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komi go wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 whole number and halves 2 history 3 effects on strategy 4 perfect komi 5 local variations 6 types toggle types subsection 6 1 fixed compensation point system 6 2 auction komi 6 3 pie rule 7 see also 8 notes 9 external links toggle the table of contents komi go 12 languages català čeština español français 日本語 한국어 polski русский svenska türkçe українська 中文 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia redirected from komi go points given to compensate for the disadvantage of playing second this article needs more citations please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources unsourced material may be challenged and removed find sources komi go news newspapers books scholar jstor december 2021 learn how and when to remove this message komi 込み コミ in the game of go are points added to the score of the player with the white stones as compensation for playing second the value of black s first move advantage is generally considered to be between 5 and 7 points by the end of the game standard komi is 6 5 points under the japanese and korean rules under chinese ing and aga rules standard komi is 7 5 points under new zealand rules standard komi is 7 points komi typically applies only to games where both players are evenly ranked in the case of a one rank difference the stronger player will typically play with the white stones and players often agree on a simple 0 5 point komi to break a tie jigo in favour of white or no komi at all komidashi コミ出し is the more complete japanese language term the chinese term is tiē mù simplified chinese 贴目 traditional chinese 貼目 and the korean term is deom 덤 efforts have been made to determine the value of komi for boards much smaller than the standard 19x19 grid for go such as 7x7 1 when introducing environmental go elwyn berlekamp made a broad generalisation of komi to illustrate the practical value of the temperature concept from combinatorial game theory 2 whole number and halves edit conventional komi in most competitions is a half integer such as 6 5 points this is convenient and the prevailing usage for knock out tournaments since it makes a tied game jigo in japanese and rematches less likely a drawn game is still possible under japanese rules since the japanese rule prohibiting repeated positions applies only to the simplest possibility called ko in a club or friendly game this is not a problem so a value such as 6 points is just as practical within a swiss system draw tied games are not convenient and tiebreakers are used some argue there is nothing wrong in having a tie forbidding a draw may misrepresent one player as superior when there is no difference in skill history edit white is at a disadvantage because black gets to move first giving that player sente initiative records show that the winning percentage of black is higher the importance of playing first was however not dealt with by the rules until the 1920s and then only tentatively the compensation komi system was introduced into professional go in japan as a gradual process of innovation beginning in the 1920s the hisekai ja a go organization established in 1922 and dissolved with the formation of the nihon ki in in 1924 used a 4 5 point komi among its many rule innovations 3 the correct value of komi has been re evaluated over the years as professional opening strategy has evolved at first komi could be as low as 2 5 points or 3 points it was later increased to 4 5 and then 5 5 points a komi of 5 5 points was used for a long time but research found that 5 5 points was insufficient to compensate for white s disadvantage statistical analyses of the year s games would sometimes appear in the igo nenkan kido yearbook backing up the intuition of many top players the use of databases confirmed figures such as 53 victories for black not just at the highest level komi was then raised to 6 5 some events use as high as 7 5 points under the chinese method of counting the difference between 5 5 and 6 5 points is of minimal effect chinese sources usually in fact quote figures that are halved such as 2 75 for 5 5 at least for chinese domestic competitions as one stone the scoring increment typically used in china is equivalent to two points handicap games are almost universally played with a komi of 0 5 points the advantage of playing one or more black stones the number usually calculated as the difference in player s rank before the white player s first move constitutes the remainder of the handicap with the 0 5 komi determining white as winner in games that would otherwise be a draw john fairbairn a go historian has written on the history of komi in his 1977 introduction to go he stated that the value was about 5 4 effects on strategy edit since very minor mistakes can cost one point discussion of the true value for komi makes little sense except at the level of the top ranked players in the world these are in most cases also the opening theory experts and evaluate opening strategies in practical play against their peers the introduction and then increase of komi has led to ever more ambitious or aggressive strategies for black the first player in the days before komi white as second player had to disrupt the smooth working of black s classical strategies described sometimes as aiming for a sure win by 3 points from the introduction of komi in most pro events around 1950 black s older methods had to be reconsidered since white suddenly needed appreciably less in pro terms in secure area the 3 3 point became an interesting play for white where previously it appeared experimental and was developed in particular by go seigen and sakata eio in the following decades a mixture of classical and shinfuseki techniques became normal the most obvious effect was the replacement of the 4 3 point by the 4 4 point as the most common way to first occupy a corner perfect komi edit in theory a perfect value of komi would make each game result in jigo draw given perfect play by both sides since in practice no human or computer can play perfect go this value is not known with certainty however under area scoring rules and in the absence of seki the perfect komi can be shown to be an odd integer and