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nd lands owned by urbanists pushing the settled rural population who had no control over their properties or farm products to either join the pastoral nomads or leave their villages the khorrambad plains were taken by the baharvand tribe 15 visiting the region in 1917 cecil j edmonds noted that khorramabad was the only city in the province and that all villages had been ruined or deserted when rawlinson had visited the area in 1836 he contrarily noted after breakfast i rode into khorramabad a distance of 5 miles from the foot of the hills through a richly cultivated district thronged with villages and garden 16 pahlavi iran 1920s 1979 conquest of lorestan the establishment of pahlavi iran by reza shah in the 1920s demanded a change in the traditional relationship between the state and the locals this demand for change resulted in a war in the spring of 1922 and subsequently the subjugation of the locals 17 while having support among the urban population along with the leaders of the sagvand and baharvand tribes many tribal leaders were skeptical of a returning state power to lorestan in a statement to the tribesmen in lorestan in 1924 the shah stated that he equated nomadic pastoralism to savagery and the tribal way of life as an obstacle to modernization and progress conquering the anarchic lorestan was important to the shah economically politically militarily and symbolically and is also paved the way for the state to conquer khuzestan no reliable sources exist on the capture of lorestan and no mention of the atrocities against the local population nor the assistance of some tribes for the shah 18 the laki speaking beiranvand was the most troublesome tribe for the state and confrontations between the tribe and state took place in the silakhor plain near borujerd in late spring of 1922 other tribes did not confront the pahlavi forces due to disunity while the governor of lorestan believed it was inappropriate for him to confront the shah because he was a state representative nevertheless he did not support shah rule over lorestan who he considered a debased cossack 19 in december 1923 the small army of the shah around 2 500 men advanced toward khorramabad but its first column was fully wiped out by the beirvanvand tribe and their arms and ammunition was looted the second column succeeded in breaking the siege on khorramabad and was welcomed by the local population as the tribes were at their winter territories faraway from the city the new state would appoint local people as officials including the most powerful man in lorestan who was appointed governor of tarhan district and shir mohammad khan of the sagvand tribe was asked to be advisor for the governor and the army the baharvand leaders worked hard to prevent any confrontation between the army and the tribes but general ahmadi went ahead with executions resulting in bloodshed and a continuation of hostilities both leaders from the rebellious beiranvand and tribal leaders who had supported the shah against the beiranvand were executed the beiranvand tribe would consequently rebel again while other tribes avoided continued confrontation despite being distrustful to the new state other tribes who did rebel were the kurdish chegini tribe and the romani 20 they were successful as they fought defeated and looted the army the news angered general shah bakhti who chose to send his own force to the region but his men never reached khorramabad as the chegini caught and beat him and moreover killed around 120 of his men 21 the defeat and humiliation of the army reached the beiranvands who then urged for a unified tribal attack against the army and received support from the papi baharvand chegini tribes and half of the judaki tribe these tribes collectively attacked khorramabad in late may 1924 and drove the army into the fortresses in the city as they suffered large casualties again with armaments taken by the tribes the tribes then sieged the city for 38 days which forced general shah bakhti to retreat to borujerd with the blessing of the shah however the leader of the sagvands persuaded the general to not retreat as the army would be wiped out and noted that the tribes could not fight for a long time because of the shortage of ammunition and lack of provisions during this period the army received endless support from the population of khorramabad by june 1924 general ahmadi was dispatched with his army to khorramabad and began fighting the tribes but with no results during the siege consultations were taking place between tribe and the state to end the conflict and the baharvand tribe was the first tribe to withdraw from the tribal alliance due to a dispute over captured cannon and other matters the judaki papi and chegini would follow suit forcing the beiranvand tribe to withdraw as well the subsequent conquest of lorestan is attributed to the alliance of the shah with some dedicated tribes reza shah visited lorestan in the summer of 1924 as he was planning on attacking khuzestan and some tribes including the sagvand would enter dezful with the army without any incident 22 1979 present in late december 2025 the city of noorabad experienced high tensions as the population joined the protests that spread throughout iran following the economic crisis 23 historical maps luristan in 1706 08 luristan in 1720 luristan in 1780 90 luristan in 1831 luristan in 1863 c1860 luristan in 1875 luristan 1875 luristan in the russo british pact in 1907 demographics language and ethnicity linguistic composition of the province in 2023 24 lorestan linguistic composition language percent laki 27 92 northern lori 25 42 persian 21 65 north zagros 12 44 bakhtiari 11 16 turkic 0 75 mixed 0 66 lurs lorestan province is one of the main settlements of the lur people and the northern variety luri language is the main language of the province 25 northern luri is also spoken in southern ilam and khuzestan provinces 26 27 lurs form the majority of the population of khorramabad the largest city and the capital of the province borujerd and dorud the second and the third largest cities of the province respectively 10 khorramabad is also the largest luri speaking city in iran and the world 28 29 kurds the northern part of lorestan is populated by the kurds of the lak tribe who were estimated to constitute over 65 of the population in the province in 1980 30 31 laks live in the delfan dowreh and selseleh counties which are populated by various subtribes