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carton to the guillotine 10 with help from the studio s major star maurice costello the star of a tale of two cities talmadge s acting improved she continued to play roles from leads to extras gaining experience and public exposure in a variety of characters from a colored mammy to a clumsy waitress to a reckless young modern she began attracting both public and critical notice by 1913 she was vitagraph s most promising young actress 11 that same year she was assigned to van dyke brooke s acting unit and throughout 1913 and 1914 appeared in more films frequently with antonio moreno as her leading man in 1915 talmadge got her big break starring in vitagraph s prestigious feature film the battle cry of peace an anti german propagandist drama 10 but ambitious peg saw that her daughter s potential could carry them further and got a two year contract with national pictures company for eight features at 400 per week talmadge s last film for vitagraph was the crown prince s double in the summer of 1915 she left vitagraph in the five years she had been with vitagraph she made over 250 films in august the talmadges left for california where norma s first role was in captivating mary carstairs the whole enterprise was a fiasco the sets and costumes were cheap and the studio itself lacked adequate backing the film was a flop and the small new studio shut down after the film s release the demise of national pictures company left the family stranded in california after only one picture deciding it was smarter to aim high they went to triangle film corporation where d w griffith was supervising productions on the strength of the battle cry talmadge got a contract with griffith s fine arts company for eight months she starred in seven features for triangle including the comedy the social secretary 1916 written by anita loos and directed by john emerson which gave her an opportunity to disguise her beauty as a girl trying to avoid the unwelcome attentions of her male employers 12 norma talmadge film corporation edit talmadge early 1920s when the contract ran out the talmadges returned to new york at a party talmadge met broadway and film producer joseph m schenck a wealthy exhibitor who wanted to produce his own films immediately taken by talmadge both personally and professionally schenck proposed marriage and a production studio two months later on october 20 1916 they were married 10 talmadge called her much older husband daddy he supervised controlled and nurtured her career in alliance with her mother 13 in 1917 the couple formed the norma talmadge film corporation schenck vowed he would make his wife the greatest star of all before long women around the world flocked to her extravagant movies filmed on the east coast talmadge picture play magazine april 1922 talmadge s first film for her studio the now lost panthea 1917 was directed by allan dwan with assistants erich von stroheim and arthur rosson the film was a dramatic tour de force for her in a story set in russia of a woman who sacrifices herself to help her husband the film was a hit turning talmadge into a sensation and established her as a first rate dramatic actress 14 talmadge s acting ability improved rapidly during this period she made four to six films a year in new york between 1917 and 1921 under schenck s personal supervision other films followed including poppy 1917 in which she was paired with eugene o brien 15 the teaming was such a hit they made 10 more films together including the moth and the secret of the storm country a sequel to tess of the storm country 1914 starring mary pickford hollywood films edit norma talmadge art from the eternal flame lobby card in 1922 throughout the 1920s talmadge continued to triumph in films such as 1920 s yes or no the branded woman passion flower 1921 and the sign on the door 1921 the next year she had the most popular film of her entire career 3 smilin through 1922 directed by sidney franklin one of the greatest screen romances of the silent film era it was remade twice in 1932 with norma shearer and in 1941 with jeanette macdonald after smilin through schenck closed the new york studios and norma and constance moved to hollywood to join natalie and her husband film star buster keaton talmadge s hollywood films were different from her new york films bigger and glossier they were fewer but more varied often with period or exotic settings she teamed with cinematographer tony gaudio and some of hollywood s finest costume designers for a more glamorous image she also worked with top flight directors such as frank lloyd clarence brown and frank borzage with help from films directed by her first husband joseph m schenck she became one of the highest paid actresses of the 1920s 16 talmadge 1923 in 1923 a poll of picture exhibitors named norma talmadge the number one box office star she was earning 10 000 a week and receiving as many as 3 000 letters weekly from her fans her film