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enu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 taxonomy 2 description 3 behaviour 4 relationship with humans 5 see also 6 notes 7 references 8 further reading 9 external links toggle the table of contents kōkako 18 languages kotava brezhoneg català esperanto español eesti فارسی français עברית italiano 한국어 nederlands polski русский svenska türkçe українська 中文 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikispecies wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia genus of birds this article is about the bird for the tainui chieftain see kōkako tainui kōkako scientific classification kingdom animalia phylum chordata class aves order passeriformes family callaeidae genus callaeas forster jr 1788 type species glaucopis cinerea gmelin jf 1788 species callaeas cinereus callaeas wilsoni kōkako a ˈ k ɔː k ə k oʊ 1 are two species of forest bird in the genus callaeas which are endemic to new zealand the endangered north island kōkako callaeas wilsoni 2 and the presumed extinct south island kōkako callaeas cinereus 3 4 5 they are both slate grey with wattles and have black masks 6 they belong to a family containing five species of new zealand wattlebirds 2 the other three being two species of tīeke saddleback and the extinct huia 4 6 previously widespread kōkako populations throughout new zealand have been decimated by the predations of mammalian invasive species such as possums stoats cats and rats and their range has contracted significantly 4 5 7 in the past this bird was called the new zealand crow it is not closely related to the crow but looks like one from a distance 8 taxonomy edit the genus callaeas was introduced in 1788 by the german naturalist johann reinhold forster to accommodate a single species the south island kōkako which is therefore the type species 9 10 the genus name is derived from the ancient greek word kallaia for a cock s wattles 11 the kōkako appears to be a remnant of an early expansion of passerines in new zealand and is one of five species of new zealand wattlebirds of the family callaeidae the others being two species of endangered tieke or saddleback and the extinct huia 6 new zealand wattlebirds have no close relatives apart from the stitchbird and their taxonomic relationships to other birds remain to be determined 12 description edit north island kōkako closeup of head showing blue wattles the north island kōkako callaeas wilsoni has blue wattles although this colour develops with age in the young of this bird they are actually coloured a light pink 5 6 13 the south island kōkako callaeas cinereus by contrast has largely orange wattles with only a small patch of blue at the base 5 6 behaviour edit the kōkako has a beautiful clear organ like song 5 7 its call can carry for kilometres breeding pairs sing together in a bell like duet for up to an hour in the early morning 5 6 13 different populations in different parts of the north island if any populations of the south island kōkako remain they are at present unknown have distinctly different songs the kōkako is a poor flier and seldom flies more than 100 metres 6 the wings of this species are relatively short and rounded 5 13 it prefers to hop and leap from branch to branch on its powerful grey legs 5 6 13 it does not fly so much as glide and when seen exhibiting this behaviour they will generally scramble up tall trees frequently new zealand podocarps such as rimu and mataī before gliding to others nearby 13 its ecological niche has been compared to that of a flying squirrel 14 its diet consists of leaves fern fronds flowers fruit and invertebrates 8 13 relationship with humans edit a kōkako about to be released in the hunua ranges near auckland māori myth refers to the kōkako in several stories in one notable story a kōkako gave māui water as he fought the sun by filling its plump wattles with water and offering it to māui to quench his thirst 4 māui rewarded kōkako for its kindness by stretching its legs until they were lean long and strong so that kōkako could easily leap through the forest to find food 4 the kōkako appears on the reverse side of the new zealand 50 note 15 see also edit birds of new zealand wattle notes edit the spelling kokako without a macron is common in new zealand english references edit kokako the chambers dictionary 9th ed chambers 2003 isbn 0 550 10105 5 1 2 north island kokako callaeas wilsoni birdlife international retrieved 23 october 2019 south island kokako callaeas cinereus birdlife international retrieved 23 october 2019 1 2 3 4 5 kōkako department of conservation new zealand government retrieved 23 october 2019 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 new zealand ecology kokako terranature retrieved 2019 10 24 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 olliver