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hit and run baseball wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 description 2 notes 3 references toggle the table of contents hit and run baseball 4 languages français 日本語 한국어 中文 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia baseball strategy this article relies on a single source please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources unsourced material may be challenged and removed find sources hit and run baseball news newspapers books scholar jstor july 2013 learn how and when to remove this message a hit and run is a high risk high reward offensive strategy used in baseball it uses a stolen base attempt to try to place the defending infielders out of position for an attempted base hit the hit and run was introduced to baseball by ned hanlon who was often referred to as the father of modern baseball at the beginning of the 1894 season of the national league as part of what came to be called inside baseball hanlon was manager of the baltimore orioles at the time his team developed the hit and run along with other tactics during spring training at macon georgia after its implementation in the season s series opener against the new york giants the opposing manager objected to its use however it was deemed acceptable 1 description edit the hit and run relies on the positioning of the defensive players in the infield the first and third basemen normally stand near the foul lines generally near the inside of their bases set slightly back to allow more time to react to sharply hit balls however if the runner is on first the first baseman stands closer to the base to prevent steals by means of pickoff attempts by the pitcher consequently such positioning produces a bigger gap between second and first basemen the second baseman and shortstop stand on opposite sides of second base covering the areas between first and second and second and third respectively second base itself is not directly covered as the pitcher can field batted balls in this direction in normal play if the ball is hit into the infield one of the infielders will run toward the ball while another runs toward the base that is no longer covered for instance if the ball is hit toward the second baseman he will run toward the ball while the shortstop runs to cover second base this allows the fielding player to throw the ball to the player covering the base to attempt a put out however during a stolen base attempt the normal gameplay and positioning is altered in the typical case a baserunner on first base will start running toward second causing the middle infielders to move toward that base in order to tag the runner when the ball is thrown to them from the pitcher or catcher this reaction places the infielders out of position for a hit ball with gaps opening at midway points between first and second and second and third the hit and run takes advantage of this difference by having the baserunner attempt to steal as soon as the pitch is thrown the batter then attempts to hit the ball into one of the resulting gaps in the infield defense the name hit and run is therefore a potential misnomer in that the chronological order of the offensive play is run and hit with the runner beginning the steal attempt before the batter makes contact although in a logical sense it is accurate in that the batter s swing occurs while the runner s steal attempt is ongoing such that any contact hit will occur simultaneously with and the steal attempt run ideally the ball will be hit into a gap and travel into the outfield allowing the runners plenty of time to reach the bases even if the ball is hit toward a fielder s initial position before the fielder has had time to move away from it however the fielder may have turned to run toward the base in order to cover the baserunner in normal play the fielders would face the batter allowing them to react in any direction but after they have turned toward the base this becomes much more difficult their momentum in this direction adds to this problem the hit and run also has defensive qualities in normal play the baserunner would start toward second base when the ball was hit if the defensive players react fast enough they may be able to throw the ball to second and first before either runner has reached their base resulting in a double play in the case of the hit and run the baserunner has a head start increasing the baserunner s probability of reaching second base before the ball this may force the fielders to attempt the out only at first thereby advancing the runner it may also allow the runner to advance more bases on a hit than he might otherwise due to that running head start although a line drive can easily turn into a double play line drives are rare so the risk of being doubled off from a line drive is minimal the risk in the hit and run is that if the batter fails to make contact with the ball the runner is vulnerable to being thrown out at second base which the official scorer will record as a caught stealing note 1 the defensive team can improve its odds in this case by using a pitchout having the pitcher throw the ball far outside the strike zone so the catcher can easily catch it and attempt to pick off the runner the batter may choose to take a swing at a bad pitch to make it harder for the catcher to handle the incoming pitch or so the ball goes foul