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astern orthodox wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 background 2 council of 879 880 3 confirmation and further reception 4 see also 5 references 6 bibliography 7 further reading toggle the table of contents fourth council of constantinople eastern orthodox 25 languages العربية asturianu български čeština deutsch ελληνικά español suomi français hrvatski magyar bahasa indonesia italiano ქართული македонски polski português русский srpskohrvatski српскохрватски slovenščina српски srpski tagalog türkçe українська tiếng việt edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia synod accepted by the eastern orthodox church for the catholic 8th ecumenical council see fourth council of constantinople catholic church fourth council of constantinople date 879 880 accepted by eastern orthodoxy previous council second council of nicaea next council fifth council of constantinople convoked by emperor basil i attendance 383 bishops topics photius patriarchate documents and statements restoration of photius protection of nicene creed chronological list of ecumenical councils part of a series on the eastern orthodox church mosaic of christ pantocrator hagia sophia overview structure theology history of theology liturgy church history holy mysteries view of salvation view of mary view of icons background crucifixion resurrection ascension of jesus christianity christian church apostolic succession four marks of the church orthodoxy organization autonomy autocephaly patriarchate ecumenical patriarch episcopal polity canon law clergy bishops priests deacons monasticism degrees bratstvo autocephalous jurisdictions autocephalous churches who are officially part of the communion constantinople alexandria antioch jerusalem russia serbia romania bulgaria georgia cyprus greece poland albania czech lands and slovakia autocephaly recognized by some autocephalous churches de jure america north macedonia autocephaly and canonicity recognized by constantinople and 3 other autocephalous churches ukraine ocu spiritual independence recognized by georgian orthodox church ukraine uoc autonomous jurisdictions sinai jp finland ep estonia ep japan mp china mp americas rp bessarabia rp moldova mp semi autonomous crete ep estonia mp rocor mp episcopal assemblies australia new zealand and oceania austria belgium holland and luxembourg canada france germany great britain and ireland italy and malta latin america scandinavia spain and portugal switzerland and liechtenstein united states of america noncanonical jurisdictions old believers spiritual christianity true orthodoxy catacomb church old calendarists american orthodox catholic church american world patriarchs national churches abkhazia belarus latvia montenegro turkey uoc kp evangelical orthodox phyletism ecumenical councils first seven ecumenical councils nicaea i constantinople i ephesus chalcedon constantinople ii constantinople iii nicaea ii other possible ecumenical councils constantinople iv constantinople v other important councils quinisext council jassy moscow jerusalem constantinople 1872 history church fathers pentarchy byzantine empire christianization of georgia christianization of bulgaria christianization of kievan rus great schism russia ottoman empire north america moscow constantinople schism 15th 16th c 1996 2018 theology history of eastern orthodox theology 20th century neo palamism apophaticism chrismation contemplative prayer essence vs energies hesychasm holy trinity hypostatic union icons metousiosis mystical theology nicene creed nepsis oikonomia vs akribeia ousia palamism philokalia phronema sin theosis theotokos differences from the catholic church opposition to the filioque opposition to papal supremacy liturgy and worship divine liturgy divine services akathist apolytikion artos ectenia euchologion holy water iconostasis jesus prayer aprakos kontakion liturgical entrances liturgical fans lity memorial service memory eternal omophorion eastern orthodox bowing eastern orthodox marriage praxis paraklesis paschal greeting paschal homily paschal troparion prayer rope prosphora russian bell ringing semantron sign of the cross sticheron troparion vestments use of incense liturgical calendar paschal cycle 12 great feasts other feasts feast of orthodoxy intercession of the theotokos the four fasting periods nativity fast great lent apostles fast dormition fast major figures saints russian until 15th century russian post 15th century serbian american justin martyr athanasius of alexandria ephraim the syrian basil of caesarea cyril of jerusalem gregory of nazianzus gregory of nyssa john chrysostom cyril of alexandria john climacus maximus the confessor john of damascus theodore the studite kassia