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iron star wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 xx oph and as 325 2 blue supergiant 3 iron black dwarf 4 in popular culture 5 see also 6 references toggle the table of contents iron star 24 languages العربية беларуская čeština чӑвашла deutsch esperanto español فارسی français עברית bahasa indonesia italiano 日本語 한국어 македонски polski português română русский ไทย türkçe українська tiếng việt 中文 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia astronomical category of stars this article is about a category of stars for iron cores of white dwarf stars see white dwarf iron core in astronomy the term iron star has been used for two observed types of star binary stars with highly variable emission and stellar spectral type fe a blue supergiant with a forest of forbidden fe ii lines in its spectrum it can also refer to the theorized iron black dwarf stellar remnant which forms in the very distant future xx oph and as 325 edit the term iron star was applied to a star called xx ophiuchi xx oph or merrill s iron star with a complex highly variable spectrum with a forest of fe ii emission lines first discovered in 1908 by williamina fleming it was studied over 30 years by paul w merrill the star is believed to be a non eclipsing binary star 1 a second binary star as 325 has a similar spectrum and complex spectral variability and has been characterized as the second iron star 2 blue supergiant edit other sources characterize an iron star as a type of blue supergiant which has a forest of forbidden fe ii lines in its spectrum they are potentially quiescent hot luminous blue variables eta carinae has been described as a prototypical example 3 4 iron black dwarf edit an iron black dwarf is a hypothetical iron core black dwarf which would only occur in the very distant future on the order of 10 1500 years assuming protons do not decay according to modeling calculations higher mass black dwarf stars would supernova becoming the last notable astronomical activity in the universe 5 in popular culture edit the soviet film the andromeda nebula is about a starship low on fuel caught by an iron star s gravity with the star itself being so dim that it can only be seen in the infrared it is based on the novel andromeda nebula by ivan yefremov written when steady state theory was dominant and iron stars were expected to exist in the milky way citation needed in the wrath of the gods mod add on for the calamity mod a mod for the video game terraria the avatar of emptiness boss utilizes an attack where it summons and compresses an iron star to the point of it cracking causing beams of energy to discharge from the fissures toward the player the continued compression causes the iron star to eventually explode into damaging debris citation needed see also edit future of an expanding universe hypothetical star heat death of the universe references edit howell steve b kalari venu m adamson andy everett mark july 1 2025 inside the iron curtain a long term look at the iron stars xx oph and as 325 publications of the astronomical society of the pacific 137 7 074205 doi 10 1088 1538 3873 adeec6 issn 0004 6280 bopp bernard w howell steve b november 1989 as 325 another iron star publications of the astronomical society of the pacific 101 981 doi 10 1086 132562 issn 0004 6280 walborn nolan r fitzpatrick edward l 2000 the ob zoo a digital atlas of peculiar spectra the publications of the astronomical society of the pacific 112 767 50 bibcode 2000pasp 112 50w doi 10 1086 316490 clark j s castro n garcia m herrero a najarro f negueruela i ritchie b w smith k t 2012 on the nature of candidate luminous blue variables in m 33 astronomy astrophysics 541 a146 arxiv 1202 4409 bibcode 2012a a 541a 146c doi 10 1051 0004 6361 201118440 s2cid 17900583 caplan m e 1 october 2020 black dwarf supernova in the far future monthly notices of the royal astronomical society 497 4 4357 4362 arxiv 2008 02296 doi 10 1093 mnras staa2262 v t e stars list formation accretion molecular cloud bok globule young stellar object protostar pre main sequence herbig ae be t tauri herbig haro object hayashi track henyey track evolution main sequence red giant branch horizontal branch red clump asymptotic giant branch post agb super agb blue loop planetary nebula protoplanetary wolf rayet nebula pg1159 dredge up oh ir instability strip luminous blue variable stellar population supernova superluminous hypernova classification early late main sequence o b a f g k m subdwarf o b wr ob subgiant hertzsprung gap giant blue red yellow bright giant supergiant blue red yellow hypergiant yellow carbon s cn ch white dwarf chemically peculiar am ap bp cemp hgmn he weak barium lambda boötis lead technetium be shell b e helium extreme blue straggler remnants compact star white dwarf helium planet neutron radio quiet pulsar binary x ray magnetar black hole stellar black hole supermassive black hole x ray binary burster sgr hypothetical blue dwarf black dwarf exotic boson electroweak strange preon planck dark dark energy quark q black quasi star gravastar thorne żytkow object iron blitzar white hole nucleosynthesis deuterium burning lithium burning proton proton chain cno cycle helium flash triple alpha process alpha process c burning ne burning o burning si burning s process r process p process nova symbiotic remnant luminous red nova recurrent micronova supernova structure core convection zone microturbulence oscillations radiation zone atmosphere photosphere starspot chromosphere stellar corona alfvén surface stellar wind bubble bipolar outflow accretion disk protoplanetary disk proplyd asteroseismology helioseismology circumstellar dust cosmic dust circumstellar envelope eddington luminosity kelvin helmholtz mechanism properties designation dynamics effective temperature luminosity kinematics magnetic field absolute magnitude mass loss metallicity rotation gravity darkening starlight variable photometric system color index hertzsprung russell diagram color color diagram strömgren sphere kraft break star systems binary contact common envelope eclipsing symbiotic multiple cluster open globular super planetary system earth centric observations sun solar eclipse solar radio emission solar system sunlight pole star circumpolar constellation asterism magnitude apparent extinction photographic radial velocity proper motion parallax photometric standard lists proper names arabic chinese extremes most massive highest temperature lowest temperature largest volume smallest volume brightest historical brightest most luminous nearest bright most distant with resolved images with multiple exoplanets brown dwarfs red dwarfs white dwarfs milky way novae supernovae candidates remnants planetary nebulae timeline of stellar astronomy related substellar object brown dwarf desert sub planet galactic year galaxy guest gravity intergalactic neutron star merger planet hosting stars stellar collision stellar engulfment tidal disruption event category stars portal commons portals astronomy outer space retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title iron_star oldid 1370780565 categories star types hypothetical stars iron hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata all articles with unsourced statements articles with unsourced statements from march 2026 this page was last edited on 23 august 2026 at 02 01 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search toggle the table of contents iron star 24 languages add topic