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hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia american politician and philanthropist 1842 1904 john l mitchell united states senator from wisconsin in office march 4 1893 march 3 1899 preceded by philetus sawyer succeeded by joseph v quarles member of the u s house of representatives from wisconsin s 4th district in office march 4 1891 march 3 1893 preceded by isaac w van schaick succeeded by peter j somers member of the wisconsin senate from the 6th district in office january 3 1876 january 7 1878 preceded by john black succeeded by george howard paul in office january 1 1872 january 5 1874 preceded by peter v deuster succeeded by john black personal details born john lendrum mitchell 1842 10 19 october 19 1842 milwaukee territory of wisconsin died june 29 1904 1904 06 29 aged 61 milwaukee wisconsin resting place forest home cemetery milwaukee wisconsin party democratic spouses bianca cogswell m 1865 died 1882 harriet danforth becker m 1883 died 1922 children 12 including billy and ruth parents alexander mitchell father martha reed mitchell mother relatives george b reed uncle orson reed uncle harrison reed uncle curtis reed uncle abram d smith uncle chloe merrick reed aunt signature military service allegiance united states branch service united states volunteers union army years of service 1862 1863 rank 1st lieutenant usv unit 24th reg wis vol infantry battles wars american civil war confederate heartland offensive 2nd lt co i battle of perryville stones river campaign 2nd lt co i battle of stones river tullahoma campaign 1st lt co e battle of hoover s gap chattanooga campaign 1st lt co e john lendrum mitchell october 19 1842 june 29 1904 was an american politician and philanthropist from milwaukee wisconsin a democrat he served one term each in the united states senate 1893 1899 and house of representatives 1891 1893 earlier he was a member of the wisconsin state senate and a union army officer in the american civil war he was the son of powerful railroad owner and milwaukee financier alexander mitchell and used his inheritance on significant works of philanthropy in milwaukee he is the namesake of the mitchell park horticultural conservatory his son u s army major general william lendrum billy mitchell is considered the father of the united states air force and the namesake of milwaukee mitchell international airport early life edit he was born in milwaukee in the wisconsin territory the son of martha reed and alexander mitchell a wealthy banking magnate politician and scottish american immigrant 1 2 he graduated from the hampton connecticut military academy and studied in europe spending time in both munich bavaria and geneva switzerland he returned to the united states in 1860 as the civil war loomed 1 civil war service edit during the american civil war mitchell enlisted with the 24th wisconsin infantry regiment in the summer of 1862 he was commissioned 2nd lieutenant of company i under captain frederick a root the regiment mustered into service august 21 1862 and left the state on september 5 for kentucky for service in the western theater of the war 3 720 arriving at louisville kentucky on september 20 the 24th wisconsin was attached to iii corps of the army of the ohio the regiment was quickly thrown into battle confronting general braxton bragg and his army of mississippi which had marched to the vicinity of louisville as part of the confederate offensive to seize control of kentucky 3 721 they met the confederates at the nearby town of perryville kentucky where they engaged in the battle of perryville on october 8 1862 the 24th wisconsin was held in reserve for most of the battle but in the late afternoon was ordered to engage and pursued the enemy as they fled the field 3 721 they continued the pursuit of the fleeing confederates until october 15 when they were ordered to abandon pursuit and turn back to the west moving into tennessee and going into camp near nashville on november 22 3 721 at their mill creek camp the union command was reorganized as the army of the cumberland under major general william rosecrans on december 27 they returned to the offensive against bragg who was now encamped along the stones river northwest of murfreesboro tennessee during this campaign lieutenant mitchell was selected for special service in their brigade working as a topographical aide to brigadier general joshua w sill 4 during the first hours of fighting at the battle of stones river however general sill was killed in action while directing a counterattack 3 723 it fell to lieutenant mitchell to deliver the news to colonel nicholas greusel of the 36th illinois infantry regiment who was next in line of seniority that he must assume command of the brigade 4 colonel greusel was able to re form the brigade after the confusion of the morning fighting and led them ably through the remainder of the battle 3 723 colonel greusel would later praise lieutenant mitchell in his official report of the