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d remains the youngest person ever selected to train for spaceflight september 17 nasa group 2 the next nine aka the nifty nine the new nine usa neil armstrong frank borman pete conrad jim lovell jim mcdivitt elliot see tom stafford ed white and john young a second group of nine astronauts was selected by nasa in september 1962 all of this group flew missions in the gemini program except elliot see who died in a flight accident while preparing for the gemini 9 flight all of the others also flew on apollo except for ed white who died in the apollo 1 launchpad fire three of this group mcdivitt borman and armstrong made single flights in both gemini and apollo four others young lovell stafford and conrad each made two flights in gemini and at least one flight in apollo young and lovell both made two apollo flights conrad and stafford also made second flights in apollo spacecraft conrad on skylab 2 and stafford in apollo soyuz six of this group borman lovell stafford young armstrong and conrad made flights to the moon lovell and young went to the moon twice armstrong conrad and young walked on the moon mcdivitt was later apollo program director and became the first general officer and would have been either the prime lm pilot or backup commander for apollo 14 but left nasa due to a conflict between alan shepard and deke slayton john young also later flew on the space shuttle sts 1 and sts 9 and would retire from nasa in 2004 42 years after becoming an astronaut he was both the first and last of his group to go into space the last surviving member of this group was jim lovell he died in 2025 september 19 dyna soar group 2 usa on september 19 1962 albert crews was added to the dyna soar program and the names of the six active dyna soar astronauts were announced to the public the last surviving member of this group was albert crews he died in 2025 1963 edit january 10 air force group 2 ussr ru 2 й набор космонавтов цпк ввс 1963 yuri artyukhin eduard buinovski ru lev dyomin georgy dobrovolsky anatoly filipchenko aleksei gubarev vladislav gulyayev ru pyotr kolodin eduard kugno ru anatoli kuklin ru aleksandr matinchenko ru vladimir shatalov lev vorobyov ru anatoly voronov ru vitaly zholobov october 17 1963 nasa group 3 the fourteen usa buzz aldrin william anders charles bassett alan bean eugene cernan roger chaffee michael collins walter cunningham donn eisele theodore freeman richard gordon russell schweickart david scott clifton williams while four members of group 3 died in accidents before ever reaching space chaffee in the apollo 1 fire bassett freeman and williams in crashes of nasa t 38 jet trainers the other ten all flew on the apollo program aldrin bean cernan and scott walked on the moon five of them aldrin cernan collins gordon and scott also flew missions during the gemini program cernan would be the only astronaut from this group to fly to the moon twice being assigned to both apollo 10 and apollo 17 while bean would command the skylab 3 mission 1964 edit january 25 air force group 2 supplemental ussr georgi beregovoi 1921 1995 may 26 voskhod group medical group 1 ussr ru набор космонавтов для полёта на корабле восход 1964 vladimir benderov ru georgy katys vasili lazarev boris polyakov 1938 2021 aleksei sorokin boris yegorov the last surviving member of this group is boris polyakov june 11 civilian specialist group 1 ussr konstantin feoktistov 1926 2009 1965 edit june 1 journalist group 1 ussr in 1965 three civilian journalists yaroslav golovanov yuri letunov ru mikhail rebrov ru were selected for cosmonaut training in preparation for flight on a voskhod mission when the voskhod program was canceled golovanov and letunov were dismissed rebrov on the other hand stayed with the space program as a journalist until 1974 the last surviving member of this group was yaroslav golovanov he died in 2003 june 1 medical group 2 ussr three physicians were selected for the long duration voskhod flights yevgeni illyin born 1937 aleksandr kiselyov born 1934 yuri senkevich all were subsequently canceled to make way for the soviet moon program and dismissed at the beginning of the following year june 28 nasa group 4 the scientists usa owen garriott edward gibson duane graveline joseph kerwin curt michel harrison schmitt graveline and michel left nasa without flying in space schmitt walked on the moon with apollo 17 garriott gibson and kerwin all flew to skylab garriott also flew on space shuttle flight sts 9 becoming the first amateur radio operator callsign w5lfl to operate from orbit october 28 air force group 3 ussr ru 3 й набор космонавтов цпк ввс 1965 boris belousov cosmonaut ru vladimir degtyarov born 1932 anatoli fyodorov ru yuri glazkov vitali grishchenko ru veygeni khludeyev ru leonid kizim pyotr klimuk gennadi kolesnikov ru aleksandr kramarenko ru mikhail lisun ru aleksandr petrushenko ru vladimir preobrazhensky ru valery rozhdestvensky gennadi sarafanov ansar sharafutdinov born 