cyril and methodius photius i of constantinople vladimir the great sava i of serbia gregory palamas innocent of alaska other topics architecture folk encyclical of the eastern patriarchs cross saint titles statistics by country v t e the fourth council of constantinople was held in 879 880 it confirmed the reinstatement of photius i as patriarch of constantinople the result of this council is accepted by the eastern orthodox as having the authority of an ecumenical council 1 in eastern orthodoxy it is sometimes called the eighth ecumenical council 2 background edit the council settled the dispute that had broken out after the deposition of ignatius as patriarch of constantinople in 858 ignatius himself appointed to his office in an uncanonical manner opposed caesar bardas who had deposed the regent theodora in response bardas nephew the youthful emperor michael iii engineered ignatius s deposition and confinement on the charge of treason the patriarchal throne was filled with photius a renowned scholar and kinsman of bardas the deposition of ignatius without a formal ecclesiastical trial and the sudden promotion of photius caused scandal in the church pope nicholas i and the western bishops took up the cause of ignatius and condemned photius election as uncanonical in 863 at a synod in rome the pope deposed photius and reappointed ignatius as the rightful patriarch however photius enjoined the support of the emperor and responded by calling a council and excommunicating the pope this state of affairs changed when photius s patrons bardas and emperor michael iii were murdered in 866 and 867 respectively by basil the macedonian who now usurped the throne photius was deposed as patriarch not so much because he was a protégé of bardas and michael but because basil was seeking an alliance with the pope and the western emperor photius was removed from his office and banished about the end of september 867 and ignatius was reinstated on 23 november photius was condemned by a council held at constantinople from 5 october 869 to 28 february 870 photius was deposed and barred from the patriarchal office while ignatius was reinstated council of 879 880 edit after the death of ignatius in 877 the emperor made photius again patriarch of constantinople 3 a council was convened in 879 held at constantinople comprising the representatives of all the five patriarchates including that of rome all in all 383 bishops anthony edward siecienski writes in 879 the emperor called for another council to meet in constantinople in the hopes that the new pope john viii 872 882 would recognize the validity of photius s claim upon the patriarchate this council sometimes called the eighth ecumenical in the east was attended by the papal legates who had brought with them a gift from the pope a pallium for photius and by over 400 bishops and who immediately confirmed photius as rightful patriarch 2 the council also implicitly condemned the addition of the filioque to the nicene constantinopolitan creed the creed without the filioque was read out and a condemnation pronounced against those who impose on it their own invented phrases ἰδίας εὑρεσιολογίαις and put this forth as a common lesson to the faithful or to those who return from some kind of heresy and display the audacity to falsify completely κατακιβδηλεῦσαι άποθρασυνθείη the antiquity of this sacred and venerable horos rule with illegitimate words or additions or subtractions 4 eastern orthodox christians argue that thereby the council condemned not only the addition of the filioque clause to the creed but also denounced the clause as heretical a view strongly espoused by photius in his polemics against rome while roman catholics separate the two and insist on the theological orthodoxy of the clause according to non catholic philip schaff to the greek acts was afterwards added a pretended letter of pope john viii to photius declaring the filioque to be an addition which is rejected by the church of rome and a blasphemy which must be abolished calmly and by degrees 5 confirmation and further reception edit the formal consultations were completed and final statements drawn up and signed by those present during the fifth session which took place on 26 january 880 6 the council was held in the presence of papal legates who approved of the proceedings 7 emperor basil i signed the decrees in a sixth session in the imperial palace on 3 march 880 followed by an imperial acclamation and a speech of thanks by the metropolitan of ancyra 8 roman catholic historian francis dvornik argues that the pope accepted the acts of the council and annulled those of the council of 869 870 other catholic historians such as warren carroll dispute this view arguing that the pope rejected the council siecienski