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insecure direct object reference wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 examples 2 references toggle the table of contents insecure direct object reference 3 languages français 日本語 lombard edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia type of access control vulnerability in digital security insecure direct object reference idor is a type of access control vulnerability in digital security 1 this can occur when a web application or application programming interface that authenticated the user to use the website uses an identifier for direct access to an object in an internal database but does not check for access control or authentication for the file transfer for example if the request url sent to a web site directly uses an easily enumerated unique identifier such as https example com document 1234 this can provide an exploit for unintended access to all records even if the web application uses complex identifiers a lack of access control checks can allow an attacker to access unauthorized objects if they obtain the identifier from elsewhere 2 a directory traversal attack is considered a special case of an idor 3 the vulnerability is of such significant concern that for many years it was listed as one of the open web application security project s owasp top 10 vulnerabilities 4 consecutive ids can be changed into dark keys using several techniques 5 examples edit in november 2020 the firm silent breach identified an idor vulnerability with the united states department of defense website and privately reported it via the dod s vulnerability disclosure program the bug was fixed by adding a user session mechanism to the account system which would require authenticating on the site first 6 it was reported that the parler social networking service used sequential post identifiers and that this had enabled the scraping of terabytes of data from the service in january 2021 the researcher responsible for the project has said that this was inaccurate 7 8 references edit insecure direct object references idor web security academy portswigger net retrieved 2021 01 12 insecure direct object reference prevention cheat sheet owasp retrieved 2026 09 16 cite web cs1 maint url status link karande chetan securing node applications 4 insecure direct object references o reilly retrieved 2021 01 12 solomon howard 2021 01 12 common development error likely led to huge parler data theft says expert financial post retrieved 2021 01 12 contieri maximiliano 2025 05 17 refactoring 028 replace consecutive ids with dark keys clean code cookbook retrieved 2025 05 17 cimpanu catalin bug hunter wins researcher of the month award for dod account takeover bug zdnet retrieved 2021 01 12 greenberg andy january 12 2021 an absurdly basic bug let anyone grab all of parler s data wired archived from the original on january 12 2021 retrieved january 12 2021 donk_enby january 30 2021 also a lot of the news coverage claimed the post ids were sequential they were not but https github com d0nk parler tricks blob main parler conversion py l22 this endpoint only existed in their ios app and afaik wasn t actually used for anything tweet archived from the original on january 30 2021 retrieved february 12 2021 via twitter this computer security article is a stub you can help wikipedia by adding missing information v t e retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title insecure_direct_object_reference oldid 1375166219 categories web security exploits hacking computer security computer security stubs hidden categories articles with short description short description matches wikidata cs1 maint url status all stub articles this page was last edited on 16 september 2026 at 04 48 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search toggle the table of contents insecure direct object reference 3 languages add topic