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rinciple compromises edit eric raymond criticises the speed at which the free software movement is progressing suggesting that temporary compromises should be made for long term gains raymond argues that this could raise awareness of the software and thus increase the free software movement s influence on relevant standards and legislation 39 richard stallman on the other hand sees the current level of compromise as a greater cause for worry 28 5 40 programmer income edit main article business models for open source software stallman said that this is where people get the misconception of free there is no wrong in programmers requesting payment for a proposed project or charging for copies of free software 41 restricting and controlling the user s decisions on use is the actual violation of freedom stallman defends that in some cases monetary incentive is not necessary for motivation since the pleasure in expressing creativity is a reward in itself 6 conversely stallman admits that it is not easy to raise money for free software projects 42 viral copyleft licensing edit the free software movement champions copyleft licensing schema often pejoratively called viral licenses in its strongest form copyleft mandates that any works derived from copyleft licensed software must also carry a copyleft license so the license spreads from work to work like a computer virus might spread from machine to machine stallman has previously stated his opposition to describing the gnu gpl as viral these licensing terms can only be enforced through asserting copyrights 43 critics of copyleft licensing challenge the idea that restricting modifications is in line with the free software movement s emphasis on various freedoms especially when alternatives like mit bsd and apache licenses are more permissive 44 45 proponents enjoy the assurance that copylefted work cannot usually be incorporated into non free software projects 46 they emphasize that copyleft licenses may not attach for all uses and that in any case developers can simply choose not to use copyleft licensed software 47 48 license proliferation and compatibility edit main article comparison of free and open source software licenses floss license proliferation is a serious concern in the floss domain due to increased complexity of license compatibility considerations which limits and complicates source code reuse between floss projects 49 the osi and the fsf maintain their own lists of dozens of existing and acceptable floss licenses 50 there is an agreement among most that the creation of new licenses should be minimized and those created should be made compatible with the major existing floss licenses therefore there was a strong controversy around the update of the gnu gplv2 to the gnu gplv3 in 2007 51 52 as the updated license is not compatible with the previous version 53 54 55 several projects mostly of the open source faction 52 like the linux kernel 56 57 decided to not adopt the gplv3 while almost all of the gnu project s packages adopted it see also edit free and open source software portal gnu manifesto history of free software linux adoption open source movement free culture movement free software foundation open source initiative software freedom conservancy free software movement of india free software foundation of india free software foundation europe free software movement karnataka free software foundation tamil nadu swecha gift economy references edit what is free software gnu org archived from the original on 2013 10 14 retrieved 2020 03 18 richard stallman on the nature of the free software movement archived 2017 05 13 at the wayback machine in 2008 on emacs devel mailing list corrado edward m moualison sandy heather mitchell erik t 2018 07 03 nullis in verba the free software movement as a model for openness and transparency technical services quarterly 35 3 269 279 doi 10 1080 07317131 2018 1456849 issn 0731 7131 s2cid 196159979 archived from the original on 2023 07 10 retrieved 2022 05 03 stallman richard september 27 1983 initial announcement gnu project archived from the original on 2009 03 05 retrieved 2014 04 18 1 2 stallman richard the free software community after 20 years gnu archived from the original on 2021 04 25 retrieved 2021 04 04 1 2 the gnu manifesto gnu archived from the original on 2020 05 11 retrieved 2014 04 18 why free software gnu archived from the original on 2021 05 04 retrieved 2014 04 18 copyleft pragmatic idealism gnu archived from the original on 2012 09 19 retrieved 2007 04 09 free software and free manuals gnu archived from the original on 2021 08 15 retrieved 2014 04 18 transcript of stallman on free software fsfe 2006 03 09 archived from the original on 2009 03 12 retrieved 2007 01 09 transcript of stallman speaking at wsis ciarán o riordan archived from the original on 2008 12 21 retrieved 2006 10 07 1 2 zhou yi 2011 against intellectual monopoly free software in china world review