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htr pm wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 technology 2 history 3 see also 4 references toggle the table of contents htr pm 6 languages čeština español français bahasa indonesia nederlands 中文 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide coordinates 36 58 20 n 122 31 44 e 36 97222 n 122 52889 e 36 97222 122 52889 from wikipedia the free encyclopedia chinese small modular nuclear reactor htr pm demonstration plant country people s republic of china location shidao bay nuclear power plant rongcheng weihai shandong coordinates 36 58 20 n 122 31 44 e 36 97222 n 122 52889 e 36 97222 122 52889 status operational construction began 9 december 2012 2012 12 09 commission date 20 december 2021 nuclear power station reactor type pebble bed reactor htgr power generation nameplate capacity 210 mw 500 mwth edit on wikidata the htr pm chinese 球床模块式高温气冷堆核电站 is a chinese small modular nuclear reactor it is a high temperature gas cooled htgr pebble bed generation iv reactor evolved from the htr 10 prototype the technology is intended to replace coal fired power plants in china s interior in line with the country s plan to reach carbon neutrality by 2060 1 the first plant has an electrical output of 210 mw it began producing power in december 2021 and started commercial operation in late 2023 technology edit the htr pm is a high temperature gas cooled htgr pebble bed reactor while the german avr and thtr 300 operating from 1969 to 1988 were the first pebble bed reactors and operated at similar temperatures the htr pm is the first such design using modular construction and the second small modular reactor following russia s akademik lomonosov floating plant in 2019 it is a generation iv design the technology is based on the htr 10 prototype reactor 2 the reactor unit has a thermal capacity of 250 mw two reactors are connected to a single steam turbine to generate 210 mw of electricity 210 mwe 2 the reactor is inherently safe because even if the primary loop loses power it will cool passively and will not suffer a meltdown 3 4 even if the coolant pipes of the primary loop rupture and detach from the reactor core damage beyond baseline design the core does not melt down and will cool itself through natural convection without releasing radioactive materials 5 history edit the demonstration project for the h igh t emperature gas cooled r eactor p ebble bed m odule htr pm was launched in 2001 6 work on the first demonstration power plant composed of two reactors driving a single steam turbine began in december 2012 in shidao bay nuclear power plant in shandong province the pressure vessels of the two reactors were installed in 2016 a 2018 paper by rainer moormann recommended additional safety measures based on experience with the avr reactor 7 the steam generator shell hot gas duct shell and reactor pressure vessel shell of the first reactor in the project were successfully paired on 28 april 2020 paving the way for the installation of the main helium fan 8 9 cold functional tests were successfully completed between october and november 2020 the air and helium mixture was pressurized to a maximum of 8 9 mpa 1 290 psi in the primary coolant loop 10 following the cold functional tests the hot tests were performed in three stages vacuum dehumidification heating and dehumidification and hot functional tests the hot tests began in december 2020 11 on 12 september 2021 the first of two reactors achieved criticality 12 on 11 november 2021 reactor two achieved first criticality 13 on 20 december 2021 reactor one was connected to the state power grid and began producing power 14 on 9 december 2022 the htr pm project demonstrated it had reached initial full power 15 two world first safety demonstrations were performed showing that in the event of a total power supply loss the decay heat inside the reactor would dissipate and cool down naturally without any human intervention or emergency core cooling the plant entered commercial operation in december 2023 16 an updated larger power plant htr pm600 is planned with a capacity of 600 mwe using six htr pm reactor units 17 see also edit nuclear power in china references edit china starts up world s first high temperature gas cooled reactor global construction review 15 september 2021 retrieved 28 october 2021 1 2 zhang zuoyi dong yujie li fu zhang zhengming wang haitao huang xiaojin li hong liu bing wu xinxin wang hong diao xingzhong zhang haiquan wang jinhua march 2016 the shandong shidao bay 200 mw e high temperature gas cooled reactor pebble bed module htr pm demonstration power plant an engineering and technological innovation engineering 2 1 112 118 doi 10 1016 j eng 2016 01 020 china tests safety of htr pm reactor nuclear engineering international 31 july 2024 zhang zuoyi dong yujie li fu huang xiaojin zheng yanhua dong zhe zhang han chen zhipeng li xiaowei july 2024 loss of cooling tests to verify inherent safety feature in the world s first htr pm nuclear power plant joule 8 7 2146 2159 doi 10 1016 j joule 2024 06 014 xu wei zhang han xie heng shi lei sun jun 10 november 2020 numerical study of the air ingress accident of the htr pm and possible mitigation measures science and technology of nuclear installations 2020 1 11 doi 10 1155 2020 8872899 htr pm making dreams come true nuclear engineering international 26 february 2019 moormann rainer kemp r scott li ju october 2018 caution is needed in operating and managing the waste of new pebble bed nuclear reactors joule 2 10 1911 1914 bibcode 2018joule 2 1911m doi 10 1016 j joule 2018 07 024 key components of second htr pm reactor connected new