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ngarna languages wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 history and status 2 references toggle the table of contents ngarna languages 3 languages deutsch suomi anarâškielâ edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia branch of the pama nyungan language family of australia ngarna warluwaric warluwarric geographic distribution northern territory queensland linguistic classification pama nyungan ngarna subdivisions yanyuwa south ngarna language codes glottolog ngar1290 ngarna languages green among other pama nyungan tan the two ngarna areas are separated by the garrwan and mirndi languages grey the ngarna or warluwar r ic languages are a discontinuous primary branch of the pama nyungan language family of australia 1 2 the moribund yanyuwa language is the only survivor of this group the two geographic and also cladistic groups are ngarna yanyuwa southern ngarna warluwar r ic ngarru wagaya yindjilandji thawa bularnu warluwara history and status edit warluwar r ic was first proposed by o grady voegelin and voegelin 1966 consisting of warluwarra only to which the wakayic consisting of wakaya and yanyulan groups consisting of yanyuwa were later proved to be related bularnu and yindjilandji were later recorded and also added to the classification on the basis of shared pronoun systems and nominal case marking barry blake 1988 3 later grouped yanyuwa wakaya and by extension yindjilandji bularnu and warluwarra into the warluwaric subgroup of pama nyungan breen 2004 4 proposed the name ngarna over warluwar r ic in reference to the first person singular nominative pronoun common to all members of the subgroup although warluwar r ic is still commonly used for one mary laughren retains the label warluwarric on the basis that nga rna is a common retention among many other western pama nyungan languages and not exactly unique to this subgroup 5 within the subgroup breen uses lexicostatical evidence and also evidence from nominal and verbal morphology to distinguish between the ngarru group containing wagaya and yindjilandji and the thawa group containing bularnu and warluwara each respectively after the common word for man aboriginal person 4 these two groups together form the southern branch of ngarna warluwar r ic to which the discontinuous yanyuwa is related at the uppermost level of the subgroup work on proto ngarna warluwar r ic has been done by catherine koch 1989 6 daniel brammall 1991 7 margaret carew 1993 8 and gavan breen 2004 4 beyond the subgroup relations with other branches of pama nyungan are more speculative mcconvell and laughren 2004 9 entertain the possibility that the ngumpin yapa languages and the ngarna warluwar r ic languages share a common ancestor although other evidence also suggests a closer genetic relation between ngumpin yapa and the more southerly branches in any case early and sustained contact between speakers of ngumpin yapa and ngarna warluwar r ic languages is evinced by shared phonological changes and certain lexical similarities using computational phylogenetic methods bowern and atkinson 2012 10 grouped the ngarna warluwar r ic languages into the western pama nyungan group their work suggests a tentative link between ngarna warluwar r ic and the yolngu languages forming a higher subgroup to which the other western pama nyungan branches i e southwest nyungic and desert nyungic are more distantly related references edit dixon r m w 2002 australian languages their nature and development cambridge university press isbn 978 0 521 47378 1 bowern claire 2011 how many languages were spoken in australia anggarrgoon australian languages on the web december 23 2011 corrected february 6 2012 blake barry 1988 redefining pama nyungan towards the prehistory of australian languages in evans nicholas johnson steve eds aboriginal linguistics 1 university of new england 1 2 3 breen gavan 2004 evolution of the verb conjugations in the ngarna languages in bowern claire koch harold eds australian languages classification and the comparative method john benjamins publishing company laughren mary 2018 asymmetrical distinctions in waanyi kinship terminology the dynamics of social categories in indigenous australia skin kin and clan anu press koch catherine 1989 a problem of