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tten by smith say the plates were found in a stone box cowdery 1835b p 196 smith 1838a pp 15 16 whitmer 1875 calling it a stone casket and stating that smith had to dig down for the box two and a half or three feet according to two non believing witnesses however smith said they were buried in an iron box bennett 1831 p 7 lewis lewis 1879 p 1 salisbury 1895 p 13 smith 1838a pp 15 16 according to various accounts the artifacts may have included a breastplate cowdery 1835b p 196 smith 1838a p 16 salisbury 1895 p 13 saying it was the breast plate of laban a set of large spectacles made of seer stones chase 1833 p 243 smith 1838a p 16 salisbury 1895 p 13 the liahona the sword of laban lapham 1870 pp 306 308 salisbury 1895 p 13 the brass plates of laban salisbury 1895 p 13 the vessel in which the gold was melted a rolling machine for gold plates and three balls of gold as large as a fist harris a 1833 p 253 knight 1833 p 2 account by joseph knight sr a loyal lifelong follower who had worked with smith in treasure expeditions smith 1853 p 85 account by smith s mother saying this occurred on smith s second visit to the hill salisbury 1895 p 14 account of smith s sister saying this occurred on smith s third visit to the hill but that it happened prior to their brother alvin s death which was in november 1823 cowdery 1835b p 197 account by smith s second in command oliver cowdery stating that when smith was looking in the box for other artifacts he had not yet removed the plates smith 1853 p 85 account by smith s mother knight 1833 p 2 account by smith s lifelong friend joseph knight sr salisbury 1895 p 14 account of smith s sister writing with smith s assistance for a church periodical oliver cowdery said that smith was stricken three times with an ever increasing force persisting after the second blow because he thought that the plates were held by the power of an enchantment like hidden treasure stories he had heard that could be overcome by physical exertion cowdery 1835b pp 197 198 smith s mother said that he was stricken by a force but did not say how many times smith 1853 p 86 willard chase who heard the story from smith s father in 1827 said that smith was stricken at least twice by a toad like creature chase 1833 p 242 account of benjamin saunders a sympathetic nonbeliever who heard the story from smith in 1827 saunders 1884a fayette lapham who said he heard the story in about 1830 from smith s father said smith was stricken three times with ever increasing force lapham 1870 p 306 two neighbors who heard the story from smith in harmony in the late 1820s said smith was knocked down three times lewis lewis 1879 p 1 smith himself said he made three unsuccessful attempts to take the plates that day but he did not mention his being stricken smith 1832 p 3 smith s sister katharine stated that three times he felt a pressure pushing hom him away salisbury 1895 p 14 david whitmer said that the angel struck smith three times with such force that he was knocked off the hill onto the surrounding plain and had to reascend it whitmer 1875 smith 1832 p 3 smith 1832 p 3 knight 1833 p 2 saying smith exclaimed why cant i stur this book cowdery 1835b p 198 saying that smith exclaimed without premeditation why can i not obtain this book salisbury 1895 p 14 saying smith asked lord what have i done that i can not get these records smith 1832 p 5 knight 1833 p 2 saying the angel said you cant have it now to which smith responded when can i have it and the angel said the 22nt day of september next if you bring the right person with you cowdery 1835b pp 197 198 stating that although smith supposed his success certain his failure to keep the commandments led to his inability to obtain them in smith s 1838 account he said the angel had already told him that he would not receive the plates for another four years smith 1838a p 7 smith s brother who was 11 at the time said upon his return he told us that in consequence of his not obeying strictly the commandments which the angel had given him he could not obtain the record until four years from that time smith 1883 p 10 smith s sister katharine who was 10 at the time said that moroni told smith you have not obeyed the commandments as you were commanded to you must obey his commandments in every particular you were not to lay them out of your hands until you had them in safe keeping salisbury 1895 p 14 smith 1853 p 85 knight 1833 p 2 saunders 1893 statement of orson saunders who heard the account from his uncle benjamin saunders who heard it from smith in 1827 knight 1833 p 2 account of joseph knight sr a lifelong follower of smith lapham 1870 p 307 account of fayette lapham who became a skeptic after hearing the story from smith s father in 1830 salisbury 1895 p 14 account of smith s sister katharine salisbury 1895 p 14 smith 1853 p 85 account of smith s mother about the time of the scheduled september 22 1824 meeting with the angel that alvin was to