battle 4 5 611 note 1 after the fighting the union army spent several months camped at murfreesboro transforming it into a major union fortress and supply hub for the remainder of the war and securing the union presence in middle tennessee during this time the 24th wisconsin saw further resignations and promotions as the leadership was reshuffled 3 723 724 mitchell returned to duties with his regiment and on january 17 1863 he was promoted to 1st lieutenant for company e 6 while the union army of the cumberland was reinforcing their position and reorganizing their force at murfreesboro the confederate army of tennessee under bragg was preparing a new defensive line along the duck river and at strategic passes in the highland rim that summer the army of the cumberland was directed to engage bragg as soon as possible to prevent him from sending additional forces to assist the confederate defenders at the siege of vicksburg lieutenant mitchell was with the army through the battle of hoover s gap after which bragg abandoned middle tennessee and moved to defend chattanooga however around this time the regiment surgeon diagnosed lieutenant mitchell as having a severe visual impairment he was sent home to wisconsin and discharged 7 political career edit after returning from the war mitchell went to work as a farmer clearing 480 acres of wilderness west of milwaukee 7 in 1871 he entered politics running for wisconsin state senate on the democratic party ticket in the 6th senatorial district southern milwaukee county he was not a candidate for re election in 1873 but returned to office with the 1875 election in the same district he declined re nomination in 1877 but remained active in the state democratic party and for several years was chairman of the milwaukee county democratic party he was also elected by the 1887 wisconsin democratic convention to serve as a wisconsin member of the democratic national committee 7 he was also active outside of politics and was chosen as president of the milwaukee school board for 1884 and 1885 and became a significant funder of milwaukee s soldiers home he was appointed by congress to the board of managers for the national home for disabled soldiers in 1886 and served on the board nearly until his death 7 8 after the death of his father in 1887 mitchell took over several of the family interests and became much more prominent in state affairs he also became well respected in business for his shrewd management of the family assets 9 he became president of the marine and fire insurance company bank which his father had founded and had a significant stake in the northwestern national insurance company 7 in 1888 after a storm destroyed several buildings on the state fair grounds mitchell spent freely from his own funds to rebuild the structures in time for the fair that year he was elected president of the state agricultural society 10 in 1890 mitchell announced his intention to run for united states house of representatives in wisconsin s 4th congressional district after a contentious caucus process he reached the wisconsin democratic party 4th district convention with strong support and was nominated on the first ballot defeating peter j somers and john black 9 he won 56 of the vote in the general election defeating republican r c spencer union labor candidate robert c schilling and prohibitionist charles e reed and went on to serve in the 52nd united states congress 8 after his election to congress he was chosen as chairman of the democratic congressional campaign committee and conducted an extensive operation to win democratic majorities in both the house and senate in the 1892 elections 7 he also declared his interest in the united states senate seat which would be chosen in 1893 by the legislature elected in 1892 the democrats maintained their majority in the 41st wisconsin legislature and on the 31st ballot the democratic caucus chose to support mitchell as their senate nominee over john h knight and edward s bragg 11 in the floor vote mitchell received 77 votes john coit spooner received 46 and edward s bragg received 1 12 mitchell was considered one of the best educated members of the senate at the time 7 he continued to prioritize funding the needs of veterans he supported the wilson gorman tariff act which levied a tariff which applied only to those earning more than 4 000 per year then only about 10 of americans he was strongly opposed to the rising american imperialism of his era and spoke out against the annexation of hawaii and the spanish american war 13 and although he personally opposed the populist inflationary free silver policies of the democrats he remained loyal to the party in 1896 he was suggested as a candidate for vice president of the united states at the democratic national convention though his name was not formally placed in nomination 7 he served in the senate until 1899 and was not a candidate for renomination after leaving the senate mitchell traveled with his family to europe again he along with