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Text of the page (random words):
glottalized click wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 glottalized nasal clicks 2 ejective clicks 3 other types of glottalized clicks 4 preglottalized nasal clicks 5 see also 6 references toggle the table of contents glottalized click 2 languages bahasa indonesia 日本語 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia type of click consonant main article click consonant alveolar glottalized nasal click ᵑ̊ǃˀ dental glottalized oral click ǀˀ lateral glottalized voiced nasal click ᵑǁˀ palatal glottalized voiced oral click ᶢǂˀ preglottalized labial nasal click ˀᵑʘ glottalized clicks are click consonants pronounced with closure of the glottis all click types bilabial ʘ dental ǀ alveolar ǃ lateral ǁ palatal ǂ and retroflex have glottalized variants they are very common all of the khoisan languages of africa have them the khoe tuu and kxʼa language families sandawe and hadza as does dahalo and the bantu languages yeyi and xhosa though zulu does not 1 they are produced by making a glottal stop the catch in the throat in the middle of english uh oh which stops the flow of air and then using the front of the tongue to make the click sound in the middle of the glottal stop glottalized nasal clicks edit in all languages which have them glottalized clicks are nasalized though a few have non nasal glottalized clicks as well glottalized nasal clicks are formed by closing the glottis so that the click is pronounced in silence however the nasal passage is left open the velum is lowered and any preceding vowel will be nasalized they are typically transcribed something like or ŋ or ŋ̊ and often word initially but n between vowels in khoekhoe they are written with the single letters ǃ ǁ ǀ ǂ in juǀ hõa as ǃ ǁ ǀ ǂ with a preceding nasal vowel in sandawe as q x c in hadza as qq xx cc and in xhosa as nkc nkx nkq when full glottal closure is made there is no nasal airflow during the click itself and there is a period of silence after the click and before the pronunciation of the vowel that is they are pronounced ͡ʔ etc in many languages however the glottal closure is not complete in which case they are pronounced with accompanying voiceless nasal airflow and transcribed ŋ̊ ʔ etc a more general transcription is ᵑ ˀ superscripting the nasal and glottal components indicates that they are articulated simultaneously with the click and not adjacent to it initially and in citation form the nasal component may be inaudible that is in this position glottalized clicks differ from plain tenuis clicks in the gap between click and vowel the voice onset time and from aspirated clicks in that this gap is silent rather than noisy in canonical form a glottal stop occurs between the release of the click and the start of the following vowel in practice though the glottalization often leaks with a creaky voiced transition into the vowel however in medial position or embedded in a phrase after a vowel the nasalization can usually be heard any preceding vowel will be nasalized or the click will be prenasalized this is somewhat similar to aspirated nasal clicks though in the later case the nasal airflow continues through the click itself in neither case is the following vowel normally nasalized something which occurs with simple nasal clicks in languages like gǀui ejective clicks edit not to be confused with ejective contour click in a few languages gǀui taa ǂ amkoe and in miller s analysis yeyi there is in addition a series of oral non contour glottalized clicks these have been described as ejective in the cases of gǀui and taa and nakagawa 2006 transcribes the two series of glottalized clicks as glottalized k ʔ ŋ̊ ʔ in earlier publications vs ejective k miller 2011 treats them as differing in nasality rather than in the type of glottalization 2 miller treats the glottalization in these clicks as phonation so that both oral and nasal clicks occur with five phonations tenuis voiced aspirated murmured breathy voiced and glottalized other types of glottalized clicks edit other series of glottalized clicks have only been reported from two languages taa and ǂ amkoe taa distinguishes the singular and plural of many nouns via a voiceless vs voiced initial consonant and thus there are voiced and voiceless versions of the glottalized nasal and oral clicks in the voiced versions the glottalization is delayed so that the hold of the click is partially voiced or nasalized that is ǃˀa vs