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ion another variation lists him having a face that was marked with yellow and blue stripes and he carries around the fire serpent xiuhcoatl with him 40 according to legend the statue was supposed to be destroyed by the soldier gil gonzález de benavides but it was rescued by a man called tlatolatl the statue appeared some years later during an investigation by bishop zummáraga in the 1530s only to be lost again there is speculation that the statue still exists in a cave somewhere in the anahuac valley he always had a blue green hummingbird helmet in any of the depictions found in fact his hummingbird helmet was the one item that consistently defined him as huitzilopochtli the sun god in artistic renderings 41 he is usually depicted as holding a shield adorned with balls of eagle feathers a homage to his mother and the story of his birth 39 he also holds the blue snake xiuhcoatl in his hand in the form of an atlatl 42 calendar edit an imaginative european depiction of an aztec shrine the idol of huitzilopochtli is seated in the background 1602 diego durán described the festivities for huitzilopochtli panquetzaliztli november 9 to november 28 was the aztec month dedicated to huitzilopochtli people decorated their homes and trees with paper flags there were ritual races processions dances songs prayers and finally human sacrifices this was one of the more important aztec festivals and the people prepared for the whole month they fasted or ate very little a statue of the god was made with amaranth huautli seeds and honey and at the end of the month it was cut into small pieces so everybody could eat a little piece of the god after the spanish conquest cultivation of amaranth was outlawed while some of the festivities were subsumed into the christmas celebration citation needed according to the ramírez codex in tenochtitlan approximately sixty prisoners were sacrificed at the festivities sacrifices were reported to be made in other aztec cities including tlatelolco xochimilco and texcoco but the number is unknown and no currently available archeological findings confirm this for the reconsecration of great pyramid of tenochtitlan in 1487 dedicated to tlaloc and huitzilopochtli the aztecs reported that they sacrificed about 20 400 prisoners over the course of four days while accepted by some scholars this claim also has been considered aztec propaganda there were 19 altars in the city of tenochtitlan see also edit history of mexico city human sacrifice in aztec culture list of solar deities citations edit 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 cecilio a robelo 1985 diccionario de mitología nahoa in spanish editorial porrúa pp 193 194 1985 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 isbn 970 07 3149 9 guilhem olivier 2015 cacería sacrificio y poder en mesoamérica tras las huellas de mixcóatl serpiente de nube in spanish fondo de cultura económica isbn 978 607 16 3216 6 the teteo teochan retrieved 2023 06 20 bernal diaz del castillo 2012 the true history of the conquest of new spain hackett publishing company incorporated isbn 978 1 60384 817 6 karttunen frances 1992 an analytical dictionary of nahuatl university of oklahoma press pp 91 isbn 978 0 8061 2421 6 aunque el término ha sido traducido habitualmente como colibrí zurdo o colibrí del sur existe desacuerdo entorno al significado ya que el ōpōchtli parte izquierda es el modificado y no el modificador por estar a la derecha por lo que la traducción literal sería parte izquierda de colibrí ver por ejemplo f karttunen 1983 p 91 huitzilopochtli encyclopaedia britannica retrieved 14 may 2018 diego durán 1971 book of gods and rites translated by fernando horcasitas and doris heyden university of oklahoma press lccn 73 88147 for six months of the year the huitzitzilin is dead and for six it is alive and as i have said when it feels that winter is coming it goes to a perennial leafy tree and with its natural instinct seeks out a crack it stands upon a twig next to that crack pushes its beak into it as far as possible and stays there for six months of the year the entire duration of the winter nourishing itself with the essence of the tree it appears to be dead but at the advent of spring when the tree acquires new life and gives forth new leaves the little bird with the aid of the tree s life is reborn it goes from there to breed and consequently the indians say that it dies and is reborn 1 2 read kay almere 2000 mesoamerican mythology a guide to the gods heroes rituals and beliefs of mexico and central america oxford oxford university press p 193 isbn 978 0 19 514909 8 coe michael d 2008 mexico from the olmecs to the aztecs london thames hudson p 216 durán fray diego october 1994 1581 the history of the indies of new spain translated by heyden doris university of oklahoma press p 584 isbn 978 0 8061 2649 4 jordan david k january 23 2016 readings in classical nahuatl the murders of coatlicue and coyolxauhqui ucsd retrieved august 12 