Meta tags:

Headings (most frequently used words):

infiltration, hvac, contents, measures, as, ventilation, air, controlling, energy, saving, see, also, references,

Text of the page (most frequently used words):
air (55), #ventilation (31), the (29), and (28), infiltration (25), building (21), heat (20), heating (14), energy (11), edit (10), thermal (9), heater (9), cooling (9), hvac (8), solar (8), fan (8), pump (8), for (8), wikipedia (7), ashrae (7), valve (7), volume (7), conditioning (7), typically (7), with (6), mechanical (6), engineering (6), exhaust (6), gas (6), rate (6), ach (6), per (6), page (5), refrigeration (5), passive (5), duct (5), standard (5), buildings (5), compressor (5), forced (5), changes (5), can (5), contents (4), search (4), this (4), template (4), also (4), indoor (4), quality (4), leakage (4), architectural (4), radiator (4), thermostat (4), pressure (4), room (4), control (4), smoke (4), damper (4), barrier (4), water (4), recovery (4), hour (4), than (4), that (4), outside (4), hide (4), move (4), sidebar (4), view (3), contact (3), about (3), terms (3), was (3), from (3), see (3), testing (3), balancing (3), refrigerant (3), temperature (3), psychrometrics (3), system (3), door (3), flow (3), switch (3), ground (3), source (3), boiler (3), vapor (3), radiant (3), comfort (3), consumption (3), envelope (3), residences (3), third (3), through (3), other (3), exchange (3), called (3), less (3), article (3), reduced (3), cfm (3), into (3), tools (3), main (3), languages (2), toggle (2), table (2), safety (2), privacy (2), policy (2), using (2), inc (2), use (2), categories (2), short (2), description (2), wikidata (2), plumbing (2), home (2), automation (2), fire (2), handbook (2), sick (2), syndrome (2), kitchen (2), cleaning (2), deep (2), information (2), services (2), thermostatic (2), programmable (2), minimum (2), efficiency (2), infrared (2), blower (2), house (2), low (2), expansion (2), ductwork (2), space (2), coil (2), plenum (2), conditioner (2), inverter (2), high (2), pipe (2), exchanger (2), hood (2), fireplace (2), filter (2), unit (2), convection (2), variable (2), compression (2), underfloor (2), distribution (2), insulation (2), free (2), district (2), chilled (2), central (2), absorption (2), stack (2), effect (2), out (2), american (2), society (2), refrigerating (2), engineers (2), atlanta (2), references (2), natural (2), one (2), windows (2), wind (2), often (2), rates (2), are (2), reduce (2), help (2), savings (2), construction (2), saving (2), considered (2), via (2), cracks (2), controlling (2), not (2), used (2), fans (2), known (2), measures (2), appearance (2), upload (2), file (2), links (2), history (2), read (2), log (2), create (2), account (2), donate (2), menu (2), add, topic, mobile, cookie, statement, statistics, developers, code, conduct, legal, contacts, disclaimers, text, available, under, additional, may, apply, site, you, agree, registered, trademark, non, profit, organization, wikimedia, foundation, creative, commons, attribution, sharealike, license, rendered, parsoid, last, edited, july, 2025, utc, hidden, different, articles, sustainable, retrieved, https, org, index, php, title, infiltration_, oldid, 1298750470, protection, world, day, warm, spaces, glossary, fireproofing, science, voc, volatile, organic, compound, sbs, smoking, iaq, health, umc, smacna, leed, iir, institute, cibse, bsria, bre, astm, international, amca, ahri, industry, organizations, adjusting, reclamation, mold, growth, assessment, remediation, electrical, hydronic, environmental, retrofit, bim, modeling, technologist, acoustics, professions, trades, thermographic, camera, stp, smart, communicating, opentherm, ntp, normal, merv, reporting, value, lonworks, intelligent, thermometer, humidistat, monitor, detector, cadr, clean, delivery, carbon, dioxide, sensor, bacnet, aquastat, meter, measurement, zone, wood, burning, stove, windcatcher, whole, ulpa, ultra, particulate, turning, vanes, turboswing, trombe, wall, trickle, vent, wheel, canopy, assisted, chimney, scroll, sail, run, around, reversing, register, recuperator, reflector, process, work, pressurisation, packaged, terminal, oil, louver, kerosene, humidifier, cut, off, glandless, circulating, hepa, film, coupled, grille, grease, gasoline, furnace, fume, freon, flue, freeze, stat, insert, tank, evaporator, evaporative, cooler, electrostatic, precipitator, economizer, dehumidifier, tower, condensing, condenser, condensate, chiller, ceramic, centrifugal, blast, back, automatic, attic, purifier, mixing, ionizer, handler, components, recycling, vrf, vav, vcrs, thermosiphon, combisystem, renewable, raised, floor, radon, mitigation, daytime, radiative, microgeneration, mixed, mode, ice, storage, hydronics, hybrid, hrv, firestop, erv, electric, displacement, dcv, demand, controlled, doas, dedicated, outdoor, cross, coolant, cav, constant, beam, materials, autonomous, automobile, antifreeze, refrigerator, technology, vapour, thermodynamics, mass, destratification, sensible, particulates, outgassing, noise, latent, humidity, transfer, cycle, fluid, dynamics, enthalpy, domestic, dilution, bake, fundamental, concepts, 