statistics from professional and computer play suggest that 7 is the correct value 5 local variations edit although 6 5 points is a common komi as of 2007 each country association and tournament may set its own specific komi in japan the usual komi was once about 2 5 points some time later it was raised to 4 5 points in 1955 the oza became the first tournament to adopt 5 5 the value of 5 5 became standard over some decades the nihon ki in increased the komi to 6 5 in 2002 citing black s 51 855 win rate under the old rule 6 in korea it used to be 5 5 but is now 6 5 in china 5 5 points was common but 7 5 is now standard a value of 6 5 would seldom give a different result from 5 5 due to chinese scoring rules in america american go association aga official rules used to specify 5 5 points however they later suggested also experimenting with values up to 8 5 points in both informal games and tournaments in order to gather data to determine the effects of increasing u s komi officially the american go association changed komi from 5 5 to 7 5 in august 2004 effective 2005 the new zealand rules specify a komi of 7 for the ing foundation ing rules komi is specified as 8 points due to the different counting method used by the ing system this komi is equivalent to 7 5 points under the japanese rules types edit fixed compensation point system edit by far the most common type of komi is a fixed compensation point system a fixed number of points determined by the go organization or the tournament director is given to the second player white in an even game without handicaps to make up for first player black advantage auction komi edit as no one can be absolutely sure of the ideal value for komi systems without fixed komi are used in some amateur matches and tournaments this is called auction komi examples of auction komi systems the players do an auction by saying i am willing to play black against xxx komi and the player who wins the auction offers the highest komi plays black one player chooses the size of the komi and the other player then chooses to play black or white this version of auction komi becomes equivalent to the pie rule to go if choosing the size of the komi is considered to be a move that white player makes before the game would normally start pie rule edit main article pie rule one player chooses komi and the other player chooses whether to play black or white or black places their first stone and after that white decides whether they want to play black or white see also edit pie rule notes edit herik h jaap van den plaat aske 18 july 2012 advances in computer games 13th international conference acg 2011 tilburg the netherlands november 20 22 2011 revised selected papers springer p 85 isbn 978 3 642 31866 5 nowakowski richard levy silvio 25 november 2002 more games of no chance cambridge university press p 17 isbn 978 0 521 80832 3 xue zhicheng 薛至诚 ed 1988 日本围棋故事 story of japanese go in chinese china 人民体育出版社 chapter 49 p 250 isbn 7 5009 0003 1 online edition fairbairn john 21 july 2010 invitation to go courier corporation p 68 isbn 978 0 486 43356 1 clegg roger 1977 the value of the first move american go journal 12 3 コミ出し変更のお知らせ nihon ki in archive in japanese october 2002 external links edit sensei s library authority control databases national japan v t e go overview handicaps komi rules equipment bowls goban katsura kaya stones clamshell slate yunzi terms aji atari board positions dame divine move double hane eyes gote sente and tenuki hane hayago jigo joseki kakari keima kiai kikashi ko komi korigatachi kosumi ladder liberty miai monkey jump moyo myoushu nakade nerai myoushu peep pincer probe sabaki seki sente shape shoulder hit tesuji thickness yose strategy and tactics capturing race fuseki chinese kobayashi shinfuseki shusaku jōseki nadare taisha ko fight ladder life and death mirror go opening theory proverbs shape empty triangle ponnuki tenuki tsumego history classic of arts dunhuang go manual emperor yao four go houses four arts hoensha 9 pin zhi oskar korschelt oshirogo players european players female players nihon ki in hall of fame professional handicaps competition go professional ranks and ratings dan kyū honorary titles jubango tournaments world champions games and matches alphago vs fan hui alphago vs ke jie alphago vs lee sedol atomic bomb game blood vomiting game ear reddening game the game of the century kamakura jubango lee s broken ladder game art and media alphago the divine move the girl who played go the go master the go player go world hikaru no go igo hatsuyōron long ode to watching weiqi the maniac the master of go ranka sensei s library shibumi the surrounding game the weiqi devil computers computer go uec cup engines alphago alphago master alphago zero alphazero crazy stone darkforest fine art gnu go katago leela leela zero zen future of go summit monte carlo tree search smart game format servers kgs go server pandanet tygem organizations american go association australian go association british go association china china qiyuan chinese weiqi association hong kong go association european go federation french federation of go international go federation irish go association japan all japan student go federation kansai ki in nihon ki in korea korea baduk association myongji university mind sports organisation new zealand go society singapore weiqi association taiwan chi yuan culture foundation other benson s algorithm game record kifu go and mathematics variants batoo capture go sygo go portal category retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title komi_ go oldid 1375576390 category rules of go hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata articles needing additional references from december 2021 all articles needing additional references articles containing japanese language text articles containing simplified chinese language text articles containing traditional chinese language text articles containing korean language text cs1 uses chinese language script zh cs1 chinese china language sources zh cn cs1 uses japanese language script ja cs1 japanese language sources ja this page was last edited on 18 september 2026 at 17 06 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search toggle the table of contents komi go 12 languages add topic