narena 2005 kokako new zealand birds retrieved 23 october 2019 1 2 kōkako crowned bird of the year forest bird 31 october 2016 retrieved 2019 10 24 1 2 north island kokako new zealand birds online retrieved 23 october 2019 forster johann reinhold 1788 enchiridion historiae naturali inserviens in latin halle germany prostat apud hemmerde et schwetschke p 35 mayr ernst greenway james c jr eds 1962 check list of birds of the world vol 15 cambridge massachusetts museum of comparative zoology p 157 jobling james a 2010 the helm dictionary of scientific bird names london christopher helm p 85 isbn 978 1 4081 2501 4 ewen john g flux ian ericson per gp 2006 systematic affinities of two enigmatic new zealand passerines of high conservation priority the hihi or stitchbird notiomystis cincta and the kokako callaeas cinerea pdf molecular phylogenetics and evolution 40 1 281 84 doi 10 1016 j ympev 2006 01 026 pmid 16527495 archived from the original pdf on 2021 04 19 retrieved 2010 07 29 1 2 3 4 5 6 north island kokako tiritiri matangi open sanctuary supporters of tiritiri matangi inc archived from the original on 2018 08 11 retrieved 2019 10 24 sewell matt 2019 atlas of amazing birds pavilion books isbn 9781843654629 50 reserve bank of new zealand retrieved 2019 10 24 further reading edit murphy s a flux i a and double m c 2006 recent evolutionary history of new zealand s north and south island kokako callaeas cinerea inferred from mitochondrial dna sequences emu 106 41 48 external links edit wikimedia commons has media related to callaeas wilsoni database and map of potential south island kōkako reports kokako recovery a website developed by private enthusiasts to promote the kokako recovery programme j innes i flux 1999 north island kokako recovery plan pdf department of conservation wellington new zealand retrieved 2007 04 18 kōkako vocalizations xeno canto terranature page on wattlebirds artworks featuring kokako archived 2019 09 04 at the wayback machine and specimens of kōkako including albinos archived 2013 04 13 at the wayback machine in the collection of the museum of new zealand te papa tongarewa the role of 1080 poison in pest control for kōkako recovery kokako lost the last days of the great barrier and coromandel crow a journal of 26 months of field research on kōkako in the southern coromandel by sid marsh v t e new zealand wattlebirds family callaeidae genus species the three genera are monotypic callaeas north island kokako south island kokako philesturnus north island saddleback south island saddleback heteralocha huia extinct 1907 deforestation in new zealand invasive species in new zealand biodiversity of new zealand birds of new zealand v t e birds of new zealand common birds bellbird korimako black billed gull tarāpuka brown creeper pipipi brown teal pāteke buff banded rail moho pererū dabchick weweia double banded plover pohowera new zealand falcon kārearea fantail pīwakawaka grey warbler riroriro grey faced petrel ōi sacred kingfisher kōtare long tailed cuckoo koekoeā kererū pipit pīhoihoi new zealand dotterel tūturiwhatu south island robin north island robin new zealand scaup pāpango paradise shelduck pūtangitangi pūkeko rifleman tītipounamu new zealand rock wren pīwauwau shining cuckoo pīpīwharauroa silvereye tauhou south island oystercatcher tōrea spotted shag pārekareka tomtit miromiro tūī variable oystercatcher tōrea pango white fronted tern tara whitehead pōpokotea wrybill ngutuparore flightless birds great spotted kiwi roroa little spotted kiwi kiwi pukupuku north island brown kiwi roroa okarito kiwi rowi southern brown kiwi tokoeka yellow eyed penguin hoiho kākāpō south island takahē fiordland penguin tawaki weka blue penguin kororā endangered endemic birds flying black fronted tern tarapiroe black stilt kakī blue duck whio fernbird mātātā foveaux shag kākā kea north island kōkako south island kōkako new zealand fairy tern tara iti new zealand king shag kawau tūī new zealand storm petrel takahikare northern royal albatross otago shag matapo orange fronted parakeet kākāriki karaka red billed gull tarāpunga north island saddleback tīeke south island saddleback tīeke shore plover tūturuatu stitchbird hihi yellowhead mōhua chatham islands birds black robin karure chatham albatross toroa chatham gerygone chatham oystercatcher tōrea chatham parakeet chatham petrel ranguru chatham pigeon parea chatham shag papua chatham snipe magenta petrel tāiko pitt shag kawau o rangihaute subantarctic islands birds antipodean albatross toroa auckland rail auckland shag auckland teal tētē kākāriki antipodes parakeet bounty shag campbell albatross campbell shag campbell teal erect crested penguin tawaki nana hī reischek s parakeet snares snipe snares penguin pokotiwha subantarctic snipe tutukiwi extinct birds south island piopio piopio new zealand bittern kaoriki new zealand quail