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longjia language wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 classification 2 dialects 3 phonology 4 nanjinghua 5 see also 6 references 7 further reading 8 external links toggle the table of contents longjia language 5 languages galego bahasa indonesia igbo tiếng việt 中文 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia endangered sino tibetan language of china longjia songnibao suŋ55 ni55 mpau21 pronunciation suŋ ni mpau native to china region guizhou ethnicity longjia extinct possibly by 2011 1 language family sino tibetan sinitic macro bai cai long 2 3 longjia luren 2 4 longjia dialects pojiao huaxi jiangyizhai caiguan language codes iso 639 3 none mis glottolog long1417 longjia autonym suŋ55 ni55 mpau21 is a sino tibetan language of guizhou china related to caijia and luren 2 longjia may already be extinct zhao 2011 the longjia people now speak southwestern mandarin though they used to speak their own language and have had a long presence in western guizhou according to the guizhou ethnic gazetteer 2002 5 the longjia language was spoken in dafang county qianxi county zhongping district 中坪区 xinfacun 新发村 of pojiao district 坡脚区 and puding county jiangyizhai 讲义寨 of baiyan township 白岩乡 it is reportedly most similar to caijia 5 and has many old chinese loanwords 6 classification edit further information macro bai languages a 1984 report 3 shows that longjia is closely related to caijia and luren however the classification of caijia within sino tibetan is uncertain zhengzhang 2010 7 suggests that caijia and bai are sister languages while sagart argues that caijia is sinitic and a close relative of waxiang 8 dialects edit the following dialects of longjia have been described pojiao district 坡脚区 dafang county guizhou 9 3 pojiao district now comprises maochang 猫场镇 dingxin 鼎新彝族苗族乡 and lütang 绿塘乡 townships of southwestern dafang county huaxi village 花溪大队 zhongping district 中坪区 qianxi county 3 now huaxi township 花溪彝族苗族乡 jiangyizhai 讲义寨 puding county 3 caiguan town 蔡官镇 anshun city guizhou 10 the following comparative word list of three longjia dialects is from guizhou 1984 2 3 3 guizhou 1984 notes that the dialect of jiangyizhai 讲义寨 puding county is divergent while the dialects of pojiao 坡脚 dafang county and huaxi 花溪 qianxi county are more closely related to each other english gloss chinese gloss pojiao 坡脚 huaxi 花溪 jiangyizhai 讲义寨 cattle 牛 ŋau55 ŋau55 ŋau35 to eat 吃 ua31 ua31 ua31 dog 狗 kuɛ33 kuɛ33 kuɛ53 pig 猪 lɛ55 lɛ55 lɛ35 chicken 鸡 kɛ55 kɛ55 kɛ55 rice crop 稻谷 mɛ31 mɛ31 mai31 water 水 ɕi31 ɕe31 se31 big 大 la55 la55 lɛ31 two 二 ta31 ta31 to33 four 四 sɿ55 si55 so55 meat 肉 ȵi31 ȵi31 ȵi31 ntɕi31 phonology edit the puding county almanac 1999 reports that the longjia language autonym songnibao 松泥保 has 38 onsets and 22 rimes 8 simple 14 complex the bijie county almanac 1996 143 reports that there are many prenasalized onsets in dafang county the autonym is songlibao 松立保 6 the most extensive lexical data of longjia can be found in zhang li 1982 11 nanjinghua edit the nanjing people 南京人 have usually been classified with the longjia people and claim to be descendants of soldiers from the nanjing area who had intermarried with the local longjia in guizhou 1 their language is known as nanjinghua 南京话 nanjing speech which is probably now functionally extinct 12 in jianxinhe village 建新河村 kunzhai township 昆寨乡 nayong county guizhou province the phrase suo55 mu33 eat rice was elicited from an elderly rememberer of nanjinghua 12 as suo55 is derived from proto tibeto burman dzya to eat this points to nanjinghua having an svo word order like caijia longjia bai and sinitic languages 12 see also edit macro bai comparative vocabulary list wiktionary references edit 1 2 zhao weifeng 赵卫峰 2011 history of the bai people of guizhou 贵州白族史略 yinchuan china ningxia people s press 宁夏人民出版社 isbn 9787227046783 1 2 3 hölzl andreas 2021 longjia china language contexts language documentation and description 20 13 34 1 2 3 4 5 6 guizhou provincial ethnic classification commission 贵州省民族识别工作队 1984 report on ethnic classification issues of the nanlong