says that the pope gave only a qualified assent to the acts of the council 4 philip schaff opines that the pope deceived by his legates about the actual proceedings first applauded the emperor but later denounced the council 5 in any case the pope had already accepted the reinstatement of photius as patriarch 2 on 8 march 870 three days after the end of the council the papal and eastern delegates met with the bulgarian ambassadors led by the kavhan peter to decide the status of the bulgarian orthodox church since the bulgarians were not satisfied with the positions of the pope after prolonged negotiations they reached favorable agreement with the byzantines and the decision was taken that the bulgarian church should become eastern christian 9 the photian schism 863 867 that led to the councils of 869 and 879 represents a break between east and west while the previous seven ecumenical councils are recognized as ecumenical and authoritative by both east and west many eastern orthodox christians recognize the council of 879 as the eighth ecumenical council arguing that it annulled the earlier one 2 this council is referred to as ecumenical in the encyclical of the eastern patriarchs of 1848 10 the catholic church however recognizes the council of 869 as the eighth ecumenical council and does not place the council of 879 among its ecumenical councils 11 see also edit fifth council of constantinople references edit dragas george dion 1999 the eighth ecumenical council constantinople iv 879 880 and the condemnation of the filioque addition and doctrine the greek orthodox theological review 44 1 4 357 369 archived from the original on 2 march 2018 1 2 3 4 siecienski 2010 p 103 photius cross f l ed the oxford dictionary of the christian church new york oxford university press 2005 quote it was only after ignatius death 877 that photius by order of the emperor once more became patriarch 1 2 siecienski 2010 p 104 1 2 philip schaff conflict of the eastern and western churches van bochove 2023 p 20 nichols aidan 1992 rome and the eastern churches edinburgh scotland liturgical press van bochove 2023 pp 22 26 zlatarski history of the bulgarian state during the middle ages vol 1 ch 2 sofia 1971 p 159 encyclical of the eastern patriarchs 1848 orthodox christian information center archived from the original on 2005 11 09 retrieved 2020 05 01 the 21 ecumenical councils catholic answers retrieved 2023 01 12 bibliography edit dvornik francis 1948 the photian schism history and legend cambridge uk cambridge university press ostrogorsky george 1956 history of the byzantine state oxford basil blackwell siecienski anthony edward 2010 the filioque history of a doctrinal controversy oxford university press isbn 9780195372045 nichols aidan rome and the eastern churches liturgical press van bochove thomas ernst 24 july 2023 to date and not to date on the date and status of byzantine law books brill isbn 978 90 04 67565 0 retrieved 1 march 2026 further reading edit philip schaff s church history conflict of the eastern and western churches catholic encyclopedia fourth council of constantinople on the council of 869 dragas george dion the eighth ecumenical council constantinople iv 879 880 and the condemnation of the filioque addition and doctrine the greek orthodox theological review 44 1 4 357 369 archived from the original on 17 august 2005 an eastern orthodox perspective on the council of 879 t r valentine the eighth and ninth ecumenical councils an eastern orthodox perspective on the council of 879 the first second council from the rudder v t e ecumenical councils first three ecumenical councils nicaea i 325 constantinople i 381 ephesus 431 recognized by the catholic church first three ecumenical councils chalcedon 451 constantinople ii 553 constantinople iii 680 681 nicaea ii 787 constantinople iv 869 870 lateran i 1123 lateran ii 1139 lateran iii 1179 lateran iv 1215 lyon i 1245 lyon ii 1274 vienne 1311 1312 constance 1414 1418 basel florence basel lausanne 1431 1449 a ferrara florence 1438 1445 lateran v 1512 1517 trent 1545 1563 vatican i 1869 1870 vatican ii 1962 1965 recognized by the eastern orthodox church first three ecumenical councils chalcedon 451 constantinople ii 553 constantinople iii 680 681 quinisext council 692 nicaea ii 787 constantinople iv 879 880 constantinople v 1341 1351 synod of jassy 1642 synod of jerusalem 1672 council of constantinople 1872 recognized by the oriental orthodox church first three ecumenical councils ephesus ii 449 citation needed ephesus iii 475 citation needed recognized by the church of the east nicaea i 325 constantinople i 381 seleucia ctesiphon 410 citation needed synod of beth lapat 484 citation needed see also ancient church councils pre ecumenical 50 155 314 great church 180 45...