subgrouping four australian languages of the queensland and northern territory border area honours la trobe university brammall daniel 1991 a comparative grammar of warluwaric honours australian national university carew margaret 1993 proto warluwarric phonology honours university of melbourne mcconvell patrick laughren mary 2004 the ngumpin yapa subgroup in bowern claire koch harold eds australian languages classification and the comparative method john benjamins publishing company bowern claire atkinson quentin 2012 computational phylogenetics and the internal structure of pama nyungan language 88 4 817 845 doi 10 1353 lan 2012 0081 hdl 1885 61360 s2cid 4375648 v t e pama nyungan languages paman languages north adithinngithigh andjingith anguthimri alngith linnithigh mpakwithi ndra ngith arritinngithigh awngthim luthigh mpalitjanh mbiywom ndrangith ndwa ngith ngkoth unjadi uradhi atampaya yinwum wudhadhi yadhaykenu angkamuthi northeast umpila wik ayabadhu kugu muminh pakanha wik me nh wik mungkan wik ngathan wik ompom lamalamic lamalama morrobolam yalanjic barrow point gugu yalandyi kuku nyungkal guugu yimidhirr southwest koko bera kok thawa kunjen ogh undjan kuuk thaayorre kuuk yak yir yoront norman kurtjar kuthant thaypan alungul angkula aghu tharrnggala ikarranggal takalak thaypan southern mbara yanga mbabaram walangama wamin other djabugay flinders island gugadj kok narr mbariman gudhinma umbindhamu eastern pama nyungan dyirbalic dyirbal nyawaygi warrgamay wulguru yuru maric badjiri bidjara biri biri proper kingkel bayali darumbal warrongo yanda guwa yirandhali waka kabic barunggam gabi gabi gureng gureng tulua wakawaka wuliwuli durubalic guwar pimpama janday nunukul turrbal gumbaynggiric kumbainggar yaygir wiradhuric gamilaraay ngiyambaa wiradjuri yuin kuric darkinjung dharug dhanggati ngarigo ngunnawal gundungurra tharawal dharawal dhurga dyirringany thawa yugambal marbal worimi awabakal gathang gippsland dhudhuroa gunaikurnai bidhawal pallanganmiddang yugambeh bandjalang waalubal yugambeh githabul bundjalung other anewan kalaw lagaw ya yidiny bigambul guyambal lower burdekin bindal southern pama nyungan yotayotic yabula yabula yorta yorta kulinic kolakngat kulin dja dja wurrung wathaurong western victoria wemba wemba barababaraba ledji ledji madhi madhi nari nari wadi wadi wergaia woiwurrung taungurung bunurong bindjali drual bungandidj dhauwurd wurrung kuurn kopan noot lower murray keramin ngayawung yaralde yitha yitha yuyu thura yura adnyamathanha barngarla kaurna kuyani narungga nauo ngadjuri nukunu wirangu mirniny mirning ngadjunmaya nyungic galaagu kalaamaya natingero nyungar western pama nyungan kartu badimaya malgana thaagurda nhanda nhanhagardi wajarri yinggarda kanyara mantharta kanyara burduna bayungu thalanyji pinikura mantharta tharrgari warriyangka thiin jiwarli ngayarta jurruru kurrama martuthunira ngarla ngarluma kariyarra nhuwala nyamal nyiyaparli panyjima yindjibarndi yinhawangka marrngu karajarri mangala nyangumarta northern pama nyungan ngumpin yapa ngarrga warlmanpa warlpiri ngumpin walmajarri djaru gurindji bilinarra mudburra warumungu warumungu warluwaric wagaya bularnu yindjilandji warluwarra yanyuwa kalkatungic kalkatungu yalarnnga mayi mayi kulan mayi kutuna ngawun yolŋu dhaŋu dhuwal djaŋu djinba djinaŋ ritharrŋu nhaŋu central pama nyungan wati ngardi wanman western desert arandic arrernte kaytetye lower arrernte pertame karnic arabana diyari pirlatapa mithaka ngamini yarluyandi ngura pitta pitta wanggamala wangka yutjurru wilson river bundhamara new wangkumara garlali yandruwandha other baagandji bulloo river old wangkumara garlali muruwari barranbinja yarli macro pama nyungan macro gunwinyguan maningrida burarra ndjébbana gurr goni nakkara mangarrayi marran alawa mangarrayi marra warndarrang yugul gunwinyguan anindilyakwa dalabon gunbarlang jawoyn kunwinjku ngalakgan ngandi nunggubuyu rembarrnga uwinymil waray other gaagudju kungarakany wardaman wagiman tangkic kayardild lardil minkin gangalidda yukulta yangkaal garrwan garrwa gunindiri waanyi italics indicate extinct languages v t e australian aboriginal and tasmanian languages pama nyungan subgroups southeastern victorian p n lower murray yotayotic gippsland kulin bungandidj new south wales p n yuin kuric dhanggati anewan nganyaywana central new south wales