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ficial effects in decreasing cholesterol level in rats 15 and insulin level 16 an estimated 97 of the total hilsa catch comes from bangladesh ilish production in the country increased by 92 from 2008 to 2023 17 since the 1900s numerous efforts have been made to breed and cultivate hilsa across south asia especially in india and bangladesh however no significant success has been achieved in completing the fish s life cycle in captivity 18 rice and hilsha fish fry with lentils and fried aubergine the fish is popular food among the people of south asia and in the middle east but especially with bengalis odias and telugus of coastal andhra citation needed bengali fish curry is a popular dish made with mustard oil or seed the bengalis commonly call this dish shorshe ilish citation needed it is very popular in bengal bangladesh and india s west bengal as well as in odisha tripura assam gujarat and andhra pradesh citation needed in bengal and odisha ilish can be smoked fried steamed or baked in young plantain leaves prepared with mustard seed paste curd aubergine different condiments like jira cumin and so on it is said that people can cook ilish in more than 50 ways 19 ilish roe is also popular as a side dish also ilish can be cooked in very little oil due to its natural oiliness 20 ilish collected from bangladesh is celebrated for its size and subtle taste 21 in north america where ilish is not always readily available other shad fish are sometimes used as an ilish substitute especially in bengali cuisine this typically occurs near the east coast of north america where fresh shad fish which tastes similar to ilish can be found citation needed in bangladesh fish are caught in the meghna jamuna delta 22 which flows into the bay of bengal meghna lower brahmaputra and jamuna rivers in india rupnarayan which has the kolaghater hilsa hooghly mahanadi 23 narmada and godavari rivers and the chilika lake are famous for their fish yields in the indian state of andhra pradesh hilsa takes on a special significance here the term pulasa refers specifically to the larger mature hilsa that migrate upstream along the godavari river this migratory journey is crucial as it is believed that the godavari s unique muddy waters contribute to the development of a richer flavour and firmer texture in the fish compared to hilsa caught elsewhere due to this perceived superior quality and its limited seasonal availability typically monsoon season pulasa commands a significantly higher price and cultural importance in andhra pradesh it is considered a rich delicacy often referred to as the king of fish in godavari areas and features in celebratory meals and as a prized gift the upstream migration itself is seen as a vital natural process and the pulasa a reward for the patient fishermen who wait for its arrival in pakistan most hilsa fish are caught in the indus river delta in sindh they are also caught in the sea but some consider the marine stage of the fish as not so tasty the fish has very sharp and tough bones making it problematic to eat for some citation needed overfishing edit due to the demand and popularity of this species overfishing is rampant fishes weighing around 2 to 3 kilograms have become rare in india as even the smaller fish are caught using finer fishing nets as production in bangladesh have increased 24 25 as a consequence of this prices of the fish have risen in the past ilish were not harvested between vijaya dashami and saraswati puja due to some informal customs of odia and bengali hindus as it is the breeding period of the fish but as disposable incomes grew wealthier consumers abandoned the old traditions 26 the advent of finer fishing nets advanced trawling techniques and environmental degradation of the rivers has worsened the situation fishermen have been ignoring calls to at least leave the juvenile jatka alone to repopulate the species the fishing of the young jatka is now illegal in bangladesh this ban however has resulted in a rise in unemployment as around 83 000 fishermen are unable to pursue their former livelihood for eight months every year it has also led to the creation of a black market where jatka are sold for exorbitant prices 27 furthermore the changes brought about by global warming have led to a gradual depletion of the ilish s breeding grounds reducing populations of the fish even further 28 pollution in rivers has worsened the situation but due to slightly better waters the fishes are found more near the bangladesh delta 25 owing to this situation ilish is used as a diplomatic trade item most recently in the distribution of covid 19 vaccines 29 bangladesh has regularly imposed restrictions on the export of ilish abroad citing its scarcity despite this prime minister sheikh hasina periodically lifted the ban to allow the annual export and gifted of 3 000 5 000 tonnes of fish to india during the durga puja popularly known as hilsa diplomacy since the fall of the hasina government the interim government of bangladesh has imposed a ban on ilish exports 30 which was partially lifted on 21 september 2024 to allow for the export of 3 000 tonnes of fish for durga puja 31 bangladesh edit abundance of hilsa fish in bangladesh in bangladesh about 2 5 million people are directly or indirectly involved in hilsa related sectors such as harvesting transportation marketing and retail the hilsa fish plays a major role in employment generation and poverty alleviation particularly in coastal and island regions 32 according to the iucn red list of bangladesh 2000 the hilsa fish is not currently considered a threatened species in the country 33 freshly caught ilish fish hilsa neatly arranged at a bustling local fish market in dhaka bangladesh however due to a decline in hilsa numbers the government imposed a ban in 2002 on catching both brood hilsa and juvenile hilsa jatka a fishing ban during the breeding season was also introduced 34 in 2008 09 the country produced 299 000 metric tons of hilsa which increased to 550 000 