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linear molecular geometry wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 see also 2 references 3 external links toggle the table of contents linear molecular geometry 19 languages العربية čeština dansk ελληνικά español فارسی français עברית 日本語 한국어 nederlands română simple english slovenčina svenska தமிழ் türkçe українська 中文 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia redirected from linear molecule 3d shape of molecules in which all bond angles are 180 linear molecular geometry examples carbon dioxide co 2 xenon difluoride xef 2 point group d h coordination number 2 bond angle s 180 μ polarity 0 structure of beryllium fluoride bef 2 a compound with a linear geometry at the beryllium atom the linear molecular geometry describes the geometry around a central atom bonded to two other atoms or ligands placed at a bond angle of 180 linear organic molecules such as acetylene hc ch are often described by invoking sp orbital hybridization for their carbon centers two sp orbitals according to the vsepr model valence shell electron pair repulsion model linear geometry occurs at central atoms with two bonded atoms and zero or three lone pairs ax 2 or ax 2 e 3 in the axe notation neutral ax 2 molecules with linear geometry include beryllium fluoride f be f with two single bonds 1 carbon dioxide o c o with two double bonds 2 hydrogen cyanide h c n with one single and one triple bond the most important linear molecule with more than three atoms is acetylene h c c h in which each of its carbon atoms is considered to be a central atom with a single bond to one hydrogen and a triple bond to the other carbon atom linear anions include azide n n n and thiocyanate s c n and a linear cation is the nitronium ion o n o 3 linear geometry also occurs in ax 2 e 3 molecules such as xenon difluoride xef 2 4 and the triiodide ion i 3 with one iodide bonded to the two others as described by the vsepr model the five valence electron pairs on the central atom form a trigonal bipyramid in which the three lone pairs occupy the less crowded equatorial positions and the two bonded atoms occupy the two axial positions at the opposite ends of an axis forming a linear molecule linear molecules have two degrees of rotational freedom 2 see also edit chemistry portal physics portal axe method molecular geometry references edit housecroft c e sharpe a g 2004 inorganic chemistry 2nd ed prentice hall p 43 isbn 978 0 13 039913 7 1 2 rennie richard 2020 a dictionary of chemistry oxford quick reference 8 ed oxford oxford university press p 33 isbn 978 0 19 884122 7 greenwood n n earnshaw a 1997 chemistry of the elements 2nd ed oxford butterworth heinemann isbn 0 7506 3365 4 housecroft c e sharpe a g 2004 inorganic chemistry 2nd ed prentice hall p 47 isbn 978 0 13 039913 7 external links edit indiana university molecular structure center interactive molecular examples for point groups molecular modeling animated trigonal planar visual v t e molecular geometry vsepr theory coordination number coordination number 2 linear bent coordination number 3 trigonal planar trigonal pyramidal t shaped coordination number 4 tetrahedral seesaw square planar coordination number 5 trigonal bipyramidal square pyramidal pentagonal planar coordination number 6 octahedral trigonal prismatic pentagonal pyramidal coordination number 7 pentagonal bipyramidal capped octahedral capped trigonal prismatic coordination number 8 square antiprismatic dodecahedral bicapped trigonal prismatic cubic coordination number 9 tricapped trigonal prismatic capped square antiprismatic category retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title linear_molecular_geometry oldid 1351319660 category molecular geometry hidden categories articles with short description short description with empty wikidata description this page was last edited on 27 april 2026 at 07 01 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie 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