul_ball oldid 1363029586 category baseball rules hidden categories articles with short description short description matches wikidata articles needing additional references from january 2008 all articles needing additional references all articles with unsourced statements articles with unsourced statements from november 2017 this page was last edited on 7 july 2026 at 17 09 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search toggle the table of contents foul ball 9 languages add topic