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hicetas wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 references 2 further reading toggle the table of contents hicetas 15 languages مصرى català deutsch ελληνικά español فارسی magyar bahasa indonesia italiano português русский srpskohrvatski српскохрватски slovenščina türkçe українська edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia 4th century bc greek philosopher for other people named hicetas see hicetas disambiguation hicetas ancient greek ἱκέτας or ἱκέτης c 400 c 335 bc was a greek philosopher of the pythagorean school he was born in syracuse magna graecia like his fellow pythagorean ecphantus and the academic heraclides ponticus he believed that the daily movement of permanent stars was caused by the rotation of the earth around its axis 1 when nicolaus copernicus referred to nicetus syracusanus nicetus of syracuse in de revolutionibus orbium coelestium 1543 as having been cited by cicero as an ancient who also argued that the earth moved it is believed that he was actually referring to hicetas 2 copernicus searching for ancient views on earth motion said that he first found in cicero that hicetas supposed the earth to move 3 cicero refers to hicetas in the academica volume ii citing in turn theophrastus 4 5 according to heath cicero says hicetas of syracuse as theophrastus says holds that the heaven the sun the moon the stars and in fact all things in the sky remain still and nothing else in the universe moves except the earth but as the earth turns and twists about its axis with extreme swiftness all the same results follow as if the earth were still and the heaven moved this is of course not well expressed but cicero means no more than that the rotation of the earth is a complete substitute for the apparent daily rotation of the heaven as a whole 6 references edit theophrastus ap cicero acad quaest ii 39 diogenes laërtius viii 85 says that some ascribed this doctrine to hicetas while others attributed it to philolaus w t lynn nicetus of syracuse in the observatory vol 16 1893 pp 380 381 spielvogel jackson 2011 western civilization since 1300 cengage learning p 492 isbn 978 1 111 34219 7 retrieved 29 march 2026 cicero m t 1880 the academic questions treatise de finibus and tusculan disputations translated by c d yonge london macmillan p 81 cicero marcus tullius 1874 academica london macmillan hicetas syracusius ut ait theophrastus caelum solem lunam stellas supera denique omnia stare censet neque praeter terram rem ullam in mundo moveri quae cum circum axem se summa celeritate convertat et torqueat eadem effici omnia quae si stante terra caelum moveretur atque hoc etiam platonem in timaeo dicere quidam arbitrantur sed paulo obscurius heath thomas 1913 aristarchus of samos the ancient copernicus oxford at the clarendon press p 188 retrieved 19 april 2016 further reading edit leonid zhmud 2012 pythagoras and the early pythagoreans translated by kevin windle and rosh ireland oxford university press pp 20 108 114 130 325 338 340 393 405 416 422 428 432 455 doi 10 1093 acprof oso 9780199289318 001 0001 isbn 978 0 19 928931 8 v t e ancient greek astronomy astronomers aglaonice agrippa anaximander andronicus apollonius aratus aristarchus aristyllus attalus autolycus bion callippus cleomedes cleostratus conon eratosthenes euctemon eudoxus geminus heraclides hicetas hipparchus hippocrates of chios hypsicles menelaus meton oenopides philip of opus philolaus posidonius ptolemy pytheas seleucus sosigenes of alexandria sosigenes the peripatetic strabo thales theodosius theon of alexandria theon of smyrna timocharis treatises extant almagest ptolemy analemma ptolemy commentary on the phenomena hipparchus diosemeia aratus handy tables ptolemy hypotosis proclus introduction to the phenomena geminus on risings and settings autolycus on ascensions hypsicles on days and nights theodosius on habitations theodosius on the circular motions of the celestial bodies cleomedes on the heavens aristotle on the sizes and distances aristarchus on mathematics useful for the understanding of plato theon of smyrna on the moving sphere autolycus phaenomena euclid phenomena aratus planisphaerium ptolemy planetary hypothesis ptolemy risings of the fixed stars ptolemy spherics menelaus spherics theodosius the sand reckoner archimedes fragmentary catasterismi eratosthenes commentary on the almagest pappus commentary on the almagest theon of alexandria great commentary on the handy tables theon of alexandria history of astronomy eudemus little commentary on the handy tables theon of alexandria meteoroscope ptolemy on the measurement of the earth eratosthenes on nature anaximander on nature philolaus on sizes and distances hipparchus star catalogue hipparchus untitled work on heliocentrism aristarchus lost analemma diodorus astronomia hesiod description of the heavens democritus commentary on aratus theon of alexandria commentary on the analemma of diodorus pappus disappearances of the sun eudoxus eneptron eudoxus on fixed stars anaximander on speeds eudoxus on the displacement of the solstitial and equinoctial points hipparchus on the eight year lunisolar venus cycle eudoxus on the equinox thales on the great year democritus on the length of the year hipparchus on the solstice thales on the sphere achilles tatius nautical star guide thales phaenomena eudoxus planispheres democritus rotation of the earth anaximander treatise on the astrolabe theon of alexandria compilations little astronomy instruments antikythera mechanism armillary sphere astrolabe dioptra equatorial ring gnomon mural instrument triquetrum concepts callippic cycle celestial spheres circle of latitude counter earth deferent and epicycle equant geocentrism heliocentrism hipparchic cycle inferior and superior planets metonic cycle octaeteris solstice spherical earth sublunary sphere zodiac influences babylonian astronomy egyptian astronomy influenced medieval european science indian astronomy medieval islamic astronomy authority control databases international isni viaf 2 gnd worldcat national united states people deutsche biographie other yale lux this biography of a philosopher from ancient greece is a stub you can help wikipedia by adding missing information v t e this article about a greek scientist is a stub you can help wikipedia by adding missing information v t e this european astronomer related article is a stub you can help wikipedia by adding missing information v t e retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title hicetas oldid 1356349386 categories 330s bc deaths 400s bc births 4th century bc greek philosophers 4th century bc syracusans ancient greek astronomers pythagoreans of magna graecia ancient greek philosopher stubs greek scientist stubs european astronomer stubs hidden categories articles with short description short description matches wikidata use dmy dates from march 2026 articles containing ancient greek to 1453 language text all stub articles this page was last edited on 27 may 2026 at 05 49 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit 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