secrets 1924 directed by frank borzage marked the pinnacle of her career with her giving her best performance and receiving the best reviews 17 in 1924 schenck had moved over to head united artists but talmadge still had a distribution contract with first national she continued to make successful films such as the lady 1925 directed by frank borzage and the romantic comedy kiki 1926 directed by clarence brown remade later by mary pickford as a sound film in 1931 18 talmadge and anna may wong turned the first spadeful of earth using a gold plated shovel at the groundbreaking ceremonies for grauman s chinese theatre on january 5 1926 19 the theater s official account also credits talmadge as having inspired the theater s tradition of putting footprints in concrete when she accidentally stepped into wet concrete 20 however in a short interview during the september 13 1937 lux radio theatre broadcast of a radio adaptation of a star is born sid grauman related another version of how he got the idea to put hand and foot prints in the concrete he said it was pure accident i walked right into it while we were building the theatre i accidentally happened to step in some soft concrete and there it was so i went to mary pickford immediately mary put her foot into it 21 194 decline edit talmadge c 1930 22 talmadge s last film for first national was camille 1927 23 an adaptation of a novel by alexandre dumas the younger later remade by greta garbo during filming talmadge fell in love with leading man gilbert roland 7 she asked schenck for a divorce but he was not ready to grant it despite his personal feelings he was not going to break up a moneymaking team and continued casting roland in talmadge s next three films released by united artists talmadge and schenck separated though he continued producing her films he was now president of the prestigious but theater poor united artists corporation and the rest of talmadge s films were released for that company ua s distribution problems however began to erode her popularity her first films for this studio the dove 1927 and the woman disputed 1928 were box office failures and ended up being her last silent movies by the time woman disputed 1928 was released the talking film revolution had begun and talmadge began taking voice lessons in preparation she worked diligently with voice coaches for over a year so she could make her sound debut her first talkie new york nights 1929 showed that she could speak and act acceptably in talkies 24 while her performance was considered to be good the film was not talmadge next took on the role of madame du barry in the 1930 film du barry woman of passion with incompetent direction and talmadge s inexperience at a role requiring very demanding vocal acting the film was a failure in spite of the elaborate sets by william cameron menzies on march 29 1928 at the bungalow of mary pickford united artists brought together talmadge pickford douglas fairbanks charlie chaplin gloria swanson john barrymore dolores del río and d w griffith to speak on the radio show the dodge brothers hour to prove that griffith could meet the challenge of talking movies 25 talmadge s sister constance sent her a telegram with this advice quit pressing your luck baby the critics can t knock those trust funds mama set up for us 24 as time passed it became increasingly clear that the public was no longer interested in its old favorites and talmadge was seen as an icon of the past talmadge had been increasingly bored with filmmaking before the talkie challenge came along and this setback seems to have discouraged her from further attempts she still had two more films left on her united artists contract in late 1930 samuel goldwyn announced he had bought the film rights to zoë akins comedy play the greeks had a word for it for her she reportedly did some stage rehearsals for it in new york but within a few months she asked to be released from her contract she never again appeared on screen goldwyn eventually made the film version of the greeks had a word for it under the title the greeks had a word for them in 1932 retirement edit upon leaving the movie world norma talmadge rid herself of all the duties and responsibilities of stardom she told eager fans who were pressing her for an autograph as she left a restaurant get away dears i don t need you anymore and you don t need me 10 11 some time before late 1932 talmadge decided against marrying gilbert roland as he was 11 years her junior and she feared he would eventually leave her mother peg fell ill and died in september 1925 in late 1932 talmadge began seeing her ex husband joseph schenck s poker friend comedian george jessel in april 1934 schenck from whom she had been separated for seven years finally granted talmadge her divorce and nine days later she married jessel 26 schenck continued to do what he could for norma and her sisters acting as a financial adviser and guiding her business affairs in 1937 talmadge and schenck bought the villa