one of his daughters studied at grenoble university in grenoble france and they both received a diploma certifying their proficiency in french language and literature the family returned to their farm in greenfield wisconsin in 1902 mitchell s health deteriorated from this point he died at his home on june 29 1904 and was buried at the mitchell family plot in milwaukee s forest home cemetery 7 family and legacy edit mitchell married twice first to bianca coggswell and then harriet danforth becker who was a prominent member of the daughters of the american revolution he had at least 12 children 7 with his first wife and 5 with his second however only 7 survived to adulthood among his children was major general billy mitchell who is regarded as the father of the united states air force coincidentally during the elder mitchell s time with the 24th wisconsin infantry in the civil war he served alongside arthur macarthur jr whose son douglas macarthur would go on to serve as a juror on the court martial of mitchell s son billy in 1925 another son john mitchell was also an early american aviator who died in his fighter plane in 1917 in france his daughter ruth mitchell was an author and gained some fame as a volunteer fighting the germans with yugoslav chetniks in world war ii 14 mitchell was a collector of paintings including works by jules breton jehan georges vibert and adolf schreyer he was a patron of the layton art gallery milwaukee college and the milwaukee hospital he was an active member of several veterans communities including the grand army of the republic the military order of the loyal legion of the united states and the society of the army of the cumberland he contributed to the founding of the college of agriculture at the university of wisconsin and offered twenty scholarships for poor boys to attend the school 7 finally he was the original donor of land to form mitchell park which is named in his honor 15 his papers along with those of his father are in the archives of the wisconsin historical society 16 electoral history edit u s house of representatives 1890 1892 edit wisconsin s 4th congressional district election 1890 8 party candidate votes general election november 4 1890 democratic john l mitchell 24 679 56 18 8 87 republican robert c spencer 17 605 40 07 10 72 labor robert c schilling 1 505 3 43 prohibition charles e reed 133 0 30 0 39 scattering 10 0 02 plurality 7 074 16 10 12 61 total votes 43 932 100 0 0 47 democratic gain from republican swing 19 59 wisconsin s 4th congressional district election 1892 12 party candidate votes general election november 8 1892 democratic john l mitchell incumbent 19 616 50 18 5 99 republican theobald otjen 18 294 46 80 6 73 populist theodore fritz 829 2 12 prohibition ephraim l eaton 349 0 89 0 59 plurality 1 322 3 38 12 72 total votes 39 088 100 0 11 03 democratic hold united states senate 1893 edit united states senate election in wisconsin 1893 12 party candidate votes vote of the wisconsin legislature january 27 1893 democratic john l mitchell 77 58 33 republican john coit spooner 46 34 85 democratic edward s bragg 1 0 76 no vote 8 6 06 plurality 31 23 48 total votes 132 100 0 democratic gain from republican references edit 1 2 mitchell john lendrum 1842 1904 wisconsin historical society august 8 2017 may john joseph 1902 danforth genealogy boston charles h pope pp 224 225 isbn 9785877066076 retrieved september 8 2020 cite book isbn date incompatibility help 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 quiner edwin b 1866 regimental history twenty fourth infantry the military history of wisconsin chicago clarke co pp 720 733 retrieved september 8 2020 1 2 3 nominations for major and brigadier generals semi weekly wisconsin washington d c january 30 1863 p 4 retrieved september 8 2020 via newspapers com united states war record office 1880 the war of rebellion a compilation of the official records of the union and confederate armies vol series 1 vol 20 1 washington d c united states government publishing office retrieved september 9 2020 state military items semi weekly wisconsin milwaukee wisconsin february 10 1863 p 3 retrieved september 8 2020 via newspapers com 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 the death of john l mitchell the appleton crescent appleton wisconsin july 9 1904 p 2 retrieved september 9 2020 via newspapers com 1 2 3 cunningham thomas j ed 1891 biographical sketches members of fifty second congress the blue book of the state of wisconsin report pp 572 573 retrieved september 10 2020 1 2 j l mitchell nominated portage daily democrat milwaukee september 9 1890 p 1 retrieved september 10 2020 via newspapers com about the state fair the weekly wisconsin milwaukee wisconsin september 29 1888 p 6 retrieved september 10 2020 via newspapers com senator mitchell portage daily democrat january 27 1893 p 1 retrieved september 11 2020 via newspapers com 1 2 3 casson henry ed 1895 biographical sketches members of the fifty fourth congress the blue book of the ...