attend there were rumors in palmyra that alvin s body had been dug up and dissected to quell such rumors smith s father brought witnesses to exhume the body three days after smith s reported meeting with the angel september 25 and then ran a notice in a local newspaper stating that the body remained undisturbed except of course by smith sr and the witnesses smith 1824 knight 1833 p 2 salisbury 1895 p 14 saying the angel said you will know her when you see her knight 1833 p 2 salisbury 1895 p 15 saying that smith knew when he saw her that she was the one to go with him to get the records chase 1833 p 243 knight 1833 p 3 saying lawrence was a seer and had been to the hill and knew what was there harris 1859 p 164 identifying samuel t lawrence as a practitioner of crystal gazing smith 1838a p 7 smith 1853 pp 99 100 smith 1853 p 99 smith s father is cited as stating smith was late one year and missed the date for visiting the hill and therefore was chastised by the angel lapham 1870 p 307 1 2 knight 1833 p 3 young 1855 p 180 young 1855 pp 180 181 knight 1833 p 3 saying knight went to rochester on business and then passed back through palmyra so that he could be there on september 22 smith 1853 p 99 smith s mother stating knight and stowell arrived there september 20 1827 to inquire on business matters but stayed at the smith home until september 22 knight 1833 p 3 saying lawrence was a seer had been to the hill and knew what was there smith 1853 p 100 salisbury 1895 p 15 emma didn t see the records but she went with him harris 1859 p 164 chase 1833 p 246 smith 1853 p 104 smith had cut away the bark of a decaying log placed the plates inside and then covered the log with debris harris 1859 p 165 salisbury 1895 p 15 saying smith brought them part way home and hid them in a hollow log smith 1853 p 101 smith s friend joseph knight sr said that smith was even more fascinated by the interpreters than the plates knight 1833 p 3 smith 1853 p 101 1 2 harris 1859 p 167 smith 1853 p 102 salisbury 1895 p 15 saying that smith s father heard that they had got a conjurer who they said would come and find the plates smith 1853 p 103 salisbury 1895 p 15 smith 1853 pp 103 104 smith 1853 pp 104 106 vogel 2004 p 99 salisbury 1895 p 15 howe 1834 p 246 smith 1853 pp 104 106 harris 1859 p 166 smith 1853 pp 104 106 mentioning the dislocated thumb harris 1859 p 166 mentioning an injury to his side salisbury 1895 p 15 mentioning the dislocated thumb and an injury to his arm smith 1853 pp 105 106 salisbury 1895 p 15 smith 1853 p 106 salisbury 1895 p 15 howe 1834 p 264 harris 1859 pp 169 170 smith 1884 smith 1853 p 107 saying she saw the glistening metal and estimating the breastplate s value at over 500 dollars salisbury 1895 p 15 smith 1853 p 108 harris 1859 pp 166 167 smith 1853 p 108 smith 1853 pp 107 109 harris 1859 p 167 smith 1853 p 109 the seer was the sister of willard chase who said that she had found a green glass through which she could see many very wonderful things book of mormon translation gospel topics lds church the local presbyterian minister jesse townsend described harris as a visionary fanatic an acquaintance lorenzo saunders said there can t anybody say word against martin harris a man that would do just as he agreed with you but he was a great man for seeing spooks walker 1986 p 35 bushman 2005 p 73 quinn 1998 p 173 smith et al 1839 1843 p 5 early followers of smith used the term urim and thummim to refer to both the large spectacles and smith s other seer stones most notably one that was commonly called the chase stone and found by smith in a palmyra well in the early 1820s van wagoner walker 1982 pp 59 62 quinn 1998 p 171 tucker 1867 p 35 referring to the urim and thummim as mammoth spectacles quinn 1998 pp 169 170 martin harris one of smith s scribes is reported to have said that the spectacles were made for a giant and could not have been worn by smith anthon 1834 david whitmer another scribe also said that the spectacles were larger than normal spectacles and indicated that smith placed them in his hat while translating rather than wearing them whitmer 1875 however a man who interviewed smith s father in 1830 said that smith did at least some of the translation while he wore the spectacles lapham 1870 hale 1834 p 265 smith 1879 pp 536 540 van wagoner walker 1982 pp 59 62 containing an overview of witnesses to the translation process quinn 1998 p 171 whitmer said that the angel had taken the urim and thummim after smith lost the first 116 pages of manuscript but allowed smith to continue translating with the brown stone van wagoner walker 1982 p 53 givens 2003 p 34 quinn 1998 p 172 most of smith s disciples did not emphasize the fact that he was now using for religious purposes the brown seer stone he had previously used for the treasure quest smith s father in law isaac hale said that the manner in which he pretended to read and interpret was the same as when he looked for the money diggers with the stone in his hat and his hat