in which case the runner is allowed to return to first so the attempt protects the runner from being caught stealing either way this can cause the batter to fall behind in the count making it harder for him to get a hit and if he does hit a bad pitch he really can t handle it could result in poor contact leading directly to the batter being put out so he may end up giving his at bat away with no advantage to the offense other than the steal or it may result in the runner being put out the hit and run has the best chance to be successful when the batter is someone who does not frequently swing and miss at a time when the count won t disadvantage a hitter if he takes a bad swing with a runner fast enough to take second base even if the batter does swing and miss often the precise circumstance to call for a hit and run occurs with a two balls one strike count on a hitter as this situation may meet all of the above criteria depending on who is at bat and who is on base but it can occur at other times an alert defense understands the probability that the offense will call the play at a specific moment and thus it may choose to call for a pitchout at that moment to defend it an alert offense in turn understands the probability of a forthcoming pitchout and use the hit and run opportunity as a decoy causing the pitchout to become another ball in the count in the hitter s favor increasing his chances of reaching base by walk or hit notes edit a runner trying to advance on a failed hit and run is more likely to be thrown out than a runner attempting a straight steal of second because the runner is not waiting for the best pitch to steal on and does not get the best head start on the way there because he waits a bit longer at the original base to preserve the deception a while longer references edit baseball portal edgar g brands april 1937 ned hanlon leader of famous orioles and noted strategist of game dies at 79 devised hit and run and other inside plays he discovered and developed many players and pilots won five flags at baltimore and brooklyn the sporting news p 12 v t e baseball and softball concepts outline glossary baseball rules cheating comparison of baseball and softball fastpitch softball 16 inch softball ejections ground rules infield fly rule in flight interference pitch clock protested game strike zone suspended game unwritten rules ballpark field backstop baseball diamond batter s box batter s eye bullpen dugout foul pole foul territory infield on deck circle outfield warning track equipment ball baseball rubbing mud bat batting cage batting glove batting helmet cap doughnut glove defense pitching machine protective cup shin guard stirrups uniform uniform number game process batting order challenges ball strike check swing innings extra innings out positions run pace of play batting at bat baltimore chop bat flip batted ball batting count batting out of order bunt sacrifice bunt squeeze play charging the mound checked swing cleanup hitter contact hitter designated hitter double double switch foul ball foul tip golden sombrero ground rule double hat trick hit hit and run hit by pitch hitting for the cycle home run grand slam inside the park walk off moonshot chinese infield hit leadoff hitter lefty righty switch line drive mendoza line on deck pinch hitter plate appearance platoon system power hitter pull hitter sacrifice fly single strikeout strike zone sweet spot switch hitter triple walk pitching softball balk beanball breaking ball brushback pitch changeup vulcan changeup curveball eephus emery ball fastball two seam four seam cutter sinker split finger full count immaculate inning inside pitching intentional balk intentional walk knuckleball maddux no hitter perfect game pickoff pitch count pitching by position players pitching position pitchout quick pitch screwball shutout slider spitball strikeout strike zone striking out the side switch pitcher time of pitch wild pitch base running automatic runner balk bases loaded caught stealing hit and run lead off left on base obstruction pinch runner rundown safe scoring position slide small ball squeeze play stolen base tag up tie goes to the runner fielding positioning appeal play assist blocking the plate catch caught stealing covering a base defensive indifference double play error fielder s choice fifth infielder force play fourth out hidden ball trick in between hop infield fly rule infield shift interference neighborhood play passed ball pickoff putout rundown tag out triple play unassisted uncaught third strike wall climb wheel play related baseball card baseball statistics bench jockey bench clearing brawl dead ball doubleheader jargon injured list list of baseball films night game old timers day pepper scorekeeping series seventh inning stretch shagging sign stealing slump streak losing winning variations of baseball vintage base ball category portal wikiproject retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title hit_and_run_ baseball oldid 1263810402 categories baseball terminology baseball plays hidden categories articles with short description short description matches wikidata articles needing additional references from july 2013 all articles needing additional references this page was last edited on 18 december 2024 at 19 40 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search toggle the table of contents hit and run baseball 4 languages add topic