koreke huia haast s eagle moa north island adzebill south island adzebill auckland island merganser rakiraki maungahuka chatham island merganser bushwren mātuhituhi long billed wren south island stout legged wren north island stout legged wren lyall s wren chatham kākā laughing owl whēkau chatham penguin waitaha penguin eyles harrier kērangi north island little spotted kiwi north island snipe south island snipe forbes s snipe snipe rail imber s petrel scarlett s shearwater ōiruki north island takahē moho new zealand goose finsch s duck manutahora new zealand owlet nightjar ruru hinapō new zealand musk duck new zealand stiff tailed duck new zealand swan poūwa v t e genera of passerines and their extinct allies kingdom animalia phylum chordata class aves clade psittacopasseres order passeriformes passeriformes incertae sedis corvitalusoides jamna winnicavis yunnanus acanthisitti acanthisittidae acanthisitta dendroscansor kuiornis pachyplichas traversia xenicus eupasseres tyranni crosnoornis jamninkaornis wieslochia eurylaimides calyptomenidae calyptomena smithornis eurylaimidae corydon cymbirhynchus eurylaimus psarisomus pseudocalyptomena sarcophanops serilophus philepittidae neodrepanis philepitta pittidae erythropitta hydrornis pitta sapayoidae sapayoa tyrannides see below passeri see below tyrannides conopophagidae cephalopterus conopophaga pittasoma cotingidae ampelioides ampelion carpodectes carpornis conioptilon cotinga doliornis gymnoderus haematoderus lipaugus querula perissocephalus phibalura phoenicircus phytotoma pipreola porphyrolaema procnias pyroderus rupicola snowornis xipholena zaratornis formicariidae chamaeza formicarius furnariidae berlepschia pseudoseisuropsis sclerurinae geositta sclerurus dendrocolaptinae dendrocolaptini campylorhamphus dendrexetastes dendrocolaptes dendroplex drymornis drymotoxeres glyphorynchus hylexetastes lepidocolaptes nasica xiphocolaptes xiphorhynchus sittasomini certhiasomus dendrocincla deconychura sittasomus furnariinae xenops pygarrhichini microxenops ochetorhynchus pygarrhichas furnariini cinclodes furnarius geocerthia limnornis lochmias phleocryptes premnornis pseudocolaptes tarphonomus upucerthia philydorini anabacerthia anabazenops ancistrops automolus cichlocolaptes clibanornis dendroma heliobletus megaxenops philydor syndactyla thripadectes synallaxini acrobatornis anumbius aphrastura asthenes certhiaxis coryphistera cranioleuca hellmayrea leptasthenura limnoctites margarornis mazaria metopothrix phacellodomus premnoplex pseudasthenes pseudoseisura roraimia schoeniophylax siptornis spartonoica sylviorthorhynchus synallaxis thripophaga xenerpestes grallariidae cryptopezus grallaria grallaricula hylopezus myrmothera melanopareiidae melanopareia pipridae ceratopipra chiroxiphia chloropipo corapipo cryptopipo heterocercus ilicura lepidothrix machaeropterus manacus masius neopelma pipra pseudopipra tyranneutes xenopipo rhinocryptidae acropternis eleoscytalopus eugralla liosceles merulaxis myornis psilorhamphus pteroptochos rhinocrypta scelorchilus scytalopus teledromas thamnophilidae euchrepomidinae euchrepomis myrmornithinae myrmornis pygiptila thamnistes thamnophilinae formicivorini formicivora myrmochanes myrmotherula terenura microrhopiini ammonastes aprositornis clytoctantes epinecrophylla microrhopias myrmophylax myrmorchilus neoctantes pithyini cercomacra cercomacroides drymophila gymnopithys hypocnemis oneillornis phaenostictus phlegopsis pithys rhegmatorhina sciaphylax willisornis pyriglenini akletos ampelornis gymnocichla hafferia hylophylax hypocnemoides myrmeciza myrmelastes myrmoborus myrmoderus percnostola poliocrania pyriglena rhopornis sclateria sipia thamnophilini batara biatas cymbilaimus dichrozona dysithamnus frederickena herpsilochmus hypoedaleus isleria mackenziaena megastictus radinopsyche rhopias sakesphoroides sakesphorus taraba thamnomanes thamnophilus xenornis tityridae iodopleura laniisoma laniocera myiobius onychorhynchus oxyruncus pachyramphus schiffornis terenotriccus tityra xenopsaris tyrannidae agriornis alectrurus anairetes aphanotriccus arundinicola atalotriccus attila calyptura camptostoma capsiempis casiornis cnemarchus cnemotriccus cnipodectes colonia colorhamphus conopias contopus corythopis culicivora elaenia empidonax empidonomus euscarthmus fluvicola griseotyrannus gubernetes guyramemua hemitriccus heteroxolmis hirundinea hymenops inezia knipolegus lathrotriccus legatus lessonia leptopogon lophotriccus machetornis mecocerculus megarynchus mionectes mitrephanes muscigralla muscipipra muscisaxicola myiarchus myiodynastes myiopagis myiophobus myiornis myiotheretes myiotriccus myiozetetes nengetus neopipo neoxolmis nephelomyias nesotriccus ochthoeca ochthornis oncostoma ornithion phelpsia philohydor phyllomyias phylloscartes pipri...
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