1939 vasili shcheglov ru aleksandr skvortsov 1942 2024 eduard stepanov ru valeri voloshin ru oleg yakovlev cosmonaut ru vyacheslav zudov this cosmonaut group was selected for participation in five separate soyuz programmes that the ussr was running these included military programs with and without the almaz salyut space stations and two lunar programs only one of which aimed at an actual lunar landing in the end only the orbital program and the space station program went ahead few of the cosmonauts from this group ever were given the chance to fly november usaf mol group 1 usa michael j adams albert h crews jr john l finley richard e lawyer lachlan macleay francis g neubeck james m taylor richard h truly this group was selected for training for the us air force s manned orbiting laboratory mol program of this group only truly transferred to nasa after the cancellation of the mol program and later flew on the space shuttle in 1989 truly became the first astronaut to be nasa administrator 1966 edit april 4 nasa group 5 usa vance brand john s bull gerald carr charles duke joseph engle ronald evans edward givens fred haise james irwin don lind jack lousma ken mattingly bruce mccandless ii edgar mitchell william pogue stuart roosa jack swigert paul weitz alfred worden veteran astronaut john young christened this group the original nineteen in parody of the original seven mercury astronauts 4 roughly half of them flew in the apollo program while others flew during skylab and the space shuttle with brand also flying on the american half of the apollo soyuz test project in 1975 engle was the only nasa astronaut to have earned his astronaut wings before his selection two of this group never flew into space givens was killed in a car accident in 1967 and bull resigned from the astronaut corps in 1968 after discovering he had pulmonary disease engle lind and mccandless were the only ones from this group who never flew an apollo spacecraft brand haise lousma mattingly and weitz all flew both an apollo and a shuttle though haise only flew the approach and landing tests in the shuttle program not into space may 23 civilian specialist group 2 ussr sergei anokhin vladimir bugrov gennadi dolgopolov georgi grechko valeri kubasov oleg makarov vladislav volkov aleksei yeliseyev june 30 usaf mol group 2 usa karol bobko robert crippen gordon fullerton henry hartsfield robert overmyer this group was selected for training for the us air force s mol program all transferred to nasa after the mol program was canceled and all five flew on the space shuttle as pilot astronauts as of 2024 the only surviving member is robert crippen september military cosmonaut group ussr pavel popovich alexei gubarev yuri artyukhin vladimir gulyaev boris belousov and gennadiy kolesnikov cosmonaut training for the soyuz 7k vi zvezda program a radically modified soyuz in december 1967 the project was closed 5 1966 67 military cosmonaut group ussr cosmonauts training for aerospace system project spiral 1969 the 4th division of the 1st cosmonaut training center management gherman titov 1966 70 anatoly kuklin 1966 67 vasily lazarev 1966 67 anatoly filipchenko 1966 67 leonid kizim 1969 73 vladimir kozelskiy august 1969 october 1971 vladimir lyakhov 1969 73 yury malyshev 1969 73 alexander petrushenko 1970 73 anatoly berezovoy 1972 73 anatoly dedkov 1972 73 vladimir dzhanibekov july december 1972 yuri romanenko 1972 and lev vorobyov 1973 in 1973 the department was disbanded in connection with the termination of the project 1967 edit january 31 civilian specialist group 2 supplemental ussr nikolai rukavishnikov and vitali sevastyanov the last surviving member of this group was vitali sevastyanov he died in 2010 february soviet crewed lunar programs cosmonauts in two training groups ussr first group commanded by vladimir komarov gagarin nikolayev bykovskiy khrunov engineer cosmonauts gorbatko grechko sevastyanov kubasov volkov second group commanded by alexei leonov popovich belyayev volynov klimuk engineer cosmonauts makarov voronov rukavishnikov artyukhin may 7 air force group 4 ussr ru 4 й набор космонавтов цпк ввс 1967 vladimir alekseyev ru vladimir beloborodov ru mikhail burdayev ru sergei gaidukov ru vladimir isakov born 1940 vladimir kovalyonok vladimir kozelsky born 1942 vladimir lyakhov yuri malyshev viktor pisarev born 1941 nikolai porvatkin ru mikhail sologub ru may 22 academy of sciences group ussr mars fathulin rudolf gulyayev ordinard kolomitsev vsevolod yegorov valentin yershov june usaf mol group 3 usa james abrahamson robert herres robert h lawrence jr and donald peterson this group was selected for training for the us air force s mol program lawrence was the first african american to be chosen as an astronaut but was killed in a jet accident before the mol program was canceled in 1969 had lawrence not died he would have been if accepted by nasa the first african american astronaut candidate predating guion bluford ronald mcnair and frederick gregory by nine years