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nts move to sidebar hide top 1 biography 2 beit habechirah toggle beit habechirah subsection 2 1 historical influence 3 other works 4 halakhic positions 5 see also 6 references toggle references subsection 6 1 bibliography toggle the table of contents menachem hameiri 8 languages مصرى deutsch français עברית magyar occitan română русский edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia 13th century rabbi scholar menachem hameiri מנחם המאירי personal life born 1249 1249 perpignan principality of catalonia died 1315 aged 65 66 perpignan principality of catalonia religious life religion judaism jewish leader main work writing commentaries and other books menachem ben solomon hameiri hebrew מנחם בן שלמה המאירי french don vidal solomon 1249 1 1315 2 commonly referred to as hameiri the meiri or just meiri was a famous medieval catalan rabbi and talmudist though most of his expansive commentary spanning 35 tractates of the talmud was not publicly available until the turn of the 19th century it has since gained widespread renown and acceptance among talmudic scholars biography edit menachem hameiri was born in 1249 in perpignan which then formed part of the principality of catalonia he was the student of rabbi reuven the son of chaim of narbonne france in his writings he refers to himself as hameiri the meiri or the meirite hebrew המאירי presumably after one of his ancestors named meir hebrew מאיר and that is how he is now known some have suggested that the reference is to meir detrancatleich a student of the raavad who is mentioned in the meiri s writings as one of his elders 3 in his youth he was orphaned of his father and his children were taken captive while he was still young 4 but no further details of these personal tragedies are known from the notorial certificates kept from perpignan it appears the meiri made a living as a money lender and his income was quite high the meiri s principal teacher was rabbi reuven ben chaim and he kept a close correspondence and relationship with the rashba who was arguably the greatest jewish rabbi of those times although the meiri is known as one of the greatest scholars of his era and despite his vast torah knowledge and expertise as testified to by many rabbis of his time and by his great expansive work beit habechirah there is no evidence he ever held a rabbinic position or even a teaching position in a yeshiva jewish school for religious studies this may have been in accordance with the teaching of the rambam 5 who spoke harshly against turning the rabbinate solely into a means of livelihood 3 beit habechirah edit title page of a 1795 edition of beit habechirah his commentary the beit habechirah literally the chosen house a play on an alternate name for the temple in jerusalem implying that the meiri s work selects specific content from the talmud omitting the discursive elements is one of the most monumental works written on the talmud this work is less a commentary and more of a digest of all of the comments in the talmud arranged in a manner similar to the talmud presenting first the mishnah and then laying out the discussions that are raised concerning it 6 haym soloveitchik describes it as follows 7 meiri is the only medieval talmudist rishon whose works can be read almost independently of the talmudic text upon which it ostensibly comments the beit ha behirah is not a running commentary on the talmud meiri in quasi maimonidean fashion intentionally omits the give and take of the sugya he focuses rather on the final upshot of the discussion and presents the differing views of that upshot and conclusion also he alone and again intentionally provides the reader with background information his writings are the closest thing to a secondary source in the library of rishonim unlike most rishonim he frequently quotes the jerusalem talmud including textual variants which are no longer extant in other sources beit habechirah cites many of the major rishonim referring to them not by name but rather by distinguished titles specifically 3 gedolei harabbanim the greatest of the rabbis rashi gedolei hamefarshim the greatest of the commentators raavad or gedolei hamagihim the greatest of the annotaters when quoted as disputing rambam or rif gedolei haposkim the greatest of the poskim isaac alfasi gedolei hamechabrim the greatest of the authors rambam geonei sefarad the brilliant of spain ri migash or sometimes rabbeinu chananel chachmei hatzarfatim the wise of france rashbam or sometimes rashi achronei harabbonim the later of the rabbis rabbeinu tam gedolei hador the greatest of the generation rashba historical influence edit a complete copy of beit habechira was preserved in the biblioteca palatina in parma rediscovered in 1920 and subsequently