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hot wire barretter wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 description and construction 2 operation 3 see also 4 references 5 external links toggle external links subsection 5 1 patents 5 2 other toggle the table of contents hot wire barretter 1 language العربية edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia early radio equipment fessenden barretter the hot wire barretter was a demodulating detector invented in 1902 by reginald fessenden that found limited use in early radio receivers in effect it was a highly sensitive thermoresistor which could demodulate amplitude modulated signals something that the coherer the standard detector of the time could not do 1 the first device used to demodulate amplitude modulated signals it was later superseded by the electrolytic detector also generally attributed to fessenden the barretter principle is still used as a detector for microwave radiation similar to a bolometer description and construction edit fessenden s 1902 patent describes the construction of the device a fine platinum wire about 0 003 inches 0 08 mm in diameter is embedded in the middle of a silver tube having a diameter of about 0 1 inches 2 5 mm this compound wire is then drawn until the silver wire has a diameter of about 0 002 inches 0 05 mm as the platinum wire within it is reduced in the same ratio it is drawn down to a final diameter of 0 00006 inches 1 5 μm the result is called wollaston wire the silver cladding is etched off a short piece of the composite wire leaving an extremely fine platinum wire this is supported on two heavier silver wires in a loop inside a glass bulb the leads are taken out through the glass envelope and the whole device is put under vacuum and then sealed operation edit the hot wire barretter depends upon the increase of a metal resistivity with increasing temperature the device is biased by a direct current adjusted to heat the wire to its most sensitive temperature when there is an oscillating current from the antenna through the extremely fine platinum wire loop the wire is further heated as the current increases and cools as the current decreases again as the wire heats and cools it varies its resistance in response to the signals passing through it because of the low thermal mass of the wire it is capable of responding quickly enough to vary its resistance in response to audio signals however it cannot vary its resistance fast enough to respond to the much higher radio frequencies the signal is demodulated because the current supplied by the biasing source varies with the changing wire resistance headphones are connected in series with the dc circuit and the variations in the current are rendered as sound see also edit electronics portal electrolytic detector a development of the barretter detector iron hydrogen resistor references edit tapan k sarkar robert mailloux arthur a oliner magdalena salazar palma dipak l sengupta history of wireless isbn 978 0 471 78301 5 january 2006 wiley ieee press page 369 external links edit patents edit us 706744 current actuated wave responsive device august 1902 barretter detector us 727331 receiver for electromagnetic waves may 1903 improved barretter other edit detectors of electrical oscillations tech definitions radio concepts united states early radio history secor h winfield january 1917 radio detector development the electrical experimenter pages 652 accessed 2007 12 20 v t e electronic components semiconductor devices mos transistors transistor nmos pmos bicmos biofet chemical field effect transistor chemfet complementary mos cmos depletion load nmos fin field effect transistor finfet floating gate mosfet fgmos insulated gate bipolar transistor igbt isfet ldmos mos field effect transistor mosfet multi gate field effect transistor mugfet power mosfet thin film transistor tft vmos umos qfet tunnel field effect transistor tfet high electron mobility transistor hemt rf cmos native transistor other transistors bipolar junction transistor bjt darlington transistor diffused junction transistor field effect transistor fet junction gate fet jfet organic fet ofet light emitting transistor let pentode transistor point contact transistor programmable unijunction transistor put static induction transistor sit tetrode transistor nanoscale vacuum channel transistor nvct single electron transistor set heterojunction bipolar transistor hbt mesfet heterostructure emitter bipolar transistor hebt itfet avalanche transistor junctionless nanowire transistor jlnt schottky transistor spin transistor ballistic collection transistor ballistic deflection transistor bdt drift field transistor organic electrochemical transistor oect spacistor surface barrier transistor synaptic transistor oxide thin film transistor nomfet grown junction transistor eosfet alloy junction transistor fe fet dna field effect transistor dnafet diodes avalanche diode shockley diode selenium rectifier fast diode single photon avalanche diode spad constant current diode cld crd gunn diode varicap impatt diode metal insulator metal diode mim diode transient voltage suppression diode tvs diode laser diode ld light emitting diode led organic light emitting diode oled photodiode pin diode p n diode tunnel diode avalanche photodiode apd solar cell multi junction solar cell mj hybrid solar cell schottky junction solar cell plasmonic solar cell heterojunction solar cell hjt schottky diode step recovery diode srd zener diode resonant tunneling diode rtd photoreflector backward diode geometric diode lr diode chua s diode baritt diode stabistor phosphorescent organic light emitting diode pholed thin film diode superluminescent diode sld josephson diode hole accumulation diode had silicon photomultiplier sipm metal rectifier bifacial solar cells bsc integrated circuits hybrid integrated circuit hic mixed signal integrated circuit mos integrated circuit mos ic three dimensional integrated circuit 3d ic photonic integrated circuit pic application specific integrated circuit asic field programmable gate array fpga system on a chip soc other devices diac heterostructure barrier varactor light emitting capacitor lec memistor memristor memtransistor memory cell metal oxide varistor mov organic semiconductor photodetector silicon controlled rectifier scr silicon controlled switch scs solaristor static induction thyristor sith thyristor trancitor triac varicap vertical cavity surface emitting laser vcsel gate turn off thyristor gto integrated gate commutated thyristor igct unijunction transistor ujt quantum cascade laser qcl photoresistor quantum dot display quantum dot solar cell photoelectrochemical cell dye sensitized solar cell plasmonic solar cell quantum dot laser quadrac interband cascade laser icl oscillistor mos composite static induction thyristor csmt mos controlled thyristor mct resistive opto isolator ro emitter turn off thyristor eto trisil quantum well infrared photodetector qwip quantum cascade detector qcd resonant cavity enhanced photo detector rce golay cell hybrid pixel detector semiconductor detector voltage regulators linear regulator low dropout regulator switching regulator buck boost buck boost split pi ćuk sepic charge pump switched capacitor vacuum tubes standard acorn tube audion beam tetrode barretter compactron diode fleming valve neutron tube nonode nuvistor pentagrid hexode heptode octode pentode photomultiplier pmt phototube tetrode triode x ray tube double diode triode additron tube computron tube micropup rf backward wave oscillator bwo cavity magnetron crossed field amplifier cfa gyrotron inductive output tube iot klystron maser sutton tube traveling wave tube twt vircator cathode ray tubes beam deflection tube charactron iconoscope magic eye tube monoscope selectron tube storage tube trochotron video camera tube williams tube gas filled tubes crossatron dekatron ignitron krytron mercury arc valve nixie tube thyratron trigatron voltage regulator tube geiger müller tube wire chamber neon lamp adjustable potentiometer digital variable capacitor varicap passive connector audio and video electrical power rf ferrite antifuse fuse resettable efuse resistor switch thermistor varistor reactive capacitor types ceramic resonator crystal oscillator inductor relay reed relay mercury relay other devices hall effect sensor squid spin valve magnetic tunnel junction mtj planar hall sensor ggnmos retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title hot wire_barretter oldid 1293664141 categories history of radio radio electronics detectors canadian inventions hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata this page was last edited on 3 june 2025 at 01 26 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search toggle the table of contents hot wire barretter 1 language add topic