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Text of the page (random words):
nasal click wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 types of nasal clicks 2 references 3 see also toggle the table of contents nasal click 3 languages 한국어 português simple english edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia consonantal sound main article click consonant voiced alveolar nasal click ŋǃ ᵑǃ audio sample source help aspirated dental nasal click ᵑ̊ǀʰ breathy voiced lateral nasal click ᵑǁʱ ᵑ̤ǁ voiceless palatal nasal click ᵑ̊ǂ preglottalized labial nasal click ˀᵑʘ nasal clicks are click consonants pronounced with nasal airflow all click types bilabial ʘ dental ǀ alveolar ǃ lateral ǁ palatal ǂ and retroflex have nasal variants and these are attested in four or five phonations voiced voiceless aspirated murmured breathy voiced and in the analysis of miller 2011 glottalized 1 types of nasal clicks edit modally voiced nasal clicks are ubiquitous they are found in every language which has clicks as part of its regular sound inventory this includes damin which has only nasal clicks and dahalo which has only plain and glottalized nasal clicks they are fully nasalized throughout like the pulmonic nasal m and n that is you pronounce a uvular ɴ sound like english ng with the back of your tongue and make the click sound in the middle of it using the front of your tongue they are typically transcribed something like ᵑǃ in khoekhoe they are written ǃn ǁn ǀn ǂn in juǀʼhõa as nǃ nǁ nǀ nǂ and in zulu xhosa sandawe and naro as nc nx nq ntc nç aspirated nasal click s often described as voiceless nasal with delayed aspiration are widespread in southern africa being found in all languages of the khoe tuu and kxʼa language families though they are unattested elsewhere they are typically transcribed something like ᵑ̊ǃʰ in khoekhoe they are written ǃh ǁh ǀh ǂh and in juǀʼhõa as ǃʼh ǁʼh ǀʼh ǂʼh initially and in citation form words with these consonants are pronounced with voiceless nasal airflow throughout the production of the click and in some languages for an extended time afterward this period of up to 150 ms the voice onset time may include weak breathy voiced aspiration at the end however when embedded in a phrase after a vowel they tend to be partially voiced the preceding vowel will also be nasalized or the click prenasalized for a realization of ʰ vs ŋ͡nǃ̬ʱ they have a tone depressor effect so that a level tone on the following vowel will be realized as rising the description above is typical characteristic of languages such as khoekhoe and gǀui however aspirated nasal clicks have a more extreme pronunciation in taa where they need to maintain a distinction from both the plain voiceless and breathy voiced nasal clicks in this language they are not voiced after vowel sounds except in rapid speech and in addition do not have nasal airflow trail reports that they instead have active ingressive pulmonic airflow that is air is breathed in the nose rather than being vented out 2 breathy voiced murmured nasal clicks are less common they are known from kung languages such as juǀʼhoansi from taa and from the bantu languages xhosa and zulu they are pronounced like modally voiced nasal clicks but in addition are followed by a period of murmured phonation and like other breathy voiced consonants may have a depressor effect on tone in zulu and xhosa for example they are typically transcribed something like ᵑǃʰ or ᵑǃʱ in juǀʼhõa they are written nǃh nǁh nǀh nǂh and in zulu and xhosa as ngc ngx ngq in ipa they could be either ᵑǁʱ or ᵑ̈ǁ voiceless nasal clicks distinct from voiceless aspirated clicks are only attested from one language taa which changes the voicing of the initial consonant to distinguish singular and plural nouns in this language both voiced and voiceless nasal clicks but not the aspirated and breathy voiced nasal clicks nasalize the following vowel they are largely distinguished by voiceless vs murmured nasalization leading up to the click release and the voicelessness occurs even after vowels 3 glottalized nasal clicks are extremely common but are covered in another article glottalized clicks there are also