published 8 snippets of beit habechirah on one tractate bava kamma were published long before the publication of the parma manuscripts included in the early collective work shitah mikubetzet 3 the common assumption has been that the large majority of the meiri s works were not available to generations of halachists before 1920 as reflected in early 20th century authors such as the chafetz chaim the chazon ish and joseph b soloveitchik who write under the assumption that beit habechira was newly discovered in their time 8 and further evidenced by the lack of mention of the meiri and his opinions in the vast literature of halacha writings before the early 20th century 3 beit habechira has had much less influence on subsequent halachic development than would have been expected given its stature several reasons have been given for this some modern poskim refuse to take its arguments into consideration on the grounds that a work so long unknown has ceased to be part of the process of halachic development 8 one source held that the work was ignored due to its unusual length 8 professor haym soloveitchik though suggested that the work was ignored due to its having the character of a secondary source a genre which he argues was not appreciated among torah learners until the late 20th century 7 9 other works edit menachem hameiri is also noted for having penned a famous work used to this very day by jewish scribes namely kiryat sefer a two volume compendium outlining the rules governing the orthography that are to be adhered to when writing torah scrolls 10 he also wrote several minor works including a commentary to avot whose introduction includes a recording of the chain of tradition from moses through the tanaim the meiri also wrote a few commentaries chidushim on several tractates of the talmud which differ to some extent from some of his positions in beit habechira most of these commentaries were lost except for the commentary on tractate beitza in addition a commentary on tractate eruvin was attributed to him but this attribution was probably a mistake 11 halakhic positions edit the meiri s commentary is noted for its position on the status of gentiles in jewish law asserting that discriminatory laws and statements found in the talmud applied only to the idolatrous nations of old 12 13 according to j david bleich the christianity presented so favorably by me iri was not an orthodox trinitarianism but a christianity that espoused a theology formally branded heretical by the church 14 however yaakov elman argued that bleich had no sources for this assertion 15 he wrote also that jews are allowed to ascend the temple mount in jerusalem 16 see also edit hachmei provence references edit israel ta shma hasifrut haparshani latalmud pp 158 9 in volume 2 revised edition jacob katz exclusiveness and tolerance p 114 footnote 3 saying that the date is contested but that zobel supports a date of 1315 1 2 3 4 5 המאירי מחבר פורה שספריו כמעט ונשכחו ספרים archived from the original on 2016 05 29 kiryat sefer by the meiri introduction rambam commentary to pirkei avot 4 7 jewish history biographies letter r 1 2 rupture and reconstruction the transformation of contemporary orthodoxy archived from the original on 2020 08 07 retrieved 2018 07 03 1 2 3 4 112 the meiri texts lost or ignored soloveitchik 1994 p 335 note 54 p 367f two editions of this work were printed in jerusalem one in 1956 another in 1969 breuer adiel 2021 ḥidushim on tractate ꜥeruvin attributed to hameiri tarbiz 88 1 73 107 jstor 27118975 moshe halbertal ones possessed of religion religious tolerance in the teachings of the me iri pdf the edah journal 1 1 david goldstein a lonely champion of tolerance r menachem ha meiri s attitude towards non jews survey of recent halakhic periodical literature in the david berger festschrift on jewish christian relations edited by elisheva carlebach and j j schacter loewenberg f m 2013 06 01 did jews abandon the temple mount middle east forum vol 20 no 3 archived from the original on 2025 11 13 this article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain singer isidore et al eds 1901 1906 me iri menahem ben solomon the jewish encyclopedia new york funk wagnalls bibliography edit soloveitchik haym 1994 rupture and reconstruction the transformation of contemporary orthodoxy tradition 28 4 320 376 v t e rishonim north africa chananel ben chushiel dunash ben labrat isaac alfasi rif nissim ben jacob samuel ben jacob ibn jam shemariah ben elhanan zechariah aghmati spain except catalonia abraham ibn daud abraham ibn ezra abraham saba bahya ben asher bahya ibn paquda david abudirham isaac aboab i isaac ben moses arama akeidat yitzchak isaac ibn ghiyyat jonah ibn janah joseph albo joseph ibn migash ri migash judah halevi maimon ben joseph maimonides