wiradhuric barranbinja muruwari north coast durubalic bandjalangic gumbaynggiric waka kabic northern western torres strait kalaw lagaw ya paman northern paman uradhi wik middle paman umpilaic umbindhamuic lamalamic umbuygamu mbarrumbathama southwest paman kuuk thayorre southern paman mbabaram flinders island maric northern warrongo eastern biri southern bidyara gungabula margany gunya bindal guwa yanda guwa yanda kingkel dharumbal bayali lower burdekin dyirbalic dyirbal warrgamay nyawaygi lower burdekin yimidhirr yalanji yidinic guugu yimidihirr kuku yalanji yidiny gulf kalkatungic kalkatungu yalarnnga mayi central arandic thura yura arandic arrernte kaytetye thura yura wirangu kaurna adnyamathanha karnic northern palku pitta pitta western arabana wangkangurru central diyari yandruwandha eastern wilson river wangkumara bulloo river galali yarli paakantyi western yolŋu dhaŋu djaŋu ritharrŋu nhaŋu dhuwal dhuwala djambarrpuyŋu gupapuyŋu djinaŋ djinba ganhalpuyŋu ngarna warluwarric yanyuwa southern ngarru thawa desert nyungic marrngu ngumpin yapa ngumpin yapa warumungu wati south west p n pilbara ngayarda kanyara mantharta kartu nhanda yinggarda mirning nyunga tangkic lardil register damin kayardild yukulta ganggalida nyangga minkin mingginda garrwan garawa garrwa north waanyi wanji south gunindiri kurnindirri southwest macro gunwinyguan maningrida burarra gurr goni ndjébbana nakkara marran marra warndarang yugul alawa mangarrayi gunwinyguan proper western jawoyn djauan waray uwinymil central bininj kunwok kunwinjku gunwinggu kunbarlang dalabon ngalkbun eastern rembarrnga ngalakgan ngandi nunggubuyu wubuy anindilyakwa enindhilyagwa yangmanic wagiman wardaman wagiman other isolates kungarakany koongurrukuñ gaagudju iwaidjan central warrkbi iwaidja garig ilgar garig ilgar eastern goulburn island maung manangkari southern amurdag marrku wurrugu wurrugu marrgu darwin region gulumoerrgin larrakia limilngan wulna limilngan wulna umbugarlic umbugarla ngurmbur bugurnidja daly river sprachbund wagaydyic anson bay batjamalh wadjiginy pungu pungu kandjerramalh giyug northern daly malak malak nguluk wanggar tyerraty western daly marri ngarr magati ke merranunggu marrithiyel marramaninjsji eastern daly matngele werret dakayu kamu southern daly murrinh patha ngan gityemerri mirndi jingulu yirram nungali jaminjung ngurlun ngarnka wambaya jarrakan kija miriwoong gajirrawoong bunuban bunuba gooniyandi worrorran wunambal northern ngarinyin eastern worrorra western nyulnyulan western nyulnyulic nyulnyul bardi jawi djabirr djabirr nimanburru eastern dyukun yawuru djukun warrwa nyigina ngumbarl others language isolates giimbiyu tiwi papuan meriam tasmanian family level groups western northwestern tasmanian peerapper southwestern tasmanian toogee northern northern tasmanian tommeginne port sorell northeastern pyemmairre northeastern tyerrernotepanner north midland lhotsky backhouse norman eastern oyster bay paredarerme little swanport southeast tasmanian nuenonne bruny island new indigenous languages and aboriginal englishes creoles australian kriol roper river kriol ngukurr bamyili kriol barunga kimberley kriol fitzroy valley daly river kriol westside kriol victoria river barkly kriol mornington island creole kowanyama creole northeastern creoles torres strait creole yumplatok cape york creole lockhart river creole napranum creole pidgins port jackson pidgin english broome pearling lugger pidgin south australian pidgin english pidgin ngarluma mixed languages alyawarr english gurindji kriol light warlpiri palawa kani modern tiwi wumpurrarni english tennant creek others neo nyungar nunga english yarrie lingo palm talk woorie talk cherbourg talk murdi language proto languages proto australian proto pama nyungan macro pama nyungan arnhem land italics indicate individual languages retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title ngarna_languages oldid 1361652929 categories ngarna languages indigenous australian languages in queensland indigenous australian languages in the northern territory hidden categories articles with short description short description matches wikidata this page was last edited on 29 june 2026 at 08 35 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search toggle the table of contents ngarna 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