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gatun lake wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 construction 2 geography toggle geography subsection 2 1 fishing 3 notes 4 references toggle the table of contents gatun lake 38 languages العربية беларуская català čeština dansk deutsch ελληνικά esperanto español suomi français हिन्दी magyar bahasa indonesia italiano 日本語 ქართული 한국어 latina lietuvių latviešu മലയാളം nederlands norsk nynorsk norsk bokmål polski português русский srpskohrvatski српскохрватски slovenčina slovenščina seeltersk svenska ไทย türkçe українська tiếng việt 中文 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide coordinates 9 12 n 79 54 w 9 2 n 79 9 w 9 2 79 9 from wikipedia the free encyclopedia panamanian freshwater artificial lake gatun lake interactive map of gatun lake coordinates 9 12 n 79 54 w 9 2 n 79 9 w 9 2 79 9 type artificial lake primary inflows chagres river catchment area 2 313 square kilometres 2 490 10 10 ft 2 1 basin countries panama first flooded june 27 1913 surface area 431 km 2 166 sq mi 1 average depth 12 7 metres 42 ft 1 water volume 5 48 km 3 4 440 000 acre ft 1 2 residence time 1 yr 1 shore length 1 1 750 kilometres 1 090 mi 1 surface elevation 26 m 85 ft islands isla barro colorado isla gatun isla falta calzado isla tres perros 1 shore length is not a well defined measure gatun lake spanish lago gatún is a mostly freshwater slightly saline near the locks 3 reservoir to the south of colón panama at approximately 26 m 85 ft above sea level it forms a major part of the panama canal carrying ships 33 km 21 mi of their transit across the isthmus of panama it was created june 27 1913 4 when the gates of the spillway at gatun dam were closed the water level was about 14 6 m 48 ft above sea level and was expected to fill to operating levels in the next six months 5 construction edit uss missouri battleship 11 in gatun lake panama canal 1915 created in 1913 by damming the chagres river gatun lake is a key part of the panama canal providing the millions of litres of water necessary to operate its locks each time a ship passes through 6 when constructed gatun lake was the largest artificial lake in the world the impassable rainforest around the lake has been the best defense of the panama canal today these areas remain practically unscathed by human interference and are one of the few accessible areas where various native central american animal and plant species can be observed undisturbed in their natural habitat citation needed geography edit gatun lake covers about 470 km 2 180 sq mi the largest island in the lake is barro colorado island which was established for scientific study when the lake was formed and is operated by the smithsonian institution many important scientific and biological discoveries of the tropical animal and plant kingdom originated here citation needed gatun lake also provides drinking water for panama city and colón 3 fishing edit angling is one of the primary recreational pursuits on gatun lake non native peacock bass were accidentally introduced to gatun lake around 1967 7 by a local businessman 8 and have since flourished to become the dominant angling game fish in gatun lake locally called sargento and believed to be the species cichla pleiozona 9 these peacock bass originate from the amazon rio negro and orinoco river basins although considered a premier game fish in their natural range the introduction of the peacock bass to gatun lake had devastating effects on the local species according to a report by the smithsonian native fish populations in the lake still have not recovered 10 only one quarter the number of native fish species were found in a sampling taken in 2016 11 notes edit 1 2 3 4 5 6 list of lakes world lake database ilec wldb ilec or jp retrieved 2025 04 09 hulman lewis g 1972 system relationships a panama canal water supply study water resources research 8 3 774 778 doi 10 1029 wr008i003p00769 hdl 2027 uc1 31210024723247 1 2 mqp salt intrusion in gatun lake wp wpi edu retrieved 2025 04 09 design of the locks panama canal authority retrieved 2025 04 08 canal virtually finished july 14 1913 boston evening transcript 1913 archived from the original on 30 july 2023 retrieved 10 december 2022 panama canal open aug 20 1914 meriden weekly republican 1914 archived from the original on 30 july 2023 retrieved 16 december 2022 zaret thomas m paine r t 2 november 1973 species introduction in a tropical lake science 182 4111 449 455 bibcode 1973sci 182 449z doi 10 1126 science 182 4111 449 pmid 17832455 s2cid 19268817 peacock bass fun to catch fine to eat panama canal review 11 february 1971 retrieved 2012 04 30 gatun lake peacock bass fishing charters archived from the original on july 22 2010 retrieved 2012 04 30 comentario sobre el pez pavon estrella commentary on the star pavin fish nov 20m 1974 la nacion 1974 archived from the original on 30 july 2023 retrieved 18 december 2022 peacock bass invasion had devastating long term impact on panama s fish simthsonian beth king 2016 archived from the original on 20 december 2022 retrieved 15 december 2022 references edit history of the panama canal by ira e bennett the panama canal by colonel george w goethals v t e panama canal management panama canal authority structures locks panamax gatun dam gatun lake chagres river culebra cut centennial bridge bridge of the americas panama canal railway atlantic bridge locations atlantic side colón arco iris cristóbal port enrique adolfo jiménez airport limon bay gatún passage gatun lake culebra cut pacific side balboa albrook airport gamboa panama city expansion 2006 referendum atlantic bridge new panamax post panamax history people philippe bunau varilla ephraim s claybourn john g claybourn william nelson cromwell david du bose gaillard george washington goethals william crawford gorgas ferdinand de lesseps john frank stevens construction 1903 hay bunau varilla treaty 1921 thomson urrutia treaty isthmian canal commission 1904 1906 health measures panama canal museum box 25 us canal zone 1904 1979 99 list of governors canal zone police united states district court for the canal zone 1977 torrijos carter treaties former us military installations airfields albrook afb france field howard afb forts amador clayton davis de lesseps grant gulick kobbe randolph sherman ports coco solo psa panama international terminal radio galeta island balboa naval station education balboa high school authority control databases international viaf fast national united states israel retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title gatun_lake oldid 1366630504 categories artificial lakes of south america panama canal lakes of panama reservoirs in panama geography of colón province bifurcation lakes 1913 establishments in panama hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata pages using gadget wikiminiatlas pages using infobox mapframe without shape links in wikidata coordinates on wikidata articles using infobox body of water without image articles using infobox body of water without pushpin map articles using infobox body of water without image bathymetry articles containing spanish language text all articles with unsourced statements articles with unsourced statements from july 2023 cs1 unfit url pages using the kartographer extension this page was last edited on 29 july 2026 at 04 26 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search toggle the table of contents gatun lake 38 languages add topic