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joaquín garcía icazbalceta wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 life 2 work 3 death and legacy 4 bibliography 5 see also 6 references 7 external links toggle the table of contents joaquín garcía icazbalceta 5 languages مصرى español euskara bahasa indonesia italiano edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia mexican philologist and historian this article includes a list of general references but lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations please help improve this article by introducing more precise citations january 2024 learn how and when to remove this message joaquín garcía icazbalceta in this spanish name the first or paternal surname is garcía and the second or maternal family name is icazbalceta joaquín garcía icazbalceta august 21 1824 november 26 1894 was a mexican philologist and historian 1 he edited writings by mexican writers who preceded him wrote a biography of juan de zumárraga and translated william h prescott s conquest of mexico his works on colonial mexico continue to be cited today life edit garcía icazbalceta was born in mexico city to a wealthy spanish family the family was exiled to spain in 1829 shortly after the recognition of mexican independence by an act of congress and was not able to return until seven years later he was educated by tutors and through independent reading he learned several continental languages and delved into the study of iberoamerica his studies were interrupted by the outbreak of the mexican american war in which he took part after the war he returned to scholarly pursuits he married filomena pimentel who died in childbirth granddaughter of count of heras he spent the better part of his life amassing a large collection of books documents and manuscripts from the colonial era which he used in his work work edit garcía icazbalceta wrote his biography of juan de zumárraga the first archbishop of mexico during a time when mexican history was being reevaluated resulting in criticism of the archbishop and the mendicant orders who converted the natives in it he countered liberal and protestant charges that the archbishop was ignorant and fanatical by casting him and other franciscans in the role of the saviors of the indians from the brutality of the civil authority he also highlighted the archbishop s role in fostering early educational institutions such as the colegio santa cruz and credits him with bringing the first printing press to the western hemisphere he especially objected to charges levelled by mier bustamante and prescott that zumárraga had played any role in the destruction of native aztec codices arguing that most of the destruction had occurred before zumárraga s arrival that no spanish chroniclers mention any book burnings and that the one mentioned by alva de ixtlilxochitl was committed by tlaxcalans in 1520 he also used the book to criticize the hypocrisy he viewed in liberal legislators who while attacking the archbishop for cruelty to the indians betrayed the indigenous heritage of the nation by lifting limitations on the export of ancient works of art and artifacts the book was sufficient to restore the credibility of the archbishop and the place of the franciscans as founders of the mexican society in the mexican consciousness but it raised other questions many people were uncomfortable with the lack of any mention of the apparition of the virgin mary as our lady of guadalupe or zumárraga s construction of a chapel in her honor in fact garcía icazbalceta had written a chapter on the subject which he elected not to include in the final draft at the behest of francisco paula de verea bishop of puebla in it he divulged that he had not found any contemporary documents referring to the apparition identifying miguel sánchez s 1648 imagen de la virgen as the first to appear despite his prestige as mexico s pre eminent historian of the time his political conservatism and his devout catholicism attacks were made against his reputation by defenders of the historicity of the apparition in response to a demand made by pelagio antonio de labastida archbishop of mexico he wrote a detailed account of what history tells us about the apparition of our lady of guadalupe to juan diego in it he detailed all of the historical problems with the traditional legend of the apparition these included the silence of historical documents on the phenomenon especially that of zumárraga the lack of any of the nahuatl documents mentioned by previous historians the unremarkability of the blossoming of flowers during the month of december an important aspect of the traditional narrative and the improbability that guadalupe was a nahuatl name he further cited inconsistencies between the studies of the icon as reasons to doubt the apparition s historicity he started work on a dictionary of mexican spanish vocabulario de mexicanismos which was only finished up to the letter g and was published posthumously icazbalceta was elected a member of the american antiquarian society in 1881 2 death and legacy edit garcía icazbalceta died of cerebral apoplexy at the age of 70 his writings on the work of the franciscan order in colonial mexico influenced the work of ignacio manuel altamirano a contemporary historian bibliography edit apuntes para un catálogo de escritores en lenguas indígenas de américa méxico 1866 don fray juan de zumárraga primer obispo y arzobispo de méxico rafael aguayo spencer y antonio castro leal editors mexico city editorial porrúa 1947 originally published 1881 investigación histórica y documental sobre la aparición de la virgen de guadalupe de méxico with alonso de montúfar and primo feliciano velázquez méxico ediciones fuente cultural distribuidores exclusivos librería navarro 1952 carlos maría de bustamante colaborador de la independencia méxico talleres tipográficos de el nacional 1948 indice alfabético de la bibliografía mexicana del siglo xvi méxico porrúa 1938 see also edit list of people from morelos references edit carreño alberto maría 1945 don joaquin garcia icazbalceta the americas 1 4 418 439 doi 10 2307 978784 issn 0003 1615 american antiquarian society members directory archived from the original on 2021 10 19 retrieved 2016 12 07 external links edit wikimedia commons has media related to joaquín garcía icazbalceta guide to the joaquín garcía icazbalceta collection in spanish his colección de documentos para la historia de méxico authority control databases international isni viaf gnd fast worldcat national united states france bnf data italy spain portugal netherlands norway sweden poland vatican israel catalonia academics cinii people trove deutsche biographie other idref open library snac retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title joaquín_garcía_icazbalceta oldid 1353933548 categories 19th century mexican historians historians of mexico mexican soldiers mexican military personnel of the mexican american war mexican philologists mexican people of spanish descent mexican people of basque descent translators from nahuatl mexican mesoamericanists scholars of the aztecs historians of mesoamerica 19th century mesoamericanists 19th century translators 1824 births 1894 deaths writers from mexico city people from morelos 19th century philologists hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata articles lacking in text citations from january 2024 all articles lacking in text citations commons category link is on wikidata articles with spanish language sources es this page was last edited on 13 may 2026 at 07 07 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search toggle the table of contents joaquín garcía icazbalceta 5 languages add topic