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god word wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 etymology toggle etymology subsection 1 1 influence of christianity 2 translations 3 capitalization 4 see also 5 references 6 external links toggle the table of contents god word 1 language magyar edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia english word not to be confused with god s word earliest attestation of the germanic word in the 6th century codex argenteus mt 5 34 part of a series on god core topics deity creator king existence gender transcendence conceptions abrahamic in baháʼí faith in christianity in islam in judaism in mandaeism in mormonism african chukwu mbombo mebege mukuru mwari nana buluku ngai nhialic njambe nyambe nyame nzambi ampungu ọlọrun roog ruhanga umvelinqangi unkulunkulu chinese tian shangdi hongjun laozu indian in hinduism in jainism in sikhism other in manichaeism in tenrikyo in zoroastrism names allah brahman demiurge deus god khuda the lord monad mulungu osanobua summum bonum yhwh experiences and practices faith fideism gnosis mysticism prayer revelation worship related god complex playing god theology portrayals of god in popular media religion portal v t e the english word god comes from the old english god which itself is derived from the proto germanic gudą its cognates in other germanic languages include guþ gudis both gothic guð old norse god old saxon old frisian and old dutch and got old high german etymology edit this section needs more citations please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources unsourced material may be challenged and removed find sources god word news newspapers books scholar jstor april 2018 learn how and when to remove this message the proto germanic meaning of gudą and its etymology is uncertain it is generally agreed that it derives from a proto indo european neuter passive perfect participle ǵʰu tó m 1 193 194 depending on which possibility is preferred the pre christian meaning of the germanic term may either have been in the pouring case libation or that which is libated upon idol or as watkins 2 opines in the light of greek χυτη γαια poured earth meaning tumulus the germanic form may have referred in the first instance to the spirit immanent in a burial mound or in the invoke case invocation prayer compare the meanings of sanskrit brahman or that which is invoked the earliest uses of the word god in germanic writing is often cited to be in the gothic bible or wulfila bible which is the christian bible as translated by ulfilas into the gothic language spoken by the eastern germanic or gothic tribes the oldest parts of the gothic bible contained in the codex argenteus are estimated to be from the fourth century during the fourth century the goths were converted to christianity largely through the efforts of bishop ulfilas who translated the bible into the gothic language in nicopolis ad istrum in today s northern bulgaria the words guda and guþ were used for god in the gothic bible influence of christianity edit god entered english when the language still had a system of grammatical gender the word and its cognates were initially neuter but underwent transition when their speakers converted to christianity as a means of distinguishing the personal god of the christians from the impersonal divine powers acknowledged by pagans 3 15 however traces of the neuter endured while these words became syntactically masculine so that determiners and adjectives connected to them took masculine endings they sometimes remained morphologically neuter which could be seen in their inflections in the phrase guþ meins my god from the gothic bible for example guþ inflects as if it were still a neuter because it lacks a final s but the possessive adjective meins takes the final s that it would with other masculine nouns 3 15 god and its cognates likely had a general predominantly plural or collective sense prior to conversion to christianity after conversion the word was commonly used in the singular to refer to the christian deity and also took on characteristics of a name 3 15 16 4 translations edit the word god was used to represent greek theos and latin deus in bible translations first in the gothic translation of the new testament by ulfilas for the etymology of deus see dyēus greek θεός theos means god in english it is often connected with greek θέω theō run 5 6 and θεωρέω theoreō to look at to see to observe 7 8 latin feriae holidays fanum temple and also armenian di k gods alternative suggestions e g by de saussure connect dhu̯es smoke spirit attested in baltic and germanic words for spook and ultimately cognate with latin fumus smoke the earliest attested form of the word is the mycenaean greek te o 9 plural te o i 10 written in linear b syllabic script capitalization edit kjv of 1611 psalms 23 1 2 occurrence of lord and god in the heading the development of english orthography was dominated by christian texts capitalized god was first used to refer to the abrahamic god and may now signify any monotheistic conception of god including the translations of the arabic allāh persian khuda indic ishvara and the maasai ngai in the english language capitalization is used for names by which a god is known including god consequently its capitalized form is not used for multiple gods or when referring to the generic idea of a deity 