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kyirong kagate languages wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 terminological limitation 2 variation between languages 3 references toggle the table of contents kyirong kagate languages 2 languages igbo 中文 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia tibetic language subgroup of nepal and china kyirong kagate region nepal china native speakers 16 000 cited 2000 2011 census 1 language family sino tibetan tibeto kanauri bodish tibetic kyirong kagate language codes iso 639 3 variously kgy kyirong syw kagate ttz tsum scp hyolmo gyo gyalsumdo glottolog kyir1235 adds nubri kyirong kagate is a subgroup of tibetic languages spoken primarily in nepal with a hundred or so speakers across the border in tibet varieties are 2 kyirong lende kagate tsum langtang yolmo nubri gyalsumdo although there is a varying degree of mutual intelligibility between these varieties 3 they are considered separate languages by their respective speakers there are also some major distinctions for example kyirong has a three tone system 4 whereas yolmo and kagate have a two tone system 5 the gyalsumdo language variety spoken in the manage district of nepal shows strong similarities to kyirong as well as nubri and would therefore likely be classed in the kyirong kagate group 6 terminological limitation edit the language family is best considered to really be kyirong yolmo 3 this is for a number of reasons firstly there are only around 1000 people who identify as kagate and many of these also consider themselves to be yolmo secondly kagate is only regularly used to identify the community in ramechhap while yolmo can be found in melamchi helambu ilam lamjung and other places thirdly the name kagate is considered negative by many speakers as it refers to the low caste occupation of papermaking variation between languages edit these varieties are all clearly historically related 2 but some are more similar than others kagate and yolmo share many common features and can be considered mutually intelligible dialects 5 7 nubri and gyalsumdo also appear to be closely related based on initial research 6 although yolmo and kyirong are more similar to each other than they are to standard tibetan they are different enough to be considered different languages 8 references edit kyirong at ethnologue 18th ed 2015 subscription required kagate at ethnologue 18th ed 2015 subscription required tsum at ethnologue 18th ed 2015 subscription required hyolmo at ethnologue 18th ed 2015 subscription required gyalsumdo at ethnologue 18th ed 2015 subscription required 1 2 n tournadre 2005 l aire linguistique tibétaine et ses divers dialectes lalies 2005 n 25 p 7 56 1 2 gawne lauren 2013 notes on the relationship between yolmo and kagate himalayan linguistics 12 2 1 27 huber brigitte 2005 the tibetan dialect of lende kyirong bonn vgh wissenschaftsverlag 1 2 hari anne marie 2010 yohlmo sketch grammar kathmandu ekta 1 2 hildebrandt kristine ann perry j joseph 2011 preliminary notes on gyalsumdo an undocumented tibetan variety in manang district nepal himalayan linguistics 10 10 167 185 doi 10 5070 h910123573 gawne lauren 2010 lamjung yolmo a dialect of yolmo also known as helambu sherpa nepalese linguistics 25 34 41 hedlin matthew 2011 an investigation of the relationship between the kyirong yòlmo and standard spoken tibetan speech varieties unpublished ma thesis payap university chiang mai thailand v t e sino tibetan languages sinitic chinese mandarin yue hakka min wu hui gan xiang jin pinghua bai cai long caijia longjia luren tibeto burman bodish tibetan central amdo khams dzongkha ladakhi balti lahuli spiti kyirong kagate sherpa jirel east bodish tshangla basum nam burmo qiangic lolo burmese burmish burmese standard intha danu rakhine tavoyan achang lhao vo lashi zaiwa mondzish loloish qiangic gyalrongic ersuic naic greater magaric magaric magar kham chepangic chepang bhujel raji raute dura tandrange naga ao angami pochuri meitei tangkhulic western naga zeliangrong sal boro garo konyak jingpho luish gongduk ʼole kho bwa puroik tani chamdo tujia nungish karenic gong kathu west himalayish tamangic newaric newar baram thangmi kiranti dhimalish dhimal toto lhokpu lepcha karbi kuki chin miju mruic mru hkongso pyu taman bailang proposed groupings central tibeto burman kuki chin naga macro bai mahakiranti rung tibeto kanauri proto languages proto sino tibetan proto tibeto burman proto loloish proto karenic proto min proto hakka italics indicates single languages that are also considered to be separate branches v t e bodic tibeto kanauri languages west himalayish western lahaulic pattani tinani kinnauric kanashi kinnauri chitkuli shumcho jangshung eastern central bunan rongpo marcha tolcha sunam zhang zhung almora rangas darmiya chaudangsi byangsi dhuleli bodish tibetic central tibetan central tibetan ü tsang standard tibetan mugom amdo amdo tibetan gserpa khalong mdungnag kham eastern khams tibetan tseku baima choni zhongu dongwang drugchu stonggnyen zitsadegu southern sikkimese bhutia dzongkha bhutanese khamba laya lunana groma brokkat brokpa chochangachakha lakha naapa western ladakhi balti western archaic ladakhi zangskari changthang purgi balti lahuli spiti western innovative lahuli stod bhoti spiti bhoti nyamkat tukpa jad sherpa jirel sherpa jirel kyirong kagate kyirong kagate tsum yolmo nubri gyalsumdo tshangla east bodish tshangla tshangla east bodish takpa dzala nyen chali bumthang kheng kurtöp nupbi ʼole basum basum tamangic tgtm tamang gurung thakali seke manang chantyal ghale ghale kutang kaike kaike v t e languages of nepal official languages federal level nepali province level awadhi bajjika bhojpuri doteli gurung limbu maithili magar nepal bhasa tamang tharu nepal portal indigenous languages sino tibetan kiranti bahing bantawa belhare chamling dhimal dumi sampang sunwar tilung thulung vayu waling yakkha magaric bhujel chepang dura kham newaric baram thangmi raji raute raji raute tamangic chantyal ghale kaike manang tibetic jirel kagate kyirong lepcha mugomt naapa nubri sherpa sikkimese bhutia yolmo indo aryan angika bengali danwar hindi jumli kumal magahi majhi marwari rajbanshi rangpuri kochila urdu sign language ghandruk sign language jhankot sign language jumla sign language maunabudhuk bodhe sign language nepali sign language other english kusunda kurukh majhwar mundari santali sanskrit retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title kyirong kagate_languages oldid 1376190939 categories languages of nepal languages of tibet central bodish languages hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata pages containing links to subscription only content language articles citing ethnologue 18 language articles with old ethnologue 18 speaker data this page was last edited on 22 september 2026 at 17 13 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search 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