2005, fundamentals, green, architecture, typical, modern, due, another, remainder, losses, gains, walls, such, reducing, yield, significant, rapid, payback, cold, climates, mph, have, achs, far, excess, needs, thus, very, easy, candles, tests, identify, obvious, leaks, describes, methods, further, below, recommended, implemented, weatherization, loose, loads, because, uncontrolled, admits, unconditioned, generally, undesirable, except, purposes, minimized, dust, increase, decrease, all, sealing, new, major, renovations, installing, continuous, where, provided, their, designers, choose, slightly, pressurize, admitting, more, exhausting, dramatically, retarders, many, smaller, introduce, instead, openable, openings, provide, least, change, adopted, 2004, clarifies, requirements, rise, specifies, required, houses, accomplished, running, constantly, periodically, finished, structures, measured, directly, tracer, leak, hourly, divided, calculated, multiplying, then, dividing, volumetric, cubic, feet, minute, liters, second, lps, number, interior, occur, has, units, unintentional, accidental, introduction, doors, passage, sometimes, intentionally, caused, negative, pressurization, commonly, buoyancy, forces, exfiltration, encyclopedia, item, projects, printable, version, download, pdf, print, export, legacy, parser, get, shortened, url, cite, permanent, link, related, what, here, general, actions, english, talk, français, فارسی, top, personal, special, pages, recent, community, portal, learn, contribute, random, current, events, navigation, jump, content,

Text of the page (random words):
infiltration hvac wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 infiltration measures 2 infiltration as ventilation air 3 controlling infiltration 4 energy saving 5 see also 6 references toggle the table of contents infiltration hvac 3 languages فارسی français 中文 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia leakage of outside air into a building infiltration is the unintentional or accidental introduction of outside air into a building typically through cracks in the building envelope and through use of doors for passage 1 infiltration is sometimes called air leakage the leakage of room air out of a building intentionally or not is called exfiltration infiltration is caused by wind negative pressurization of the building and by air buoyancy forces known commonly as the stack effect infiltration measures edit the infiltration rate is the volumetric flow rate of outside air into a building typically in cubic feet per minute cfm or liters per second lps the air exchange rate i is the number of interior volume air changes that occur per hour and has units of 1 h the air exchange rate is also known as air changes per hour ach ach is the hourly ventilation rate divided by the building volume it can be calculated by multiplying the building s cfm by 60 and then dividing by the building volume cfm x 60 volume infiltration in finished structures can often be measured directly by using tracer gas leak testing infiltration as ventilation air edit in many smaller buildings forced or mechanical ventilation is not used to introduce ventilation air instead natural ventilation via openable windows and other openings exhaust fans and infiltration are used to provide ventilation air typically at least one third air change per hour is considered the minimum ashrae standard 62 2 was adopted in 2004 it clarifies the ventilation air requirements for low rise residences the standard specifies that forced ventilation is required in houses with infiltration less than 0 35 ach 2 this is typically accomplished with heat recovery ventilation or exhaust fans running constantly or periodically controlling infiltration edit because infiltration is uncontrolled and admits unconditioned air it is generally considered undesirable except for ventilation air purposes typically infiltration is minimized to reduce dust to increase thermal comfort and to decrease energy consumption for all buildings infiltration can be reduced via sealing cracks in a building s envelope and for new construction or major renovations by installing continuous air retarders in buildings where forced ventilation is provided their hvac designers typically choose to slightly pressurize the buildings by admitting more outside air than exhausting so that infiltration is dramatically reduced energy saving edit in typical modern u s residences about one third of the hvac energy consumption is due to infiltration another third is to ground contact and the remainder is to heat losses and gains through windows walls and other thermal loads as such reducing infiltration can yield significant energy savings with rapid payback in cold climates with a 15 mph wind residences often have air exchange rates of 1 0 to 1 5 achs far in excess of the ventilation air needs and are thus called loose construction it is very easy to reduce infiltration rates to less than 1 0 ach smoke candles and blower door tests can help identify less than obvious leaks the weatherization article describes methods for energy savings further if infiltration is reduced below 0 35 ach it is recommended that mechanical ventilation typically an exhaust fan or heat recovery ventilation be implemented 3 see also edit vapor barrier ventilation architecture natural ventilation indoor air quality thermal comfort sick building syndrome heating ventilation and air conditioning psychrometrics mechanical