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hectocotylus wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 structure 2 variability toggle variability subsection 2 1 table of hectocotyli 3 references toggle the table of contents hectocotylus 16 languages български čeština deutsch esperanto español euskara français galego 日本語 plattdüütsch polski português русский simple english türkçe українська edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia cephalopod sex organ georges cuvier s original illustration of an octopus hectocotylus mistaking it for its own separate organism he named it hectocotyle octopodis a hectocotylus pl hectocotyli is one of the arms of male cephalopods that is specialized to store and transfer spermatophores to the female 1 structurally hectocotyli are muscular hydrostats depending on the species the male may use it merely as a conduit to the female analogously to a penis in other animals or he may wrench it off and present it to the female the hectocotyl arm was first described in aristotle s biological works although aristotle knew of its use in mating he was doubtful that a tentacle could deliver sperm the name hectocotylus was devised by georges cuvier who first found one embedded in the mantle of a female argonaut thinking it to be a parasitic worm in 1829 cuvier gave it a generic name hectocotyle 2 3 4 5 which is a new latin term combining the greek words for hundred hec a to n and for hollow thing cup cotyle structure edit generalized anatomy of squid and octopod hectocotyli squid octopod variability edit hectocotyli are shaped in many distinctive ways and vary considerably between species the shape of the tip of the hectocotylus has been much used in octopus systematics many coleoids lack hectocotyli altogether 6 among decapodiformes ten limbed cephalopods generally either one or both of arms iv are hectocotylized in incirrate octopuses it is one of arm pair iii 6 rare examples of double and bilateral hectocotylization have also been recorded in incirrate octopuses 7 8 in male seven arm octopuses haliphron atlanticus the hectocotylus develops in an inconspicuous sac in front of the right eye that gives the male the appearance of having only seven arms in argonauts the male transfers the spermatophores to the female by putting his hectocotylus into a cavity in the mantle of the female called the pallial cavity this is the only contact the male and female have with each other during copulation and it can be at a distance during copulation the hectocotylus breaks off from the male the funnel mantle locking apparatus on the hectocotylus keeps it lodged in the pallial cavity of the female table of hectocotyli edit illustration species family abraliopsis morisi enoploteuthidae argonauta bottgeri argonautidae bathypolypus arcticus octopodidae graneledone verrucosa octopodidae haliphron atlanticus alloposidae ocythoe tuberculata ocythoidae scaeurgus patagiatus octopodidae tremoctopus violaceus tremoctopodidae uroteuthis duvauceli loliginidae references edit wikimedia commons has media related to hectocotylus roger t hanlon john b messenger 22 march 2018 cephalopod behaviour cambridge university press isbn 978 1 108 54674 4 leroi armand marie 25 september 2014 the lagoon how aristotle invented science penguin isbn 9780698170391 thompson d arcy wentworth 1913 on aristotle as a biologist with a prooemion on herbert spencer being the herbert spencer lecture before the university of oxford on february 14 1913 oxford university press p 19 nixon m young j z 2003 the brains and lives of cephalopods oxford university press isbn 9780198527619 gbif hectocotylus cuvier 1829 retrieved 21 november 2016 1 2 young r e m vecchione k m mangold 1999 cephalopoda glossary tree of life web project robson g c 1929 on a case of bilateral hectocotylization in octopus rugosus journal of zoology 99 1 95 97 doi 10 1111 j 1469 7998 1929 tb07690 x palacio f j 1973 on the double hectocotylization of octopods melbourne fla etc american malacologists inc etc 1973 the nautilus 87 99 102 v t e cephalopod anatomy shell types external ammonoid shell argonautid eggcase nautiloid shell orthocone internal belemnoid guard cirrate shell cuttlebone gladius pen spirula shell stylet features external aperture apex callus lirae periostracum sculpture spire sutures umbilicus internal body chamber camerae nacre phragmocone septa siphuncle whorls mantle funnel external anatomy dermal structures fins wings flotation devices secondary fins funnel mantle locking apparatus tail internal anatomy branchial hearts ctenidia gills hepatopancreas digestive gland ink sac and ink needham s sac nephridia kidneys nidamental glands osphradium pericardial glands head limbs brachial crown arms hectocotylus tentacles carpus dactylus manus suckers and hooks buccal region aptychus beak odontophore radula spadix and antispadix occipital region nuchal crest occipital crest nuchal folds occipital folds occipital membrane olfactory organ nuchal organ other parts eyes statocysts general chromatophores photophores nervous system squid giant axon squid giant synapse developmental stages spawn paralarva doratopsis stage juvenile subadult adult egg fossils protoconch embryonic shell retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title hectocotylus oldid 1323973522 categories cephalopod zootomy sex organs animal male reproductive system hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata commons category link is on wikidata this page was last edited on 24 november 2025 at 21 15 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search toggle the table of contents hectocotylus 16 languages add topic