of political economy 2 2 290 306 jstor 41917739 archived from the original on 2023 04 07 retrieved 2023 04 07 foss4gov innovation challenge archived from the original on 2021 08 27 retrieved 2021 08 27 rehman ata july 2017 free and open source software movement in lis profession in pakistan university of nebraska lincoln s digital commons archived from the original on 2023 04 08 retrieved 2023 04 08 open source s new weapon the law cnet archived from the original on 2023 03 16 retrieved 2023 03 16 lots of recycled arguments when the legislature debates open source software concord monitor 12 january 2022 archived from the original on 2023 04 09 retrieved 2023 04 09 an english translation of the free software bill proposed in peru archived from the original on 2010 12 04 retrieved 2007 05 10 peruvian congressman edgar villanueva writing to microsoft about free software archived from the original on 2007 08 29 group free software in government libreplanet org archived from the original on 2020 10 23 retrieved 2019 05 09 free software liberates venezuela free software magazine n 10 2006 02 08 archived from the original on 2016 03 03 retrieved 2007 03 16 public money public code archived from the original on 2020 02 19 retrieved 2021 08 27 afp french police deal blow to microsoft 2014 02 27 archived from the original on 2014 02 27 retrieved 2019 05 12 colophon for gov uk at launch retrieved 2014 11 16 cite web cs1 maint deprecated archival service link coverity scan 2013 open source report pdf coverity barbrook richard 1998 the high tech gift economy first monday 13 12 archived from the original on july 22 2018 retrieved july 22 2018 coleman 2013 p 116 7 söderberg 2007 p 153 4 1 2 pragmatism in the history of gnu linux and free open source software jun 9 2015 christopher tozzi eric s raymond goodbye free software hello open source archived from the original on 2020 01 02 retrieved 2016 03 22 the problem with it is twofold first the term free is very ambiguous second the term makes a lot of corporate types nervous kelty christpher m 2008 the cultural significance of free software two bits pdf durham and london duke university press p 99 archived pdf from the original on 2008 08 27 retrieved 2016 03 22 prior to 1998 free software referred either to the free software foundation and the watchful micromanaging eye of stallman or to one of thousands of different commercial avocational or university research projects processes licenses and ideologies that had a variety of names sourceware freeware shareware open software public domain software and so on the term open source by contrast sought to encompass them all in one movement shea tom 1983 06 23 free software free software is a junkyard of software spare parts infoworld retrieved 2016 02 10 in contrast to commercial software is a large and growing body of free software that exists in the public domain public domain software is written by microcomputer hobbyists also known as hackers many of whom are professional programmers in their work life since everybody has access to source code many routines have not only been used but dramatically improved by other programmers open source misses the point gnu archived from the original on 2011 08 04 retrieved 2014 04 18 bruce perens 17 february 1999 it s time to talk about free software again archived from the original on 16 july 2014 retrieved 2 april 2015 stallman richard why open source misses the point of free software gnu operating system free software foundation archived from the original on 4 august 2011 retrieved 11 february 2013 gillin paul 2016 04 28 gnu founder stallman open source is not free software siliconangle archived from the original on 2017 10 17 retrieved 2017 10 17 stallman richard june 2009 why open source misses the point of free software june 2009 communications of the acm cacm acm org retrieved 2017 10 17 why free software is better than open source gnu archived from the original on 2021 03 27 retrieved 2014 04 18 richard glass 2005 standing in front of the open source steamroller in joseph feller brian fitzgerald scott a hissam karim r lakahani eds perspectives on free and open source software mit press p 89 isbn 0262062461 eric s raymond 2006 07 01 esr s world domination 201 on the need for more compromise by the free software movement catb org archived from the original on 2019 09 05 retrieved 2016 02 11 richard stallman on world domination 201 archived from the original on 2013 06 03 retrieved 2008 01 31 i cannot agree to that compromise and my experience teaches me that it won t be temporary what our community needs most is more spine in rejection of non free software it has far too much willingness to compromise to argue in favor of adding non free software in gnu linux distros is almost superfluous since that s what nearly all of them have already done selling free software gnu archived from the original on 2018 02 07 retrieved 2021 04 04 interview with richard stallman gnu las s20e10 linux action show 2012 