ᶢǃʔa and ᵑ ˀa vs ᵑ ʔa 3 the release of the voiced glottal click is creaky as the voiceless nasal often is in miller s treatment of phonation this is perhaps a morphological contrast superimposed on the basic five phonation system preglottalized nasal clicks edit a few languages also have preglottalized nasal clicks these are pronounced like ordinary voiced nasal clicks but are preceded by a very short period of prenasalization that has a glottal stop onset they are considered unitary consonants and not sequences of glottal stop plus nasal click they are reported from taa ekoka kung and ǂ amkoe taa and ekoka kung also have preglottalized nasals ˀm ˀn in one dialect of gǀui glottalized nasal clicks before pharyngealized vowels have become preglottalized nasal clicks perhaps under the influence of ǂ amkoe see also edit nasal click pulmonic contour click ejective contour click references edit derek nurse the bantu languages p 616 amanda miller 2011 the representation of clicks in oostendorp et al eds the blackwell companion to phonology naumann christfied 2008 the consonantal system of west xoon 3rd international symposium on khoisan languages and linguistics riezlern v t e international phonetic alphabet chart ipa topics ipa international phonetic association history of the alphabet extensions for disordered speech extipa voice quality symbols voqs journal of the ipa jipa special topics cursive forms case variants obsolete and nonstandard symbols naming conventions sinological extensions world orthography ipa chart for english dialects encodings ascii encodings sampa x sampa usenet ascii ipa tipa phonetic symbols in unicode ipa number ipa braille consonants pulmonic consonants place labial coronal dorsal laryngeal manner bi labial labio dental linguo labial dental alveolar post alveolar retro flex alve olo palatal velar uvular pharyn geal epi glottal glottal nasal m̥ m ɱ̊ ɱ n̼ n̪̊ n̪ n̥ n n̠̊ n̠ ɳ̊ ɳ ɲ̊ ɲ ŋ̊ ŋ ɴ̥ ɴ plosive p b p̪ b̪ t̼ d̼ t̪ d̪ t d ʈ ɖ c ɟ k ɡ q ɢ ʡ ʔ sibilant affricate t̪s̪ d̪z̪ ts dz t̠ʃ d̠ʒ tʂ dʐ tɕ dʑ non sibilant affricate pɸ bβ p̪f b̪v t̪θ d̪ð tɹ̝̊ dɹ̝ t̠ɹ̠̊ d̠ɹ̠ cç ɟʝ kx ɡɣ qχ ɢʁ ʡʜ ʡʢ ʔh sibilant fricative s̪ z̪ s z ʃ ʒ ʂ ʐ ɕ ʑ non sibilant fricative ɸ β f v θ̼ ð̼ θ ð θ̠ ð̠ ɹ̠̊ ɹ̠ ɻ̊ ɻ ç ʝ x ɣ χ ʁ ħ ʕ h ɦ approximant β̞ ʋ ð̞ ɹ ɹ̠ ɻ j ɰ tap flap ⱱ̟ ⱱ ɾ̥ ɾ ɽ̊ ɽ ɢ̆ ʡ̆ trill ʙ̥ ʙ r̥ r r̠ ɽ̊r̥ ɽr ʀ̥ ʀ ʜ ʢ lateral affricate tɬ dɮ tꞎ d c ɟʎ̝ k ɡʟ̝ lateral fricative ɬ̪ ɬ ɮ ꞎ ʎ̝ ʟ̝ lateral approximant l̪ l̥ l l̠ ɭ̊ ɭ ʎ̥ ʎ ʟ̥ ʟ ʟ̠ lateral tap flap ɺ̥ ɺ ̊ ʎ̆ ʟ̆ ipa help audio full chart template symbols to the right in a cell are voiced to the left are voiceless shaded areas denote articulations judged impossible non pulmonic consonants bl ld d a pa rf p v u implosive voiced ɓ ɗ ᶑ ʄ ɠ ʛ voiceless ɓ̥ ɗ̥ ᶑ̊ ʄ̊ ɠ̊ ʛ̥ ejective stop pʼ tʼ ʈʼ cʼ kʼ qʼ affricate p̪fʼ t̪θʼ tsʼ t̠ʃʼ tʂʼ tɕʼ kxʼ qχʼ fricative ɸʼ fʼ θʼ sʼ ʃʼ ʂʼ ɕʼ xʼ χʼ lateral affricate tɬʼ c ʼ k ʼ q ʼ lateral fricative ɬʼ click top velar bottom uvular tenuis kʘ qʘ kǀ qǀ kǃ qǃ k q kǂ qǂ voiced ɡʘ ɢʘ ɡǀ ɢǀ ɡǃ ɢǃ ɡ ɢ ɡǂ ɢǂ nasal ŋʘ ɴʘ ŋǀ ɴǀ ŋǃ ɴǃ ŋ ɴ ŋǂ ɴǂ ʞ tenuis lateral kǁ qǁ voiced lateral ɡǁ ɢǁ nasal lateral ŋǁ ɴǁ ipa help audio full chart template co articulated consonants nasal n͡m labial alveolar ɳ͡m labial retroflex ŋ͡m labial velar plosive t͡p d͡b labial alveolar ʈ͡p ɖ͡b labial retroflex k͡p ɡ͡b labial velar q͡ʡ uvular epiglottal q͡p labial uvular fricative approximant ɥ̊ ɥ labialized palatal ʍ w labialized velar ɧ sj sound variable lateral approximant ɫ velarized alveolar implosive ɠ̊͜ɓ̥ ɠ͡ɓ labial velar ejective t͡pʼ labial alveolar ipa help full chart template other voiceless bidental fricative h̪͆ voiceless bilabially post trilled dental stop t̪ʙ̥ voiceless upper pharyngeal plosive ʡ̟ voiced upper pharyngeal plosive ʡ̟̬ bilabial percussive ʬ bidental percussive ʭ sublaminal lower alveolar percussive vowels front central back close i y ɨ ʉ ɯ u near close ɪ ʏ ʊ close mid e ø ɘ ɵ ɤ o mid e̞ ø̞ ə ɤ̞ o̞ open mid ɛ œ ɜ ɞ ʌ ɔ near open æ ɐ open a ɶ ä ɑ ɒ ipa help audio full chart template legend unrounded rounded retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title glottalized_click oldid 1361619913 categories click consonants glottalization hidden categories articles with short description short description matches wikidata pages with plain ipa articles using infobox templates with no data rows this page was last edited on 29 june 2026 at 02 33 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search 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