2016 1 2 coe michael d 2008 mexico from the olmecs to the aztecs london thames hudson p 217 the birth of huitzilopochtli patron god of the aztecs pdf porteau high school archived pdf from the original on 2022 10 09 retrieved 14 may 2018 j b bierlein living myths how myth gives meaning to human experience ballantine books 1999 read kay almere 2000 mesoamerican mythology a guide to the gods heroes rituals and beliefs of mexico and central america oxford oxford university press p 194 isbn 978 0 19 514909 8 brinton daniel 1890 rig veda americanus philadelphia pp 18 cite book cs1 maint location missing publisher link self sacrifice www mexicolore co uk retrieved 2023 06 20 1 2 huitzilopochtli aztec god of war sun worship britannica retrieved 2023 06 20 bernardino de sahagún historia general de las cosas de la nueva españa op cit p 76 sahagún ibid carrasco david 1982 quetzalcoatl and the irony of empire myths and prophecies in the aztec tradition chicago university of chicago press isbn 978 0226094878 oclc 8626972 duverger christian 2005 la flor letal economía del sacrificio azteca fondo de cultura económica pp 83 93 boone elizabeth incarnations of the aztec supernatural the image of huitzilopochtli in mexico and europe transactions of the american philosophical society 79 smith michael e 2011 the aztecs john wiley sons 1 2 3 carrasco david 1982 quetzalcoatl and the irony of the empire boulder colorado the university of chicago press p 167 isbn 978 0226094878 diego durán book of gods and rites cartwright mark huitzilopochtli world history encyclopedia retrieved 14 may 2018 coe michael d 2008 mexico from the olmecs to the aztecs london thames hudson p 221 1 2 carrasco david 1982 quetzalcoatl and the irony of the empire boulder colorado university of chicago press p 167 isbn 978 0226094878 diaz de castillo bernal the true history of the conquest of new spain p 206 diaz says that upon hearing of cortezes victory over the cholullans he immediately ordered a number of indians to be sacrificed to the warrior god huitzilopochtli read kay almere 2000 mesoamerican mythology a guide to the gods heroes rituals and beliefs of mexico and central america oxford oxford university press p 193 isbn 978 0 19 514909 8 coe michael d 2008 mexico from the olmecs to the aztecs london thames hudson p 211 coe michael d 2008 mexico from the olmecs to the aztecs london thames hudson p 204 broda johanna 2001 cosmovision ritual e identidad de los pueblos indigenas de mexico fondo de cultura economica usa isbn 9789681661786 de san anton munon chimalpahin don domingo 1997 codex chimalpahin volume 2 society and politics in mexico tenochtitlan tlatelolco texcoco culhuacan and other nahua altepetl in central mexico oklahoma university of oklahoma press isbn 9780806129501 coe michael d 2008 mexico from the olmecs to the aztecs london thames hudson p 187 read kay almere 2000 mesoamerican mythologies a guide to the gods heroes rituals and beliefs of mexico and central america oxford oxford university press p 193 1 2 sahagún bernardino florentine codex miguel leon portilla book iii chapter 1 who are the deities of war and battle about com religion spirituality archived from the original on 2011 09 18 retrieved 2017 02 11 read key almere 2000 mesoamerican mythology a guide to the gods heroes rituals and beliefs of mexico and central america oxford oxford university press p 195 isbn 978 0 19 514909 8 god of the month huitzilopochtli mexicolore general and cited references edit andrews j richard 2003 introduction to classical nahuatl revised ed norman university of oklahoma press isbn 978 0 8061 3452 9 oclc 50090230 boone elizabeth hill 1989 incarnations of the aztec supernatural the image of huitzilopochtli in mexico and europe transactions of the american philosophical society vol 79 part 2 philadelphia american philosophical society isbn 978 0 87169 792 9 oclc 20141678 brinton daniel g ed 1890 rig veda americanus sacred songs of the ancient mexicans with a gloss in nahuatl project gutenberg ebook 14993 online reproduction brinton s library of aboriginal american literature no viii in english and nahuatl philadelphia d g brinton oclc 6979651 de san anton munon chimalpahin don domingo 1997 codex chimalpahin volume 2 society and politics in mexico tenochtitlan tlatelolco texcoco culhuacan and other nahua altepetl in central mexico oklahoma university of oklahoma press isbn 978 0 8061 2950 1 broda johanna 2001 cosmovision ritual e identidad de los pueblos indigenas de mexico fondo de cultura economica usa isbn 978 968 16 6178 6 carrasco david 1982 quetzalcoatl and the irony of empire myths and prophecies in the aztec tradition chicago university of chicago press isbn 978 0 226 09487 8 oclc 0226094871 coe michael d rex koontz 2008 mexico from the olmecs to the aztecs london thames hudson isbn 978 0 500 28755 2 oclc 2008901003 díaz del castillo bernal 1963 1632 the conquest of new spain penguin classics translated by j m cohen 6th printing 1973 ed harmondsworth england penguin books isbn 978 0 14 