03 11 archived from the original on 2021 12 11 retrieved 2014 08 22 rms i m not gone to claim that i got a way to make it easier to raise money to pay people who write free software we all know that to some extent there are ways to do that but we all know that they are limited they are not as broad as we would like david mcgowan 2005 legal aspects of free and open source software in joseph feller brian fitzgerald scott a hissam karim r lakahani eds perspectives on free and open source software mit press p 382 isbn 0 262 06246 1 open source licensing guide new media rights archived from the original on 13 february 2015 retrieved 13 february 2015 newbart dave 2001 06 01 microsoft ceo takes launch break with the sun times chicago sun times archived from the original on 2001 06 15 internet archive link kirk st amant brian still 2008 examining open source software licenses through the creative commons licensing model handbook of research on open source software technological economic and social perspectives information science reference pp 382 of 728 isbn 978 1 59140 999 1 byfield bruce 2006 08 29 it manager s journal 10 common misunderstandings about the gpl archived from the original on 2020 02 16 retrieved 2008 08 23 poynder richard 21 march 2006 the basement interviews freeing the code retrieved 5 february 2010 osi and license proliferation archived 2016 02 20 at the wayback machine on fossbazar com by martin michlmayr too many different licenses makes it difficult for licensors to choose it s difficult to choose a good license for a project because there are so many some licenses do not play well together some open source licenses do not inter operate well with other open source licenses making it hard to incorporate code from other projects too many licenses makes it difficult to understand what you are agreeing to in a multi license distribution since a floss application typically contains code with different licenses and people use many applications which each contain one or several licenses it s difficult to see what your obligations are on august 21st 2008 various licenses and comments about them gnu archived from the original on 2010 07 24 retrieved 2021 04 04 mark 2008 05 08 the curse of open source license proliferation socializedsoftware com archived from the original on 2015 12 08 retrieved 2015 11 30 currently the decision to move from gpl v2 to gpl v3 is being hotly debated by many open source projects according to palamida a provider of ip compliance software there have been roughly 2489 open source projects that have moved from gpl v2 to later versions 1 2 mcdougall paul 2007 07 10 linux creator calls gplv3 authors hypocrites as open source debate turns nasty informationweek com archived from the original on 2008 04 13 retrieved 2015 02 12 the latest sign of a growing schism in the open source community between business minded developers like torvalds and free software purists frequently asked questions about the gnu licenses is gplv3 compatible with gplv2 gnu archived from the original on 30 march 2020 retrieved 3 june 2014 no some of the requirements in gplv3 such as the requirement to provide installation information do not exist in gplv2 as a result the licenses are not compatible if you tried to combine code released under both these licenses you would violate section 6 of gplv2 however if code is released under gpl version 2 or later that is compatible with gplv3 because gplv3 is one of the options it permits larabel michael 24 january 2013 fsf wastes away another high priority project phoronix archived from the original on 9 november 2016 retrieved 22 august 2013 both librecad and freecad both want to use libredwg and have patches available for supporting the dwg file format library but can t integrate them the programs have dependencies on the popular gplv2 license while the free software foundation will only let libredwg be licensed for gplv3 use not gplv2 chisnall david 2009 08 31 the failure of the gpl informit com archived from the original on 2016 01 24 retrieved 2016 01 24 kerner sean michael 2008 01 08 torvalds still keen on gplv2 internetnews com archived from the original on 2015 02 12 retrieved 2015 02 12 in some ways linux was the project that really made the split clear between what the fsf is pushing which is very different from what open source and linux has always been about which is more of a technical superiority instead of a this religious belief in freedom torvalds told zemlin so the gpl version 3 reflects the fsf s goals and the gpl version 2 pretty closely matches what i think a license should do and so right now version 2 is where the kernel is corbet 2006 10 01 busy busy busybox lwn net archived from the original on 2016 01 07 retrieved 2015 11 21 since busybox can be found in so many embedded systems it finds itself at the core of the gplv3 anti drm debate the real outcomes however are this busybox will be gplv2 only starting with the next release it is generally accepted that s...