engineering architectural engineering green building references edit fundamentals volume of the ashrae handbook ch 27 ashrae inc 2005 ventilation for indoor air quality ashrae standard 62 89 american society of heating refrigerating and air conditioning engineers atlanta ga ventilation for indoor air quality ashrae standard 62 89 american society of heating refrigerating and air conditioning engineers atlanta ga v t e heating ventilation and air conditioning fundamental concepts air changes per hour ach bake out building envelope convection dilution domestic energy consumption enthalpy fluid dynamics gas compressor heat pump and refrigeration cycle heat transfer humidity infiltration latent heat noise control outgassing particulates psychrometrics sensible heat stack effect thermal comfort thermal destratification thermal mass thermodynamics vapour pressure of water technology absorption compression heat pump absorption refrigerator air barrier air conditioning antifreeze automobile air conditioning autonomous building building insulation materials central heating central solar heating chilled beam chilled water constant air volume cav coolant cross ventilation dedicated outdoor air system doas deep water source cooling demand controlled ventilation dcv displacement ventilation district cooling district heating electric heating energy recovery ventilation erv firestop forced air forced air gas free cooling heat recovery ventilation hrv hybrid heat hydronics ice storage air conditioning kitchen ventilation mixed mode ventilation microgeneration passive cooling passive daytime radiative cooling passive house passive ventilation radiant heating and cooling radiant cooling radiant heating radon mitigation raised floor refrigeration renewable heat room air distribution solar air heat solar combisystem solar cooling solar heating thermal insulation thermosiphon underfloor air distribution underfloor heating vapor barrier vapor compression refrigeration vcrs variable air volume vav variable refrigerant flow vrf ventilation water heat recycling components air conditioner inverter air door air filter air handler air ionizer air mixing plenum air purifier air source heat pump attic fan automatic balancing valve back boiler barrier pipe blast damper boiler centrifugal fan ceramic heater chiller condensate pump condenser condensing boiler convection heater compressor cooling tower damper dehumidifier duct economizer electrostatic precipitator evaporative cooler evaporator exhaust hood expansion tank fan fan coil unit fan filter unit fan heater fire damper fireplace fireplace insert freeze stat flue freon fume hood furnace gas compressor gas heater gasoline heater grease duct grille ground coupled heat exchanger ground source heat pump heat exchanger heat pipe heat pump heating film heating system hepa high efficiency glandless circulating pump high pressure cut off switch humidifier infrared heater inverter compressor kerosene heater louver mechanical room oil heater packaged terminal air conditioner plenum space pressurisation ductwork process duct work radiator radiator reflector recuperator refrigerant register reversing valve run around coil sail switch scroll compressor solar chimney solar assisted heat pump space heater smoke canopy smoke damper smoke exhaust ductwork thermal expansion valve thermal wheel thermostatic radiator valve trickle vent trombe wall turboswing turning vanes ultra low particulate air ulpa whole house fan windcatcher wood burning stove zone valve measurement and control air flow meter aquastat bacnet blower door building automation carbon dioxide sensor clean air delivery rate cadr control valve gas detector home energy monitor humidistat hvac control system infrared thermometer intelligent buildings lonworks minimum efficiency reporting value merv normal temperature and pressure ntp opentherm programmable communicating thermostat programmable thermostat psychrometrics room temperature smart thermostat standard temperature and pressure stp thermographic camera thermostat thermostatic radiator valve professions trades and services architectural acoustics architectural engineering architectural technologist building services engineering building information modeling bim deep energy retrofit duct cleaning duct leakage testing environmental engineering hydronic balancing kitchen exhaust cleaning mechanical engineering mechanical electrical and plumbing mold growth assessment and remediation refrigerant reclamation testing adjusting balancing industry organizations ahri amca ashrae astm international bre bsria cibse institute of refrigeration iir leed smacna umc health and safety indoor air quality iaq passive smoking sick building syndrome sbs volatile organic compound voc see also ashrae handbook building science fireproofing glossary of hvac terms warm spaces world refrigeration day template fire protection template home automation template plumbing template solar energy retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title infiltration_ hvac oldid 1298750470 categories ventilation sustainable building hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata this page was last edited on 4 july 2025 at 12 37 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search toggle the table of contents infiltration hvac 3 languages add topic