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မိညော်, ကြောင်, kyaung, nyaw, nasal, oʊɴ, stop, oʊʔ, closed, weak, open, syllables, ိတ်, ိပ်, ိုက်, initial, palatal, jɛʔ, ျက်, aɪɴ, ိမ်, ိန်, ိုင်, ျင်, notes, rhyme, correspondences, follow, patterns, furthermore, merged, there, voicing, presence, aspirated, unaspirated, consonants, instance, buddha, pronounced, but, likely, due, influence, poʊʔtʰa̰, boʊʔda̰, ဗုဒ္ဓ, ground, မ္လိယ်, mlè, မ္လေ, mjè, မြေ, characterized, retention, medial, following, clusters, examples, include, ပ္လည်, plḛ, ပ္လည့်, pjḛ, ပြည့်, kʰl, pʰl, hml, respectively, latter, whom, descendants, who, migrated, while, differ, respect, certain, phonemes, few, hundred, led, increasing, 100, each, convergence, bamar, inth1238, glottolog, int, dnv, iso, 639, codes, see, family, 200, cited, 2000, speakers, ethnicity, dənuʔ, group, free, encyclopedia, item, projects, printable, version, download, print, export, switch, legacy, parser, get, shortened, url, cite, information, permanent, link, related, what, here, general, 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intha danu language wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 phonology 2 rhymes 3 vocabulary toggle vocabulary subsection 3 1 kinship terms 4 writing system 5 references toggle the table of contents intha danu language 5 languages brezhoneg bahasa indonesia piemontèis ไทย 中文 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia burmish dialect group intha danu pronunciation dənuʔ native to burma region inle lake shan state ethnicity intha danu native speakers ca 200 000 cited 2000 2007 1 language family sino tibetan tibeto burman lolo burmese burmish southern see burmese dialects intha danu dialects danu intha language codes iso 639 3 either dnv danu int intha glottolog inth1238 intha and danu are southern burmish languages of shan state burma spoken respectively by the intha and danu people the latter of whom are bamar descendants who migrated to inle lake in shan state considered to be dialects of burmese by the government of myanmar danu has 93 lexical similarity with standard burmese while intha has 95 lexical similarity with standard burmese 2 intha and danu differ from standard burmese with respect to pronunciation of certain phonemes and few hundred local vocabulary terms 3 language contact has led to increasing convergence with standard burmese 3 both are spoken by about 100 000 people each 1 phonology edit both danu and intha are characterized by retention of the l medial for the following consonant clusters in intha kl kʰl pl pʰl ml hml examples include full standard burmese ပြည့် pjḛ ပ္လည့် plḛ from old burmese ပ္လည် ground standard burmese မြေ mjè မ္လေ mlè from old burmese မ္လိယ် there is no voicing with the presence of either aspirated or unaspirated consonants for instance ဗုဒ္ဓ buddha is pronounced boʊʔda̰ in standard burmese but poʊʔtʰa̰ in intha this is likely due to the influence of the shan language furthermore သ θ in standard burmese has merged to sʰ ဆ in intha rhymes edit rhyme correspondences to standard burmese follow these patterns 4 written burmese standard burmese intha notes ျင် င် ɪɴ ɛɴ ဉ် ɪɴ ɪɴ ိမ် ိန် ိုင် eɪɴ eɪɴ aɪɴ eɪɴ ျက် က် jɛʔ ɛʔ aʔ တ် ပ် aʔ ɛʔ ည် ɛ e i e i if initial is a palatal consonant ိတ် ိပ် ိုက် eɪʔ eɪʔ aɪʔ aɪʔ rhymes open syllables weak ə full i e ɛ a ɔ o u closed nasal ɪɴ eɪɴ ɛɴ aɴ ɔɴ oʊɴ ʊɴ stop ɪʔ aɪʔ ɛʔ aʔ ɔʔ oʊʔ ʊʔ vocabulary edit danu has noticeable vocabulary differences from standard burmese spanning areas such as kinship terms food flora and fauna and daily objects 5 for example the danu term for cat is mi nyaw မိညော် not kyaung ကြောင် as in standard burmese 5 kinship terms edit term standard burmese danu father အဖေ အဘ grandfather အဘိုး ဘကြီး grandmother အဘွား မေကြီး mother အမေ အမေ stepmother မိထွေး အဒေါ် elder brother အစ်ကို ကိုရင် elder sister အစ်မ မမ brother in law 6 ခဲအို အနောင် uncle ဦးလေး အမင်း writing system edit danu and intha are written using the burmese alphabet between 2013 and 2014 the taunggyi branch of the danu literature and culture committee invented a new alphabet to transcribe the danu language taking inspiration from both the pyu and burmese scripts found on stone inscriptions 7 within the danu self administered zone saz adoption of this script remains divisive with other township branches of the committee and politicians firmly opposed to its usage arguing that the need for a specific danu script is unjustified since danu is a burmese dialect 7 3 the script is currently not accepted by the danu saz s administration 3 these recent developments have also prompted some actors in the intha community to invent their own scripts 3 references edit 1 2 danu at ethnologue 21st ed 2018 intha at ethnologue 21st ed 2018 myanmar languages pdf ethnologue 2016 07 24 1 2 3 4 5 salem gervais nicolas raynaud mael 2020 teaching ethnic minority languages in government schools and developing the local curriculum elements of decentralization in language in education policy pdf yangon konrad adenauer stiftung pp 144 146 isbn 978 99971 0 558 5 barron sandy john okell saw myat yin kenneth vanbik arthur swain emma larkin anna j allott kirsten ewers 2007 refugees from burma their backgrounds and refugee experiences pdf report center for applied linguistics pp 16 17 archived from the original pdf on 2011 04 27 retrieved 2010 08 20 1 2 ခင်စန္ဒာတိုး 2018 နောင်ချိုဒေသရှိ ဓနုဒေသိယစကားမှ နေ့စဉ်သုံးစကားများလေ့လာချက် pdf journal of the myanmar academy of arts and science in burmese xvi 6b elder sister s husband or husband s elder brother 1 2 teaching ethnic languages cultures and histories in government schools today great opportunities giant pitfalls part ii tea circle 2018 10 02 retrieved 2023 04 01 v t e sino tibetan languages sinitic chinese mandarin yue hakka min wu hui gan xiang jin pinghua bai cai long caijia longjia luren tibeto burman bodish tibetan central amdo khams dzongkha ladakhi balti lahuli spiti kyirong kagate sherpa jirel east bodish tshangla basum nam burmo qiangic lolo burmese burmish burmese standard intha danu rakhine tavoyan achang lhao vo lashi zaiwa mondzish loloish qiangic gyalrongic ersuic naic greater magaric magaric magar kham chepangic chepang bhujel raji raute dura tandrange naga ao angami pochuri meitei tangkhulic western naga zeliangrong sal boro garo konyak jingpho luish gongduk ʼole kho bwa puroik tani chamdo tujia nungish karenic gong kathu west himalayish tamangic newaric newar baram thangmi kiranti dhimalish dhimal toto lhokpu lepcha karbi kuki chin miju mruic mru hkongso pyu taman bailang proposed groupings central tibeto burman kuki chin naga macro bai mahakiranti rung tibeto kanauri proto languages proto sino tibetan proto tibeto burman proto loloish proto karenic proto min proto hakka italics indicates single languages that are also considered to be separate branches v t e lolo burmese languages mondzish kathu kathu nuclear mondzish maang manga mango mantsi maza muangphe mauphu motang mongphu loloish yi ngwi southern loloish southern ngwi hanoish hanoid akha akha chepya muteun muda hani hani nuomei nuobi lami luomian angluo guohe guozuo gehuo yiche qidi kabie haoni honi woni baihong bukong budu suobi duoni duota asuo amu bisoid bisu laomian laopin pyen phunoi sinsali cantan cốông sangkong tsukong laopan laoseng phongku phongset phunyot cauho bantang khongsat habei siloid sila khir cosao paza phana wanyä akeu luma gokhy bi ka piyo enu kaduo mpi mpi jino jino central loloish central ngwi lawoish lawu awu lewu lahoish lahu kucong nusoish nusu zauzou lisoish laloid lalo western yi yangliu eka mangdi xuzhang alu taloid talu lavu lang e tagu popei naruo kua nsi kuamasi laizisi zibusi sonaga gomotage lisu toloza lipo lolopo central yi mili hlersu micha lamu limi kazhuoish katso samu sanie sadu meuma nisoish northern loloish northern ngwi nisoid nosoid nuosu northern yi nyisu yellow yi nasoid nasu eastern yi chesu luoji gepo ku aluo southeastern loloish southeastern ngwi axi puoid nisu nisu southern yi lope sani azha sani southeastern yi axi azhe azha alingpo samei highland phula khlula muji muzi moji laghuu phowa phukha thopho zokhuo riverine phula phola phupa others pholo ache long xiqi ati adu burmish northern high northern achang lashi chashan zaiwa hpon hpon mid northern lhao vo maru pela southern intha danu intha danu nuclear southern burmese rakhine tavoyan pai lang pai lang proto languages proto loloish italics indicate extinct languages v t e burmese language stages old burmese middle burmese modern burmese dialects danu intha merguiese rakhine language ramree sandoway tavoyan yaw grammar and vocabulary phonology numerical classifiers units of measurement honorifics numerals postpositions pronouns kinship terms verbs literature royal chronicles dhammathat burmese poetry ainggyin égyin mawgun pyo yadu thanbauk yagan writing system alphabet braille romanization mlc transcription system ala lc romanization bgn pcgn romanization of burmese other topics burmese english myanmar language commission burmese names v t e languages of myanmar official languages burmese semiofficial language english indigenous languages by state or region chin kuki chin northwestern anāl lamkang moyon northeastern ngawn paite simte siyin tedim thadou vaiphei zo central bawm falam hakha mizo ngawn thor maraic lautu mara senthang zotung zyphe khomic khumi mro southern daai kaang khumi kʼchò laitu läoktü matu nga la shö songlai sumtu thaiphum uppu other anu hkongso kachin sino tibetan achang drung hpon jingpo lashi lhao vo lisu nusu rawang zaiwa other khamti nùng palaung tai laing kayah kayaw karenni kayin bwe karen geba karen pwo eastern western s gaw karen magway rungtu taungtha mon mon rakhine rakhine chakma laitu mro khimi mru rohingya sak sagaing sal khiamniungan konyak leinong makyam ponyo sak tangsa other akyaung ari anal koki makury long phuri para tangkhul shan austroasiatic blang danau palaung riang tai loi wa sino tibetan akeu akha danu geko karen intha lahta lahu pa o padaung pyen taungyo southwestern mandarin kra dai khün tai lue shan tai nuea hmong mien hmong njua tanintharyi malay moken s gaw tavoyan non indigenous immigrant language burmese hindi punjabi russian vietnamese working language english japanese korean sign languages burmese sign language retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title intha danu_language oldid 1367185138 category burmese language hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata language articles citing ethnologue 21 pages with plain ipa language articles with old speaker data articles containing burmese language text cs1 burmese language sources my this page was last edited on 1 august 2026 at 15 18 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search toggle the table of contents intha danu language 5 languages add topic