over his face while the book of plates were at the same time hid in the woods hale 1834 p 265 whitmer 1875 having placed the urim and thummim in his hat joseph placed the hat over his face and with prophetic eyes read the invisible symbols syllable by syllable and word by word michael morse smith s brother in law stating that he watched smith on several occasions the mode of procedure consisted in joseph s placing the seer stone in the crown of a hat then putting his face into the hat so as to entirely cover his face van wagoner walker 1982 pp 52 53 quoting w w blair latter day saints herald 26 15 november 1879 341 who was quoting michael morse smith s wife emma stated that she took dictation from her husband as she sat next to him and that he would put his face into a hat with the stone in it dictating for hours at a time smith 1879 pp 536 540 cook 1991 p 173 however elizabeth ann whitmer later to be the wife of scribe oliver cowdery said that she had never seen a curtain raised between smith and cowdery or her brothers while translation was taking place in the whitmer home van wagoner walker 1982 p 51 howe 1834 p 14 marquardt 2005 p 97 van wagoner walker 1982 pp 53 bushman 2005 p 72 joseph said almost nothing about his method quinn 1998 p 170 quinn 1998 p 455 n 273 most common 19th century theory brodie 1971 p 68 brodie 1971 pp 143 144 bushman 2005 pp 90 91 quinn 1998 p 455 n 273 arguing that the theory has been repudiated brodie 1971 p 69 bushman 2005 p 72 bloom 1992 p 86 riley 1902 pp 84 195 bushman 2005 p 72 arguing that this transcription method is the only one consistent with the historical record quinn 1998 pp 479 n 302 482 n 335 expressing his personal view shared by several other mormon apologists and noting that while that view might pose problems because of the historical record it helps to explain the origin of the book of mormon s grammatical mistakes peterson daniel march 27 2015 joseph the stone and the hat why it all matters deseret news retrieved march 27 2021 clark 1842 although in the same room a thick curtain or blanket was suspended between them and smith concealed behind the blanket pretended to look through his spectacles or transparent stones and would then write down or repeat what he saw which when repeated aloud was written down by harris benton 1831 oliver cowdery one of the three witnesses to the book testified under oath that said smith translated his book with two transparent stones resembling glass set in silver bows that by looking through these he was able to read in english the reformed egyptian characters which were engraved on the plates phelps 1833 p 24 palmer 2002 p 7 smith 1853 p 113 harris 1859 p 170 hale 1834 p 264 knight 1833 p 3 hale 1834 p 264 knight 1833 p 3 smith 1853 p 115 1 2 smith 1879 smith 1853 p 124 stevenson 1882 hale 1834 pp 264 265 van horn 1881 whitmer 1875 the plates were not before joseph while he translated but seem to have been removed by the custodian angel isaac hale said that while joseph was translating the plates were hid in the woods hale 1834 p 264 joseph smith sr said they were hid in the mountains palmer 2002 pp 2 5 smith 1853 pp 115 116 lucy may have caused the loss of the 116 manuscript pages which smith had lent her husband smith 1853 p 125 stating that the angel took back the urim and thummim but referring to the revelation which stated the plates were taken too smith 1832 p 5 referring only to the plates phelps 1833 9 1 p 22 a revelation referring only to the plates and to smith s gift to translate smith 1853 p 126 hale 1834 pp 264 265 smith 1853 p 137 salisbury 1895 p 16 van horn 1881 smith 1853 p 141 young 1877 p 38 mentioning only smith and cowdery packer 2004 pp 52 55 including david whitmer in the list and describing whitmer s account of the event and citing william horne dame diary 14 january 1855 stating that hyrum smith was also in the group packer 2004 p 52 young 1877 p 38 young said he heard this from oliver cowdery 1 2 smith 1842 p 707 book of mormon 2 nephi 27 7 packer 2004 p 55 packer 2004 p 55 quoting a statement by orson pratt packer 2004 p 55 citing reporter edward stevenson s 1877 interview with whitmer packer 2004 p 55 at least one mormon scholar doubts the existence of a cumorah cave and instead argues that early mormons saw a vision of a cave in another location tvedtnes 1990 vogel early mormon documents 2 255 the foreman in the palmyra printing office that produced the first book of mormon said that harris used to practice a good deal of his characteristic jargon and seeing with the spiritual eye and the like pomeroy tucker origin rise and progress of mormonism new york d appleton and co 1867 71 in emd 3 122 john h gilbert the typesetter for most of the book said that he had asked harris martin did you see those plates with your naked eyes according to gilbert harris looked down for an instant raised his eyes up and said no i saw them with a spiritual eye john h gilbert memorandum 8 september 1892 in emd 2 548 two other palmyra ...