metric tons in 2019 20 this accounts for approximately 12 of total fish production in bangladesh the current market value is about 210 billion bdt as a result while hilsa production has declined in 10 other countries due to overfishing and pollution in bangladesh the catch has increased by 8 10 annually up to 2021 among the 11 hilsa producing nations bangladesh ranks first in the world 35 in the 2022 23 fiscal year hilsa production reached 565 000 metric tons in 2023 24 it rose slightly to 571 000 metric tons 36 hilsa contributes around 1 to bangladesh s gdp annual exports bring in nearly 3 billion bdt in foreign currency around 86 of the world s total hilsa catch comes from bangladesh hilsa fishes for sale at fish market in west bengal india over the past 10 years hilsa production has increased by 66 37 in 2023 bangladesh exported 1 300 metric tons of hilsa to india 38 comblike gill raker in the gill of tenualosa ilisha fishing bans are enforced in the following periods in india april 15 june 14 61 days varies by region in myanmar may 16 august 31 91 days in bangladesh may 20 july 23 65 days 39 in culture edit shorshe ilish a dish of smoked ilish with mustard seeds has been an important part of bengali cuisine ilish is the national fish of bangladesh 3 in andhra pradesh the saying goes pustelu ammi ayina pulasa tinocchu meaning roughly it s worth eating pulasa ilish even if you have to sell your mangala sutra 40 hilsa is also known as pulasa in godavari districts of the state the name pulasa stays with the fish for a limited period between july sept of a year when floods raise the godavari river this time the fish is in high demand and can sometimes reach about 100 per kilo 40 41 in many bengali hindu families a pair of ilish fishes bengali jora ilish are bought on auspicious days for example for special prayers or puja days like for the hindu goddess of music art and knowledge saraswati puja which takes place in the beginning of spring or on the day of lakshmi puja the goddess of wealth and prosperity which takes place in autumn 42 some people offer the fish to the goddess lakshmi without which the puja is sometimes thought to be incomplete it is often given as gifts bengali tattwa in bengali weddings ilish is fried on mustard oil hilsa is also known in sindh as pallo machi and is important part of sindhi cuisine prepared with numerous cooking methods it can be deep fried and garnished with local spices can be cooked with onions and potatoes into a traditional fish meal or barbequed the fish often has roe which is called aani in sindhi and is enjoyed as a delicacy it is often fried alongside the palla and served with the fish fillets 43 44 45 the rivalry of east bengal club and mohun bagan two football clubs of kolkata is celebrated by food when east bengal wins an ilish hilsha dish is cooked by the east bengal supporters similarly when mohun bagan wins a chingri prawn dish is prepared by the mohun bagan supporters 46 these items often occur in the tifos of these respective clubs see also edit bangladeshi cuisine bengali cuisine cuisine of odisha environmental impact of fishing references edit freyhof j 2014 tenualosa ilisha iucn red list of threatened species 2014 e t166442a1132697 doi 10 2305 iucn uk 2014 1 rlts t166442a1132697 en retrieved 19 november 2021 al khalaf k alam s almukhtar m bishop j abdulqader e alghawzi q al husaini m hartmann s kaymaram f 2015 tenualosa ilisha iucn red list of threatened species 2015 e t166442a75259795 1 2 webb lois sinaiko roten lindsay grace 2009 the multicultural cookbook for students abc clio isbn 978 0 313 37559 0 state fishes of india pdf national fisheries development board government of india retrieved 25 december 2020 1 2 chakraborty hena debroy piyashi kunui arghya nandy saurav kumar jana chayna sahoo amiya kumar das basanta kumar 7 february 2024 hilsa fisheries in india a socio economic analysis of fishers in deltaic ganga region of river 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lipid profile and glycaemic status of streptozotocin treated type 1 diabetic rats clin exp pharmacol physiol 31 1 2 76 81 doi 10 1111 j 1440 1681 2004 03953 x pmid 14756688 s2cid 25883400 cite journal cs1 maint deprecated archival service link hilsa production increased by 92 in 15 years fisheries minister the business standard 11 october 2023 retrieved 19 september 2024 sahoo amiya kumar wahab md abdul phillips michael rahman anisur padiyar arun puvanendran velmurugu bangera rama belton ben de dilip kumar meena dharmendra kumar behera bijay kumar sharma anil prakash bhaumik utpal mohanty bimal prasanna choudhury sampurna roy 4 april 2016 breeding and culture status of hilsa tenualosa ilisha ham 1822 in south asia a review reviews in aquaculture 10 1 96 110 doi 10 1111 raq 12149 issn 1753 5123 216 easy and tasty hilsa recipes by home cooks cookpad retrieved 26 october 2023 karmakar rekha 9 september 2015 a fish lover s guide to cooking hilsa www indiafoodnetwork in retrieved 26 october 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নেই in bengali deutsche welle 22 june 2021 retrieved 25 september 2021 fish diplomacy setback for india and bangladesh bbc 11 september 2024 retrieved 11 september 2024 fishy business caught by fraying india bangladesh ties france 24 24 september 2024 retrieved 24 september 2024 hilsa s growing economic contribution jugantor october 6 2019 ataur rahman a k october 2009 freshwater fishes in ahmed zia uddin abu tayeb abu ahmad humayun kabir syed mohammad ahmad monaowar eds bangladesh encyclopedia of flora and fauna vol 23 1st ed dhaka asiatic society of bangladesh pp 23 24 hilsa goes to india prices rise in bangladesh dw dw com in bengali retrieved 25 september 2021 hilsa production leads the world jugantor august 28 2021 যে কারণে ছোট হয়ে আসছে বাংলাদেশের ইলিশ 12 july 2024 hilsa s major contribution to the economy jugantor october 9 2021 এবার বাংলাদেশের কাছে ইলিশ পাঠানোর আবদার ভারতের বাংলাদেশে নিষেধাজ্ঞা ইলিশ নিয়ে যাচ্ছে ভারতের জেলেরা বাংলাদেশ 1 2 what the fish godavari pulasa selling for rs 4 000 per kg t...