preglottalized nasal clicks these are pronounced like modally voiced nasal clicks but the click release is preceded by a short period of nasalization that has a glottal stop onset they are considered unitary consonants and not sequences of glottal stop plus nasal click they are only reported from a few languages taa ekoka kung and ǂhoan taa also has preglottalized non click nasals though ekoka apparently does not references edit amanda miller 2011 the representation of clicks in oostendorp et al eds the blackwell companion to phonology ladefoged peter maddieson ian 1996 the sounds of the world s languages oxford blackwell p 268 isbn 0 631 19815 6 naumann christfied 2008 the consonantal system of west ǃxoon 3rd international symposium on khoisan languages and linguistics riezlern see also edit glottalized click pulmonic contour click ejective contour click v t e international phonetic alphabet chart ipa topics ipa international phonetic association history of the alphabet extensions for disordered speech extipa voice quality symbols voqs journal of the ipa jipa special topics cursive forms case variants obsolete and nonstandard symbols naming conventions sinological extensions world orthography ipa chart for english dialects encodings ascii encodings sampa x sampa usenet ascii ipa tipa phonetic symbols in unicode ipa number ipa braille consonants pulmonic consonants place labial coronal dorsal laryngeal manner bi labial labio dental linguo labial dental alveolar post alveolar retro flex alve olo palatal velar uvular pharyn geal epi glottal glottal nasal m̥ m ɱ̊ ɱ n̼ n̪̊ n̪ n̥ n n̠̊ n̠ ɳ̊ ɳ ɲ̊ ɲ ŋ̊ ŋ ɴ̥ ɴ plosive p b p̪ b̪ t̼ d̼ t̪ d̪ t d ʈ ɖ c ɟ k ɡ q ɢ ʡ ʔ sibilant affricate t̪s̪ d̪z̪ ts dz t̠ʃ d̠ʒ tʂ dʐ tɕ dʑ non sibilant affricate pɸ bβ p̪f b̪v t̪θ d̪ð tɹ̝̊ dɹ̝ t̠ɹ̠̊ d̠ɹ̠ cç ɟʝ kx ɡɣ qχ ɢʁ ʡʜ ʡʢ ʔh sibilant fricative s̪ z̪ s z ʃ ʒ ʂ ʐ ɕ ʑ non sibilant fricative ɸ β f v θ̼ ð̼ θ ð θ̠ ð̠ ɹ̠̊ ɹ̠ ɻ̊ ɻ ç ʝ x ɣ χ ʁ ħ ʕ h ɦ approximant β̞ ʋ ð̞ ɹ ɹ̠ ɻ j ɰ tap flap ⱱ̟ ⱱ ɾ̥ ɾ ɽ̊ ɽ ɢ̆ ʡ̆ trill ʙ̥ ʙ r̥ r r̠ ɽ̊r̥ ɽr ʀ̥ ʀ ʜ ʢ lateral affricate tɬ dɮ tꞎ d c ɟʎ̝ k ɡʟ̝ lateral fricative ɬ̪ ɬ ɮ ꞎ ʎ̝ ʟ̝ lateral approximant l̪ l̥ l l̠ ɭ̊ ɭ ʎ̥ ʎ ʟ̥ ʟ ʟ̠ lateral tap flap ɺ̥ ɺ ̊ ʎ̆ ʟ̆ ipa help audio full chart template symbols to the right in a cell are voiced to the left are voiceless shaded areas denote articulations judged impossible non pulmonic consonants bl ld d a pa rf p v u implosive voiced ɓ ɗ ᶑ ʄ ɠ ʛ voiceless ɓ̥ ɗ̥ ᶑ̊ ʄ̊ ɠ̊ ʛ̥ ejective stop pʼ tʼ ʈʼ cʼ kʼ qʼ affricate p̪fʼ t̪θʼ tsʼ t̠ʃʼ tʂʼ tɕʼ kxʼ qχʼ fricative ɸʼ fʼ θʼ sʼ ʃʼ ʂʼ ɕʼ xʼ χʼ lateral affricate tɬʼ c ʼ k ʼ q ʼ lateral fricative ɬʼ click top velar bottom uvular tenuis kʘ qʘ kǀ qǀ kǃ qǃ k q kǂ qǂ voiced ɡʘ ɢʘ ɡǀ ɢǀ ɡǃ ɢǃ ɡ ɢ ɡǂ ɢǂ nasal ŋʘ ɴʘ ŋǀ ɴǀ ŋǃ ɴǃ ŋ ɴ ŋǂ ɴǂ ʞ tenuis lateral kǁ qǁ voiced lateral ɡǁ ɢǁ nasal lateral ŋǁ ɴǁ ipa help audio full chart template co articulated consonants nasal n͡m labial alveolar ɳ͡m labial retroflex ŋ͡m labial velar plosive t͡p d͡b labial alveolar ʈ͡p ɖ͡b labial retroflex k͡p ɡ͡b labial velar q͡ʡ uvular epiglottal q͡p labial uvular fricative approximant ɥ̊ ɥ labialized palatal ʍ w labialized velar ɧ sj sound variable lateral approximant ɫ velarized alveolar implosive ɠ̊͜ɓ̥ ɠ͡ɓ labial velar ejective t͡pʼ labial alveolar ipa help full chart template other voiceless bidental fricative h̪͆ voiceless bilabially post trilled dental stop t̪ʙ̥ voiceless upper pharyngeal plosive ʡ̟ voiced upper pharyngeal plosive ʡ̟̬ bilabial percussive ʬ bidental percussive ʭ sublaminal lower alveolar percussive vowels front central back close i y ɨ ʉ ɯ u near close ɪ ʏ ʊ close mid e ø ɘ ɵ ɤ o mid e̞ ø̞ ə ɤ̞ o̞ open mid ɛ œ ɜ ɞ ʌ ɔ near open æ ɐ open a ɶ ä ɑ ɒ ipa help audio full chart template legend unrounded rounded retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title nasal_click oldid 1332083758 categories click consonants nasal consonants hidden categories articles with short description short description matches wikidata pages with plain ipa articles using infobox templates with no data rows this page was last edited on 9 january 2026 at 20 16 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution 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