including the chegini itivand kakavand nurali and papi 30 32 oshtorinan district in borujerd county is moreover populated by the hasanvand tribe 33 aligudarz county azna county kuhdasht county khorramabad county and pol e dokhtar county are ethnically mixed and populated by both kurdish and luri tribes 34 35 36 population at the time of the 2006 national census the province s population was 1 689 650 in 382 805 households 37 the 2011 national census counted 1 754 243 residents in 462 260 households 38 the 2016 census measured the population of the province as 1 760 649 inhabitants in 509 025 households 1 administrative divisions further information counties of iran the population history and structural changes of lorestan province s administrative divisions over three consecutive censuses are shown in the following table lorestan province counties 2006 37 2011 38 2016 1 aligudarz 134 802 140 275 137 534 azna 70 462 71 586 74 936 borujerd 320 547 337 631 326 452 chegeni b 43 221 41 756 delfan 137 385 144 161 143 973 dorud 159 026 162 800 174 508 khorramabad 509 251 487 167 506 471 kuhdasht 209 821 218 921 166 658 mamulan c pol e dokhtar 74 537 75 327 73 744 rumeshkan d 39 058 selseleh 73 819 73 154 75 559 total 1 689 650 1 754 243 1 760 649 cities according to the 2016 census 1 134 908 people over 64 of the population of lorestan province live in the following cities 1 city population aleshtar 33 558 aligudarz 89 268 azna 47 489 bayranshahr 1 720 borujerd 234 997 chalanchulan 2 223 chaqabol 6 125 darb e gonbad 2 131 dorud 121 638 firuzabad 3 399 garab 3 295 haft cheshmeh 870 khorramabad 373 416 kuhdasht 89 091 kunani 7 768 mamulan 7 656 momenabad 1 821 nurabad 65 547 oshtorinan 5 520 pol e dokhtar 26 352 sarab e dowreh 1 713 sepiddasht 2 917 shulabad 1 531 veysian 2 087 zagheh 2 776 geography sepiddasht in the wider sense it consists of that part of western iran coinciding with the ilam province and extending for about 650 km on a northwest to southeast axis from kermanshah to fars with a breadth of 150 180 km the terrain consists chiefly of mountains with numerous ranges part of the zagros chain running northwest to southeast the central range has many summits that almost reach the line of perpetual snow rising to 4000 m and more it feeds the headwaters of iran s most important rivers such as the zayanderud jarahi karun diz abi karkheh between the higher ranges lie many fertile plains and low hilly well watered districts 43 the highest point of the province is the oshtorankuh peak at 4 050 m the low lying areas being in the southernmost sector of the province are approximately 500 m above sea level oak forest covers the outer slopes together with elm maple walnut and almond trees 44 western luristan comprises a series of parallel fertile valleys running high in the zagros mountains the pusht i kuh region is in the western foothills of the kabir kuh range the pish i kuh region lies to the east of kabir kuh this area had human settlements during the bronze age as early as the mid 3rd millennium b c climate climatically the province can be divided into three parts the mountainous regions such as borujerd dorud azna nurabad and aleshtar experience cold winters and moderate summers in the central region the spring season begins in mid february and lasts until mid may the city of khorramabad is in this realm however southern areas such as pol e dokhtar and papi are under the influence of the warm air currents of khuzestan and have hot summers and relatively moderate winters 45 notable people hossein borujerdi iranian sayyid mehdi karroubi politician nasrollah kasraian photographer qadam kheyr local heroine shahmirza moradi musician narges rashidi actress parviz shahbazi writer and filmmaker sayyed jafar shahidi writer historian and critic seyyed ahmad reza shahrokhi representative of supreme leader loris tjeknavorian armenian iranian composer and conductor abdolhossein zarrinkoob writer historian and critic see also 2006 borujerd earthquake chehel minbari luristan bronze luti people media related to lorestan province at wikimedia commons iran portal notes also romanized as ostān e lorestān 3 loristan lurestan or luristan 4 separated from khorramabad county after the 2006 census and named dowreh county 39 renamed chegeni county in 2019 40 separated from pol e dokhtar county after the 2016 census 41 separated from kuhdasht county after the 2011 census 42 references 1 2 3 4 سرشماري عمومي نفوس و مسكن 1395 استان لرستان general population and housing census 2016 lorestan province مرکز آمار ایران statistical centre of iran in persian archived from the original excel on 12 october 2020 retrieved 10 july 2026 sub national hdi area database global data lab hdi globaldatalab org archived from the original on 23 september 2018 retrieved 13 september 2018 استانداری لرستان in persian archived from the original on 29 november 2020 retrieved 26 december 2020 luristan lorestan province iran visitor 23 february 2013 archived from the original on 23 march 2016 retrieved 19 march 2016 تصویب سازمان و سلسله تابعیت عناصر و واحدهای تقسیمات کشوری استان لرستان به مرکزیت شهر خرم آباد approval of the organization and chain of citizenship of the elements and units of the country divisions of lorestan province centered in the city of khorramabad لام تا کام lam ta kam in persian وزارت کشور ministry of the interior کمیسیون سیاسی دفاعی هیأت دولت political defense commission of the government board 12 september 1990 تاریخ تصویب approval date 1369 6 21 iranian jalali calendar شناسه id 3086bce7 6af8 402a 9e23 5d20db46a8d2 شماره دوره course number 69 شماره جلد volume number 3 archived from the original on 19 january 2024 retrieved 10 july 2026 همشهری آنلاین استان های کشور به ۵ منطقه تقسیم شدند provinces were divided into 5 regions hamshahri online in persian 22 june 2014 archived from the original on 23 june 2014 khorramābād persian city lorestan province britannica born on the wrong side of the border 28 january 2021 meed norway s dno to study iran s changuleh oilfield www meed com retrieved 4 october 2025 1 2 lorestan province in persian lorestan general office of roads and urban development archived from the original on 22 april 2021 retrieved 22 april 2021 archeologist first signs of achaemenids discovered in western iran islamic republic news agency 6 february 2017 archived from the original on 8 february 2017 retrieved 28 april 2018 current projects in luristan archived 2017 02 02 at the wayback 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