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Text of the page (random words):
rmation cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia narrow strip of wood as a base for plaster not to be confused with lathe for other uses see lath disambiguation sawn lath seen from the back with hardened plaster from the other side showing through sawn lath became popular after the introduction of the circular saw in the 19th century roof laths span across between the rafters and support the wood shingles a lath or slat is a thin narrow strip of straight grained wood used under roof shingles or tiles on lath and plaster walls and ceilings to hold plaster and in lattice and trellis work 1 lath has expanded to mean any type of backing material for plaster this includes metal wire mesh or expanded metal that is applied to a wood or metal framework as matrix over which stucco or plaster is applied as well as drywall products called gypsum or rock lath 2 historically reed mat was also used as a lath material one of the key elements of lath whether wooden slats or wire mesh are the openings or gaps that allow plaster or stucco to ooze behind and form a mechanical bond to the lath this is not necessary for gypsum lath which relies on a chemical bond 2 etymology edit the word lath is recorded from the late 13th century and is likely derived from the old english word læððe a variant of lætt this in turn would seem to stem from a proto germanic word laþþo from which have sprung words in many germanic languages e g dutch lat german latte the root has also found its way into romance languages cf italian latta french latte the related german word laden middle high german lade denotes a board plank sash shutter counter and hence also a shop 3 4 types of lath edit riven lath each piece has been split from a log wooden edit wooden slat laths are still used today in building construction to form a base or groundwork for plaster but modern lath and plaster applications are mostly limited to conservation projects 5 tiles slates and other coverings on roofs and walls are often fastened to laths sometimes also called battens or slats such strips of wood are also employed to form lattice work or are used as the bars of venetian blinds and window shutters 6 lath is also used on many tobacco farms in the connecticut valley as a means to carry and hang the plant in barns this is achieved by using one of two methods hooking or spearing a spear lath is a regular lath that is held in an upright position a worker then mounts a spear on top and spears the tobacco onto the lath the other form of lath is called hook lath which has small hooks attached that allows workers to hook the stems of tobacco plants onto the lath often between two lengths of twine attached to the lath and twisted mechanically clarification needed a lathhouse is an open structure roofed with laths in order to grow plants which need shelter from the sun 7 laths were also used to fix reeds to a timber structure before plastering clarification needed in cape cod laths were used in the early 1880s for building wooden lobster traps 8 historically there were three ways of making wood lath for plaster riven lath accordion lath and circular sawn lath riven lath was traditionally split with the grain from chestnut oak and similar hardwoods or from softwoods like eastern white pine individual laths were riven and nailed in place because they are split with the grain riven lath is stronger than later forms of lath production accordion laths are thin sawn boards that are partially split with a hatchet or axe the splits are then spread apart to form gaps for the plaster to key into the name derived from the spreading action which is like pulling an accordion open after the circular saw came into use in the early 19th century lath for plastering was sawn in sawmills and delivered to the building site clarification needed ihe 1930s to 1940s the use of lath and plaster was replaced with plasterboard which was cheaper and easier to use 9 counter lath edit counter lath is a term used in roofing and plastering for a piece of wood placed perpendicular to the lath in roofing a counter lath is a slight piece of timber parallel with and between common rafters to give the lath extra support or a lath placed by eye between every two gauged ones 10 when plastering sometimes a counter lath is placed perpendicular to the lath as a fillet a thin narrow strip of material to space the lath off of the surface to allow the plaster to pass through the lath and create a key 10 metal lath edit bostwick steel lath company advertisement for steel truss loop type metal lath in 1920 metal lath dates from the late 19th century and is used extensively today with plaster and stucco in home and commercial construction in addition to providing a matrix to which the stucco can adhere metal lath adds strength and rigidity citation needed metal lath can be stapled directly to studs and is capable of bending to easily form corners and curves three coats of plaster are required when using metal lath 11 several types of metal lath have been developed for a variety of applications expanded metal lath is made by slitting and pulling apart a thin sheet of metal which produces diamond shape holes through which the plaster can form keys 2 ribbed lath is made from slit and expanded metal with v shaped ribs which give it more stiffness and is designed to span larger distance between framing supports self furring lath is an expanded metal lath which is dimpled to hold itself off from a solid surface wire lath is made from welded or woven wires and is similar to hardware cloth paper backed wire lath is wire lath with building paper attached strip laths is metal lath that is several inches wide and is often used to reinforce joints and on corners corner lath is pre bent for use in making corners wire mesh used on inside corners to prevent cracking is called cornerite 5 gypsum lath edit gypsum lath rock lath consists of gypsum plaster sandwiched between two sheets of absorbent paper the finish side to which plaster is trawled is treated with gypsum crystals for the plaster to chemically bond to and is sometimes perforated to allow mechanical bonding citation needed it is commonly used in place of wood lath since it is noncombustible easy to use and can give better results citation needed gypsum board can be purchased in sheets of various sizes and screwed or nailed directly onto a building s studs due to its rigidity it is most suited for use on straight walls 11 gypsum board was improved in 1910 by the paper wrapping the edges 12 and multiple variations were developed in the 1930s gypsum lath is available with a foil facing which acts as a vapor barrier and heat reflector and as a veneer base for plaster veneer 12 keys edit keys are formed by plaster that oozes through the spaces or gaps between wooden lath or the holes in metal lath and around to the lath s back side this secures the plaster to the lath by creating a sort of hook wooden and metal lath depend on the mechanical bond created by keys to adhere the plaster to the lath 13 framing edit lath can be attached directly to the frame of a building such as the studs of a timber structure alternatively lath can be attached to a timber