people nanjing longjia 南龙人 南京 龙家 族别问题调查报告 m s hammarström harald forkel robert haspelmath martin bank sebastian 2023 07 10 glottolog 4 8 longjia luren glottolog leipzig max planck institute for evolutionary anthropology doi 10 5281 zenodo 7398962 archived from the original on 2023 09 13 retrieved 2023 09 06 1 2 guizhou province gazetteer ethnic gazetteer 贵州省志 民族志 2002 guiyang guizhou ethnic publishing house 貴州民族出版社 1 2 dafang county almanac 1996 150 152 zhèngzhāng shàngfāng 郑张尚芳 2010 càijiāhuà báiyǔ guānxì jí cígēn bǐjiào 蔡家话白语关系及词根比较 in pān wǔyún and shěn zhōngwěi 潘悟云 沈钟伟 eds yánjūzhī lè the joy of research 研究之乐 庆祝王士元先生七十五寿辰学术论文集 ii 389 400 shanghai shanghai educational publishing house sagart laurent 2011 classifying chinese dialects sinitic languages on shared innovations talk given at centre de recherches linguistiques sur l asie orientale norgent sur marne guizhou provincial ethnic classification commission linguistic division 贵州省民族识别工作队语言组 1982 the language of the caijia caijia de yuyan 蔡家的语言 m s caiguan town gazetteer 蔡官镇志 2004 guiyang guizhou people s press 贵州人民出版社 zhang jimin 张济民 li juewei 李珏伟 1982 yuyan diaocha dagang dafang longjiayu 语言调查大纲 大方龙家语 unpublished manuscript 1 2 3 hsiu andrew 2013 new endangered tibeto burman languages of southwestern china mondzish longjia pherbu and others presented at icstll 46 dartmouth college further reading edit guizhou provincial ethnic classification commission linguistic division 贵州省民族识别工作队语言组 1982 the language of the caijia caijia de yuyan 蔡家的语言 m s guizhou provincial ethnic classification commission 贵州省民族识别工作队 1984 report on ethnic classification issues of the nanlong people nanjing longjia 南龙人 南京 龙家 族别问题调查报告 m s hsiu andrew 2013 new endangered tibeto burman languages of southwestern china mondzish longjia pherbu and others presentation given at icstll 46 dartmouth college zhao weifeng 赵卫峰 2011 history of the bai people of guizhou 贵州白族史略 yinchuan china ningxia people s press 宁夏人民出版社 isbn 978 7 227 04678 3 hölzl andreas 2021 longjia china language contexts language documentation and description vol 20 13 34 hölzl andreas 2021b prenasalization in longjia the 34th paris meeting on east asian linguistics jlao 34 7 9 july 2021 paris hölzl andreas 2022a a typological profile of longjia an archaic sinitic language 14th conference of the association for linguistic typology alt austin 15 17 december 2022 online hölzl andreas 2022b longjia an archaic sinitic language centre de recherches linguistiques sur l asie orientale crlao paris 25 october 2022 external links edit longjia field notes 2013 v t e sino tibetan languages sinitic chinese mandarin yue hakka min wu hui gan xiang jin pinghua bai cai long caijia longjia luren tibeto burman bodish tibetan central amdo khams dzongkha ladakhi balti lahuli spiti kyirong kagate sherpa jirel east bodish tshangla basum nam burmo qiangic lolo burmese burmish burmese standard intha danu rakhine tavoyan achang lhao vo lashi zaiwa mondzish loloish qiangic gyalrongic ersuic naic greater magaric magaric magar kham chepangic chepang bhujel raji raute dura tandrange naga ao angami pochuri meitei tangkhulic western naga zeliangrong sal boro garo konyak jingpho luish gongduk ʼole kho bwa puroik tani chamdo tujia nungish karenic gong kathu west himalayish tamangic newaric newar baram thangmi kiranti dhimalish dhimal toto lhokpu lepcha karbi kuki chin miju mruic mru hkongso pyu taman bailang proposed groupings central tibeto burman kuki chin naga macro bai mahakiranti rung tibeto kanauri proto languages proto sino tibetan proto tibeto burman proto loloish proto karenic proto min proto hakka italics indicates single languages that are also considered to be separate branches retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title longjia_language oldid 1356862362 categories cai long languages extinct languages of asia hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata articles containing uncoded language text pages with plain ipa this page was last edited on 30 may 2026 at 08 12 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site 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