044123 9 oclc 162351797 cite book isbn date incompatibility help diego durán 1971 book of gods and rites translated by fernando horcasitas and doris heyden university of oklahoma press lccn 73 88147 elzey wayne 1991 a hill on a land surrounded by water an aztec story of origin and destiny history of religions 31 2 105 149 klein cecelia f 2008 a new interpretation of the aztec statue called coatlicue snakes her skirt ethnohistory 55 2 miller mary karl taube 1993 the gods and symbols of ancient mexico and the maya an illustrated dictionary of mesoamerican religion london thames hudson isbn 978 0 500 05068 2 oclc 27667317 quiñones keber eloise 1995 codex telleriano remensis ritual divination and history in a pictorial aztec manuscript michel besson illus austin university of texas press isbn 978 0 292 76901 4 oclc 29600936 read kay almere 1998 time and sacrifice in the aztec cosmos bloomington indiana university press isbn 978 0 253 33400 8 oclc 37909790 read kay almere jason j gonzález 2002 handbook of mesoamerican mythology a guide to the gods heroes rituals and beliefs of mexico and central america oxford and new york oxford university press isbn 978 0 19 514909 8 oclc 77857686 sahagún bernardino de 1950 82 ca 1540 85 florentine codex general history of the things of new spain 13 vols in 12 vols i xii charles e dibble and arthur j o anderson eds trans notes and illus translation of historia general de las cosas de la nueva españa ed santa fe nm and salt lake city school of american research and the university of utah press isbn 978 0 87480 082 1 oclc 276351 cite book isbn date incompatibility help spence lewis 1913 the myths of mexico and peru online reproduction ed london g g harrap and co oclc 710093 retrieved 2008 05 14 taube karl a 1993 aztec and maya myths 4th university of texas printing ed austin university of texas press isbn 978 0 292 78130 6 oclc 29124568 wimmer alexis 2006 dictionnaire de la langue nahuatl classique online version incorporating reproductions from dictionnaire de la langue nahuatl ou mexicaine 1885 by rémi siméon in french and nahuatl external links edit the gods and goddesses of the aztecs short description and an image v t e aztec mythology primordials ōmeteōtl ometēcuthli and omecihuātl or tōnacātēcuhtli and tōnacācihuātl creator gods four tezcatlipocas huītzilōpōchtli quetzalcoatl tezcatlipoca xipe totec or camaxtle deities lords of the night centeōtl chalchiuhtlicue cinteotl mictlāntēcutli piltzintecuhtli tepēyōllōtl tezcatlipoca see creator gods tláloc tlazōlteōtl xiuhtecuhtli lords of the day citlālicue mictēcacihuātl nanahuatzin tlāhuizcalpantecuhtli tlaltecuhtli tōnatiuh acolnahuacatl acuecueyotl see chalchiuhtlicue atlahua atlacoya chalchiuhtotolin chantico chicomecōātl chīmalmā cihuacōātl cihuatecayotl cipactonal cōātlīcue coyolxāuhqui ehecatl huēhuecoyōtl huitztlampaehecatl huixtocihuatl ilamatecuhtli ītzpāpālōtl itzpapalotlcihuatl itzpapalotltotec itztlacoliuhqui ixtlilton macuiltochtli macuilxochitl malinalxochitl mayahuel metztli mictlanpachecatl mixcoatl opochtli oxomoco painal patecatl tēcciztēcatl temazcalteci tepoztēcatl tlacotzontli tlalocayotl tlilhua toci toltecatl tonantzin xilonen xiuhcōātl xōchipilli xōchiquetzal xochitlicue xolotl yacatecuhtli zacatzontli groups ahuiateteo centzonmīmixcōa centzonhuītznāhua centzon tōtōchtin cintēteo cihuateteo civateteo ehecatotontli tiānquiztli tzitzimitl xiuhtotontli places anahuac aztlán cemanahuac chicomoztoc huēyi teōcalli mictlān the underworld tamoanchan teotihuacan thirteen heavens tlālōcān tlillan tlapallan tōllān beliefs and practice five suns the stinking corpse use of entheogens codices aubin codex aubin manuscript no 20 aubin tonalamatl codex azcatitlan codices azoyú i ii badianus manuscript codices becker i ii boban aztec calendar wheel codex bodley codex borbonicus codex borgia codex boturini mapas de cuauhtinchan 1 4 codex chimalpahin codex chimalpopoca codex colombino codex cospi codex cozcatzin codex dresden codex durán codex fejérváry mayer codex florentine codex huamantla códice de huichapan codex huexotzinco humboldt fragment 1 codex ixtlilxochitl codex laud lienzo antonio de león lienzo de coixtlahuaca i ii lienzo de santa maría nativitas lienzo de santiago ihuitlan lienzo de zacatepec i ii codex madrid codex magliabechiano matrícula de tributos codex mexicanus crónica mexicayotl códice maya de méxico codex osuna oztoticpac lands map of texcoco paris codex plano en papel de maguey primeros memoriales codex porfirio díaz mapa quinatzin codex ramírez codex reese relación de michoacán codex ríos romances de los señores de nueva españa codex santa maria asunción selden roll mapa sigüenza codex telleriano remensis tira de tepechpan anales de tlatelolco codex tlatelolco mapa tloztin historia tolteca chichimeca codex totomixtlahuaca codex tudela anales de tula codex vaticanus b codex vindobonensis mexicanus i codex xolotl codex zouche nuttall authority control databases viaf gnd retrieved from 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