nuclear world nuclear news world nuclear news org retrieved 25 may 2020 progress at china s htr pm nuclear engineering international 26 march 2020 cold testing of htr pm reactors completed new nuclear world nuclear news www world nuclear news org 4 november 2020 retrieved 25 july 2021 hot functional testing of htr pm reactors starts new nuclear world nuclear news world nuclear news 4 january 2021 retrieved 25 july 2021 china s htr pm reactor achieves first criticality new nuclear world nuclear news www world nuclear news org 13 september 2021 dual criticality for chinese demonstration htr pm new nuclear world nuclear news www world nuclear news org demonstration htr pm connected to grid new nuclear world nuclear news www world nuclear news org china s demonstration htr pm reaches full power new nuclear world nuclear news www world nuclear news org china s demonstration htr pm enters commercial operation new nuclear world nuclear news www world nuclear news org china plans further high temperature reactor innovation www world nuclear news org archived from the original on 4 june 2023 retrieved 8 november 2017 v t e nuclear power in china operating power plants fujian fuqing ningde zhangzhou guangdong daya bay ling ao taipingling taishan yangjiang guangxi fangchenggang hainan changjiang jiangsu tianwan liaoning hongyanhe shandong haiyang shidaowan zhejiang fangjiashan san ao sanmen qinshan power plants under construction fujian xiapu guangdong lianjiang lufeng guangxi bailong jiangsu xuwei liaoning xudabao zhuanghe shandong laiyang zhaoyuan zheijiang jinqimen planned power plants hebei haixing hubei xianning hunan taohuajiang jiangxi pengze liaoning bohai shandong jiaodong xin an proposed power plants anhui jiyang wuhu chongqing fuling shizu fujian gulei xiapu guangdong haifeng hebaodao jieyang shaoguan guizhou tongren guangxi pingnan hebei cangzhou qiaofushan heilongjiang jiamusi henan nanyang xinyang hubei guangshui zhingxiang hunan changde xiaomoshan xiangtan jiangxi hengfeng yingtan ningdu yanjiashan jilin jingyu liaoning donggang hengren pulandian shanghai songjiang sichuan nanchong yibin zhejiang zhexi commercial reactor designs cnp 300 cnp 600 cnp 1000 cpr 1000 acp 600 acp 1000 acpr 1000 hualong one cap 1000 cap 1400 htr pm htr pm600 cfr 600 cfr 1000 acp100 research experimental and prototype reactor cefr htr 10 tmsr lf1 tmsr lf2 east best cfetr ht 7 hl 3 hh 70 hh 170 organizations power plant operators china general nuclear power group china national nuclear corporation state nuclear power technology corporation construction companies china nuclear engineering construction corporation state nuclear power engineering corporation government agencies china atomic energy authority china institute of atomic energy national nuclear safety administration mining china nuclear international uranium corporation swakop uranium other chinese nuclear society related categories nuclear energy in china nuclear power stations in china nuclear technology in china category coal power electricity sector renewable energy bioenergy geothermal hydropower solar wind v t e types of nuclear fission reactor moderator light water aqueous homogeneous boiling bwr bwrx 300 abwr esbwr kerena natural fission pressurized ap1000 apr 1400 apr apwr atmea1 cap1400 cpr 1000 epr hualong one acpr1000 acp1000 vver ritm 200 klt 40 ok 150 ok 900 ok 650 kn 3 vm ipwr 900 many others supercritical scwr heavy water by coolant d 2 o pressurized candu candu 6 candu 9 ec6 afcr acr 1000 cvtr iphwr iphwr 220 iphwr 540 iphwr 700 phwr kwu mzfr r3 r4 marviken h 2 o hwlwr atr hw blwr 250 steam generating sghwr ahwr organic wr 1 co 2 hwgcr el 4 kkn ks 150 lucens graphite by coolant water lwgr h 2 o am 1 amb x egp 6 rbmk mker gas co 2 uranium naturel graphite gaz ungg magnox advanced gas cooled agr he gtmhr mhr t uhtrex vhtr htgr pbr pbmr avr htr 10 htr pm thtr 300 pmr molten salt fluorides fuji msr liquid fluoride thorium reactor lftr molten salt reactor experiment msre integral molten salt reactor imsr tmsr 500 tmsr lf1 none fast neutron breeder fbr integral ifr liquid metal cooled lmfr ok 550 bm 40a vt 1 small sealed transportable autonomous sstar traveling wave twr energy multiplier module em2 reduced moderation rmwr fast breeder test reactor fbtr dual fluid reactor dfr generation iv sodium sfr bn 350 bn 600 bn 800 bn 1200 cfr 600 phénix superphénix pfbr fbr 600 cefr pfr prism lead brest 300 helium gas gfr stable salt reactor ssr others heat pipe cooled organic cooled omre arbus piqua aircraft reactor experiment nuclear fusion reactors list of nuclear reactors nuclear technology nuclear accidents v t e emerging nuclear power markets partnerships global nuclear energy partnership united states india peaceful atomic energy cooperation agreement next generation nuclear plant specialized plant designs b w mpower carem fuji msr gen4 energy htr pm iris kairos power nuscale prism russian floating nuclear power station sc htgr smahtr sstar terrapower thorcon toshiba 4s transatomic power retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title htr pm oldid 1347132100 categories nuclear technology in china small modular reactor pebble bed reactors hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata use dmy dates from november 2021 pages using gadget wikiminiatlas pages using infobox mapframe without shape links in wikidata coordinates on wikidata nuclear power station articles using infobox power station articles containing chinese language text pages using the kartographer extension this page was last edited on 4 april 2026 at 22 17 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the 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