peterson transferred to nasa in 1969 after the mol cancellation and would fly on the space shuttle herres would later become the first vice chairman of the joint chiefs of staff under the goldwater nichols act in 1987 as of 2023 the only surviving member is james abrahamson october 4 nasa group 6 xs 11 the excess eleven usa joseph allen philip chapman anthony w england karl henize donald holmquest william b lenoir anthony llewellyn story musgrave brian o leary robert parker william thornton this second group of scientist astronauts were assigned as support crew members for the last three apollo missions or as backup crew members for skylab chapman holmquest llewellyn and o leary resigned from nasa before the end of the apollo program and the rest of the group members eventually flew as mission specialists during the space shuttle program with his flight on sts 80 at the age of 61 musgrave held the title of oldest astronaut prior to john glenn s second flight and subsequently don pettit s most recent flight england resigned from nasa in 1972 but rejoined the astronaut corps in 1979 1968 edit may 27 civilian specialist group 3 ussr vladimir fartushny viktor patsayev valeri yazdovsky 1969 edit august 14 nasa group 7 usa karol bobko robert crippen gordon fullerton henry hartsfield robert overmyer donald h peterson richard truly this group is all usaf mol astronauts who transferred to nasa after the cancellation of the mol program in 1969 all flew on early space shuttle flights truly in 1989 would become the first astronaut to be nasa administrator holding the post until 1992 as of july 2024 the final surviving member of this group is robert crippen september 10 civilian engineer group ussr anatoli demyanenko valeriy makrushin and dmitri yuyukov 1970 edit april 27 air force group 5 ussr ru 5 й набор космонавтов цпк ввс 1970 anatoli berezovoi aleksandr dedkov vladimir dzhanibekov nikolai fefelov valeri illarianov yuri isaulov vladimir kozlov leonid popov yuri romanenko 1971 edit february 25 1971 scientific group ussr gurgen ivanyan may shuguang group 1970 china chai hongliang dong xiaohai du jincheng fang guojun hu zhanzi li shichang liu chongfu liu zhongyi lu xiangxiao ma zizhong meng senlin shao zhijian wang fuhe wang fuquan wang quanbo wang rongsen wang zhiyue yu guilin zhang ruxiang 1972 edit march 22 civilian specialist group 4 ussr boris andreyev valentin lebedev yuri ponomaryov march 22 medical group 3 ussr ru отряд космонавтов имбп georgi machinski valeri polyakov lev smirenny 1973 edit march 27 civilian specialist group 5 ussr vladimir aksyonov vladimir gevorkyan aleksandr ivanchenkov valeri romanov valery ryumin gennady strekalov 1974 edit january 1 physician group ussr ziyadin abuzyarov 1976 edit august 23 air force group 6 space shuttle buran crew ussr ru 6 й набор космонавтов цпк ввс 1976 leonid ivanov leonid kadenyuk nikolai moskalenko sergei protchenko yevgeni saley anatoly solovyev vladimir titov vladimir vasyutin alexander volkov 6 7 circular reference protchenko was removed from the squad for health reasons ivanov was killed in the crash of a mig 27 during test pilot training and kadenyuk was removed from the squad over marital issues but accepted back into the cosmonaut detachment in 1988 vasyutin concealed a medical condition from doctors that resulted in his falling ill during the soyuz t 14 salyut 7 eo 4 flight causing the premature termination of the mission 4 months early this resulted in more stringent cosmonaut medical checks which moskalenko and saley failed 8 november 25 1976 intercosmos group ussr mirosław hermaszewski poland zenon jankowski poland sigmund jähn east germany eberhard köllner east germany oldřich pelčák czechoslovakia vladimír remek czechoslovakia 1977 edit imbd ussr ru отряд космонавтов имбп july 12 the first group of test pilots for buran gromov flight research institute group ussr igor volk oleg grigoriyevich kononenko anatoly levchenko nikolai sadovnikov rimantas stankevicius and alexander schukin 1978 edit january 16 nasa group 8 tfng thirty five new guys usa pilots daniel brandenstein michael coats richard covey john creighton robert gibson frederick d gregory frederick hauck jon mcbride francis dick scobee brewster shaw loren shriver david walker donald williams mission specialists guion bluford james buchli john fabian anna fisher dale gardner s david griggs terry hart steven hawley jeffrey hoffman shannon lucid ronald mcnair richard mullane steven nagel george nelson ellison onizuka judith resnik sally ride rhea seddon robert stewart kathryn d sullivan norman thagard james van hoften due to the long delay between the last apollo mission and the first flight of the space shuttle in 1981 few astronauts from the older groups stayed with nasa though some did including john young thus in 1978 a new group of 35 astronauts was selected after 9 years without new astronauts including the first american female astronauts with one of them judith resnik also being the first jewish ameri...