meir abulafia ramah meir ben solomon abi sahula moses ibn ezra rabbenu yerucham shem tov ben abraham ibn gaon migdal oz yom tov asevilli ritva catalonia aharon halevi ra ah azriel of gerona david bonafed rabbeinu david hasdai crescas isaac ben sheshet rivash joseph ibn habib nimmukei yosef judah ben barzillai judah ben yakar menachem hameiri nachmanides nissim of gerona ran shlomo ibn aderet rashba simeon ben zemah duran tashbatz vidal of tolosa maggid mishneh yonah gerondi rabbeinu yonah zerachiah ha levi of girona baal hamaor provence aaron ben jacob ha kohen abba mari abraham ben david raavad abraham ben isaac of narbonne raavad ii haeshkol abraham ben nathan hamanhig abraham of montpellier asher ben meshullam david ben levi of narbonne hamichtam david kimhi radak gersonides ralbag hachmei provence isaac ben abba mari haittur isaac of narbonne isaac the blind jonathan of lunel joseph caspi levi ben abraham ben hayyim meshullam ben jacob moses ben joseph rambi moshe ha darshan samuel ibn tibbon france except provence abraham ben joseph of orleans baruch ben isaac chaim paltiel elhanan ben isaac of dampierre eliezer ben samuel yereim eliezer of touques eliezer of toul elijah ben menahem hazaken elijah of paris ephraim ben samson haim ben hananel hacohen isaac ben abraham of dampierre isaac ben eliezer halevi isaac ben samuel ri hazaken jacob of chinon jacob of orléans bechor shor joseph ben samuel bonfils judah ben isaac messer leon judah ben nathan rivan judah ben yom tov list of tosafists meir ben samuel menahem ben helbo moses of évreux moses ben jacob of coucy semag peretz ben elijah rabbi abin ha gadol rabbeinu tam rashbam rashi rivam samson ben abraham of sens samson ben joseph of falaise samson of chinon samuel ben solomon of falaise samuel of évreux shemaiah of soissons simeon kara solomon ben meir yechiel of paris yom tov of falaise germany alexander suslin asher ben jehiel rosh eleazar of worms rokeach eliezer ben isaac ha gadol eliezer ben joel halevi raavyah eliezer ben nathan ra aven ephraim of bonn ephraim ben isaac of regensburg gershom ben judah rabbeinu gershom isaac asir hatikvah isaac ben asher ha levi isaac ben mordecai of regensburg israel of bamberg israel bruna jacob ben asher baal haturim jacob ben judah landau jacob weil joel ben isaac ha levi judah ben asher judah ben kalonymus ben moses judah ben kalonymus ben meir judah ben samuel of regensburg yehudah hahasid meir ben baruch halevi meir hakohen hagahot maimuniot meir of rothenburg maharam merotenberg meshullam ben kalonymus mordechai ben hillel mordechai samson ben eliezer samuel ben natronai simha of speyer simeon bar isaac of mainz yaakov ben moshe levi moelin maharil yaakov ben yakar yehuda hakohen ben meir england aaron of canterbury aaron of york berechiah de nicole elias of london eliyahu menachem of london hagin deulacres jacob ben judah of london josce of london moses ben isaac ben ha nessiah moses of london yom tov of joigny austria avigdor cohen of vienna isaac of vienna or zarua isaac tyrnau israel isserlein terumat hadeshen italy benjamin anaw eliezer ben samuel of verona hillel ben samuel isaiah di trani rid isaiah di trani the younger riaz isaac ben melchizedek joseph colon trabotto judah anav judah messer leon menahem recanati moses ben meir of ferrara nathan ben jehiel the aruch obadiah of bertinoro zedekiah anaw shibbolei haleket elsewhere elijah mizrachi hillel ben eliakim isaac abarbanel isaac ben dorbolo isaac ben jacob ha lavan isaac ben samuel of acre judah leon ben moses mosconi moses taku nathan ben abraham i nethanel ben isaiah tobiah ben eliezer lekach tov zerahiah the greek authority control databases international isni viaf gnd fast worldcat national united states france bnf data czech republic netherlands vatican israel people trove ddb other idref 2 open library yale lux retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title menachem_hameiri oldid 1367928900 categories 1249 births 1306 deaths provençal rabbis 13th century french writers french religious writers 13th century catalan rabbis people from perpignan french male non fiction writers grammarians of hebrew 14th century catalan rabbis hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata pages where birth or death is being automatically determined articles containing hebrew language text articles containing french language text wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1906 jewish encyclopedia wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1906 jewish encyclopedia without a wikisource reference wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1906 jewish encyclopedia this page was last edited on 6 august 2026 at 01 13 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit 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