or metal frame called a furring which is then attached to the building structure furrings are often used in masonry construction frames are also used when using lath and plaster to create decorative curved or ornamental work 14 lath failure edit lath with sections of failing and failed sections there are several reasons that a plaster and lath wall may fail first the lath itself can sometimes pull away from the frame on which it is mounted this is generally due to the use of non galvanized nails the lath can also fail because of decay from moisture or insect damage 15 moisture can also cause wooden lath to expand and contract causing the plaster around it to crack 5 additionally failure can also occur in the plaster keys over time the keys can deteriorate and crack weakening their ability to hold the plaster onto the lath 13 the addition of hair in plaster helps to prevent this by adding strength problems can also occur in the keys if they were not properly formed to begin with which can happen when laths are set too close together for plaster to travel though 15 key failure often manifests as looseness and sagging in walls or ceilings and in worst cases can lead to plaster breakage and collapse 13 repair methods edit repairing damaged lath and plaster walls is generally more economical than replacing it often the plaster needs the repairs and not the lath itself as long as the lath and the first coats brown coat of plaster do not have any significant damage minor cracks can simply be patched for larger cracks and when the brown coat is damaged several base coats need to be applied prior to the patch coat metal lath can also be added to wooden lath prior to coating to add strength and increase keying 5 if the back side of the lath is accessible it is possible to create new keys where they have failed this is most often done by conservators when one wants to maintain the original finished surface of the wall or ceiling after bracing the failing plaster in place a bonding agent and a plaster are applied to the back of the laths and forced through the gaps to the back side of the original plaster 5 benefits of lath edit lath and plaster walls have several benefits including fire and mold resistance soundproofing and heat insulation though wooden lath can be susceptible to mold growth and decay metal lath covered in plaster creates an environment that is inhospitable to toxic molds metal lath and plaster walls can be twice as resistant to fire as drywall and are capable of achieving a two hour fire rating with a 2 inch thick 5 1 cm assembly two inches of plaster and lath can also achieve the same decibel rating as 4 7 8 inches 12 cm of drywall 16 see also edit look up lath in wiktionary the free dictionary wikisource has the text of the 1911 encyclopædia britannica article lath garden trellis lath art lattice truss bridge plasterwork laths references edit lath def 1 oxford english dictionary second edition on cd rom v 4 0 oxford university press 2009 1 2 3 ching frank a visual dictionary of architecture new york van nostrand reinhold 1995 198 print lath def 1 whitney william dwight and benjamin e smith the century dictionary and cyclopedia vol 4 new york century co 1901 3364 print http triggs djvu org century dictionary com djvu2jpgframes php volno 04 page 695 accessed 1 11 2014 lath origin and meaning of lath by online etymology dictionary www etymonline com archived from the original on 24 september 2015 retrieved 27 april 2018 1 2 3 4 5 national park service preservation brief 21 repairing historic flat plaster walls and ceilings nps gov archived from the original on june 11 2013 retrieved 27 april 2018 one or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain chisholm hugh ed 1911 lath encyclopædia britannica vol 16 11th ed cambridge university press p 241 definition of lathhouse www merriam webster com archived from the original on 3 april 2018 retrieved 27 april 2018 the american lobster history of lobster fishing processing www parl ns ca archived from the original on 2017 08 22 retrieved 2017 12 06 robinson tom 2020 02 12 lath and plaster vs board and skim high performance healthy building materials retrieved 2023 09 05 1 2 counter lath def 1 b oxford english dictionary second edition on cd rom v 4 0 oxford university press 2009 1 2 national kitchen and bath association 2013 kitchen bath residential construction and systems 2nd edition john wiley sons p 118 1 2 the gypsum industry pdf gypsum association archived from the original pdf on 2014 01 12 retrieved 2014 01 11 1 2 3 u s department of agriculture 2012 selecting and renovating an old house a complete guide courier corporation united states bureau of labor statistics bulletin of the united states bureau of labor statistics u s government printing office 1980 1 2 douglas james 2013 building surveys and reports 4th edition john wiley sons how lath and plaster can solve building management headaches real estate weekly 51 s15 v t e wood products lumber timber batten beam bressummer cls cruck flitch beam flooring joist lath log building log cabin log house molding panelling plank plate post purlin rafter railroad ties reclaimed shingle siding sill stud timber truss treenail truss utility pole engineered wood cross laminated timber glued laminated timber veneer lvl parallel strand i joist fiberboard hardboard masonite mdf oriented strand board oriented structural straw board particle board plywood structural insulated panel wood plastic composite lumber fuelwood charcoal biochar firelog firewood pellet fuel wood fuel fibers cardboard corrugated fiberboard paper paperboard pulp pulpwood rayon derivatives birch tar cellulose nano hemicellulose cellulosic ethanol dyes lignin liquid smoke lye methanol pyroligneous acid pine tar pitch sandalwood oil tannin wood gas by products barkdust black liquor ramial chipped wood sawdust tall oil wood flour wood wool woodchips historical axe ties bavin wood billet wood clapboard dugout canoe potash sawdust brandy split rail fence tanbark timber framing wooden masts see also biomass certified wood destructive distillation dry distillation engineered bamboo forestry green building and wood list of woods mulch non timber forest products natural building papermaking reclaimed lumber timber recycling wood drying wood preservation wood processing woodworking yakisugi category commons wikiproject forestry retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title lath oldid 1374315982 categories building materials wood products hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata articles containing old english ca 450 1100 language text articles containing italian language text articles containing french language text articles containing middle high german ca 1050 1500 language text wikipedia articles needing clarification from october 2020 wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 encyclopaedia britannica with wikisource reference wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 encyclopædia britannica all articles with unsourced statements articles with unsourced statements from october 2020 this page was last edited on 11 september 2026 at 06 55 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia 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