riviera in long beach california for 1 5 million 27 28 talmadge s last professional works consisted of appearances on jessel s radio program which was sagging in the ratings the program soon ended and the marriage did not last the couple divorced in 1939 schenck s business acumen and her mother s watchful ambition for her daughters had resulted in a huge fortune for talmadge and she never wanted for money restless since the end of her filmmaking days talmadge traveled often shuttling between her houses entertaining and visiting with her sisters in 1946 she married dr carvel james a beverly hills physician 29 later years and death edit talmadge s crypt at hollywood forever in her later years talmadge who had never been comfortable with the burdens of public celebrity became reclusive increasingly crippled by painful arthritis 4 and reported to be dependent on painkilling drugs 7 she moved to the warm climate of las vegas for her final years according to anita loos memories of talmadge the drug addiction came first which caused arthritis and was the basis of norma s interest in her physician husband 30 in 1955 along with her one time brother in law buster keaton and some ten other renowned movie industry veterans talmadge was invited to be honored with the newly instituted george award by george eastman house at the first festival of film artists in rochester ny but unfortunately no one was able to even locate her 31 after suffering a series of strokes in 1957 talmadge died of pneumonia on christmas eve of that year at the time of her death her estate was valued at more than us 1 000 000 equivalent to 11 5 million in 2025 16 32 talmadge street in the los feliz neighborhood of los angeles is named in honor of the silent screen star also the community of talmadge san diego is named for her and her sisters and one of the community s streets is named norma in her honor 33 in popular culture edit this article may contain irrelevant references to popular culture please help improve it by removing such content and adding citations to reliable independent sources august 2018 a new york times article from march 14 2010 says that talmadge is misremembered having inspired two unfair caricatures that have lived on in a pair of popular films in singin in the rain 1952 she is parodied as lina lamont more malignantly billy wilder used norma talmadge as the obvious if unacknowledged source of norma desmond the grotesque predatory silent movie queen of his 1950 film sunset boulevard lina lamont bears little resemblance to talmadge s personality either on or off the screen and unlike the delusional desmond talmadge was not stuck in the past and had left her stardom behind her with considerable relief talmadge is referenced by name in woody allen s film sweet and lowdown 1999 in which the hattie character played by samantha morton is cast in a silent film as her younger sister and described by one character as a dead ringer for may talmadge in the 1960 film adaptation of william inge s the dark at the top of the stairs young sonny flood the son of robert preston s character rubin flood collects pictures of motion picture stars when he asks his aunt and uncle if they would like to see them his uncle asks have you got any of norma talmadge aunt lottie played by eve arden goes on a rant about talmadge being a catholic she says norma talmadge norma talmadge that s all i hear is norma talmadge maybe you d like to marry norma talmadge some day and let the pope tell you what to do with the rest of your life she gets even with morris though when she comments seeing a picture of rudolph valentino i think it s a sin for a man to be as pretty as he is i d be scared stiff to let a man like him touch me filmography edit main article norma talmadge filmography references edit arthur hornblow jr august 1915 norma talmadge post impression of a girl of the photoplays who has enacted every sort of feminine role from childhood to old age photoplay p 99 basinger 2000 p 181 1 2 basinger 2000 p 149 1 2 lowe 2004 p 517 birth certificate stanford university retrieved 2014 03 09 spears jack 1971 hollywood the golden era a s barnes isbn 0498075524 1 2 3 4 5 6 mavromatis kally pringle glen norma talmadge silent star of november 1997 csse monash edu au archived from the original on 2008 12 27 retrieved 2009 02 13 unreliable source norma talmadge film star dead the new york times december 25 1957 p 31 at 13 while she was a student at erasmus hall high school in brooklyn norma found that she could help a little by posing for colored slides that illustrated the songs plugged in the pits of the nickelodeons of 1910 basinger 2000 p 139 1 2 3 4 slide 2002 p 374 1 2 lowe 2004 p 516 basinger 2000 p 143 basinger 2000 p 144 basinger 2000 p 145 basinger 2000 p 146 1 2 milestones time january 6 1958 archived from the original on july 24 2010 basinger 2000 p 150 basinger 2000 p 153 hodges graham russell gao 2004 anna may wong from laundryman s daughter to hollywood legend 3rd ed c...