11 12 pronouns referring to a god are also often capitalized by adherents to a religion as an indication of reverence and are traditionally in the masculine gender he him his etc unless specifically referring to a goddess 13 14 see also edit anglo saxon paganism bhagavan hindi word el deity semitic word elohim jumala finnish word tanri turkish word yahweh yhwh allah references edit kroonen guus 2013 etymological dictionary of proto germanic brill academic publishers isbn 978 90 04 18340 7 watkins calvert ed the american heritage dictionary of indo european roots 2nd ed houghton mifflin co 2000 1 2 3 green d h 1998 language and history in the early germanic world cambridge cambridge university press isbn 9780521794237 god oxford english dictionary online ed oxford university press subscription or participating institution membership required henry george liddell robert scott a greek english lexicon θεός www perseus tufts edu henry george liddell robert scott a greek english lexicon θέω www perseus tufts edu θεωρέω henry george liddell robert scott a greek english lexicon on perseus dermot moran the philosophy of john scottus eriugena a study of idealism in the middle ages cambridge university press palaeolexicon word study tool of ancient languages palaeolexicon word study tool of ancient languages webster s new world dictionary god n me oe akin to ger gott goth guth prob ie base ĝhau to call out to invoke sans havaté he calls upon 1 any of various beings conceived of as supernatural immortal and having special powers over the lives and affairs of people and the course of nature deity esp a male deity typically considered objects of worship 2 an image that is worshiped idol 3 a person or thing deified or excessively honored and admired 4 g in monotheistic religions the creator and ruler of the universe regarded as eternal infinite all powerful and all knowing supreme being the almighty dictionary com god gɒd noun 1 the one supreme being the creator and ruler of the universe 2 the supreme being considered with reference to a particular attribute 3 lowercase one of several deities esp a male deity presiding over some portion of worldly affairs 4 often lowercase a supreme being according to some particular conception the god of mercy 5 christian science the supreme being understood as life truth love mind soul spirit principle 6 lowercase an image of a deity an idol 7 lowercase any deified person or object 8 often lowercase gods theater 8a the upper balcony in a theater 8b the spectators in this part of the balcony the new york times guide to essential knowledge st martin s press 25 october 2011 isbn 9780312643027 retrieved 27 december 2011 pronoun references to a deity worshiped by people in the present are sometimes capitalized although some writers use capitals only to prevent confusion god helped abraham carry out his law alcoholic thinking language culture and belief in alcoholics anonymous greenwood publishing group 1998 isbn 9780275960490 retrieved 27 december 2011 traditional biblical translations that always capitalize the word god and the pronouns he him and his in reference to god itself and the use of archaic forms such as thee thou and thy are familiar external links edit look up god in wiktionary the free dictionary use of guþ n the gothic bible use of guda n the gothic bible gothic language and its relation to other germanic languages such as anglish english and saxon archived 2011 04 30 at the wayback machine v t e names of god and the divine in abrahamism in chinese in christianity in judaism in islam in hinduism in zoroastrianism acintya adonai a ƭat roog serer roog koox kokh kox kopé tiatie cac ahura mazda khuda parvardigar allah aten bathala brahman bhagavan mahadevi tridevi saraswati lakshmi parvati kali durga deva trimurti brahma vishnu rama krishna shiva hiranyagarbha ishvara om tad ekam purusha svayam bhagavan cao đài chukwu deus devla ein sof el elohim el elyon el shaddai god god the father god the son god the holy spirit great spirit manitou gitche manitou wakan tanka haneunim hayyi rabbi holy spirit huwa hyang hypsistos i am that i am jahbulon kami lord mulungu nana buluku ngai nyame nzambi ampungu olodumare ọlọrun olofi osanobua roog shen shangdi tian sol invictus elagabalus tenri ō no mikoto the one tianzhu umvelinqangi unkulunkulu waheguru ik onkar yhwh jehovah jah yahweh category commons retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title god_ word oldid 1370577107 categories god english words etymologies names of god hidden categories articles with short description short description matches wikidata articles containing latin language text articles containing old english ca 450 1100 language text articles containing proto germanic language text articles containing gothic language text articles containing old norse language text articles containing old saxon language text articles containing old high german ca 750 1050 language text articles needing additional references from april 2018 all articles needing additional references articles containing proto indo european language text articles containing ancient greek to 1453 language text articles containing masai language text webarchive template wayback links this page was last edited on 21 august 2026 at 22 49 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search toggle the table of contents god word 1 language add topic