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ts wikimedia commons wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide coordinates 39 00 n 111 00 w 39 0 n 111 0 w 39 0 111 0 from wikipedia the free encyclopedia geological formation in utah north horn formation stratigraphic range maastrichtian danian 71 64 ma preꞓ ꞓ o s d c p t j k pg n type locality for the north horn formation on north horn mountain emery county utah type geological formation underlies flagstaff formation overlies price river tuscher formations thickness 1 100 m 3 600 ft lithology primary sandstone shale conglomerate other siltstone limestone coal location coordinates 39 00 n 111 00 w 39 0 n 111 0 w 39 0 111 0 approximate paleocoordinates 46 48 n 88 00 w 46 8 n 88 0 w 46 8 88 0 region utah country united states extent 140 km 87 mi type section named for north horn mountain north horn formation the united states show map of the united states north horn formation utah show map of utah north horn formation on the west face of north horn mountain emery county utah the north horn formation is a widespread non marine sedimentary unit with extensive outcrops exposed in central and eastern utah the formation locally exceeds 3 600 feet 1 100 m in thickness and is characterized by fluvial lacustrine and floodplain dominated systems representing a terrestrial high energy depositional environment 1 2 3 the sediments date from late cretaceous maastrichtian to early paleocene in age and include the k pg extinction event boundary however this boundary is extremely difficult to locate and there is no strong stratigraphic evidence available that indicates a specific marker bed such as an iridium rich clay layer 4 5 thus far the only visible evidence is represented in the form of faunal turnover from dinosaur to mammal dominated fossil assemblages taxa from the cretaceous part of the formation include squamates testudines choristoderes crocodyliforms sharks bony fishes amphibians mammals dinosaurs eggshell fragments trace fossils mollusks plant macrofossils such as wood fragments and palynomorphs 6 7 8 9 stratigraphy edit type locality for the north horn formation on north horn mountain emery county utah the north horn formation is a non marine stratigraphic unit located in east and central utah which unconformably overlies the late cretaceous price river formation west of the san rafael swell and the tuscher formation east of the swell 2 the formation is overlain by the late paleocene early eocene flagstaff formation also called the flagstaff limestone 1 2 the north horn type section is located on north horn mountain in emery county utah 10 laterally the north horn formation nearly spans an 87 mile 140 km long east west transect that extends from the wasatch plateau on the west and the book cliffs near green river on the east separated in the middle by the san rafael swell 3 the north horn formation varies greatly in thickness and lithology representing a time transgressive stratigraphic sequence clarification needed which means that the age of the base and top of the formation changes as one moves laterally west of the san rafael swell near price canyon utah the basal contact for the north horn formation is maastrichtian latest cretaceous in age 1 2 3 whereas its base is paleocene in age on the eastern side of the swell 2 some of the most complete sections of the north horn formation are exposed west of the san rafael swell at north horn mountain in which the local stratigraphy sometimes exceeds 3 600 ft 1 100 m in thickness further to the east towards green river utah stratigraphic sections are significantly thinner compared to sections in the west with thicknesses varying between as little as 50 to 130 ft 15 to 40 m 2 4 subdivisions edit the formation is divided into three informal units based on broad but distinct lithological characteristics these units include the lower variegated unit at the base a middle coal unit in which the k pg boundary is located and the upper variegated unit at the top the units themselves are further divided into a total of eight sub units or lithofacies based on facies scale lithological features 1 3 4 a detailed sedimentary study of the north horn formation was conducted by lawton et al 2 these units from oldest to youngest include a 330 ft 100 m thick basal conglomerate unit that consists of an upward fining conglomerates and sandstone and lacks any interbedded shale followed by the lower redbed unit a 790 ft 240 m thick sequence dominated by red sandy siltstone conglomerate and pebbly sandstone the third unit is the sheet sandstone unit and is composed of sheetlike sandstone beds that are interbedded with gray and carbonaceous siltstones some limestone beds are present but are uncommon the fourth unit is characterized by 131 to 374 ft 40 to 114 m thick coal beds and coal streaked siltstone deposits and are referred to as the coal bearing unit this unit is overlain by a 833 ft 254 m thick sequence of primarily calcareous siltstone beds called the calcareous siltstone unit the big mountain unit consists of nearly 750 feet 230 m of interbedded conglomerates and trough cross bedded sandstones followed by a 200 ft 60 m thick set of strata composed of sandstone pebbly sandstone and conglomerates which make up the coal canyon unit the uppermost unit is the upper redbed unit which is nearly a 390 ft 120 m thick and is composed of red brown mottled siltstone and sandy siltstone paleontology edit characteristic dinosaur taxa include the ceratopsian torosaurus utahensis 11 the titanosaurian sauropod utetitan zellaguymondeweyae 12 and the theropod tyrannosaurus rex 13 however the most frequently occurring taxon in the cretaceous strata of the north horn formation is the lizard polyglyphanodon 6 dinosaur footprints have been found here 14 fauna recorded from paleocene strata within the formation appear to be far more diverse and over 70 different taxa have been identified including frogs numerous multituberculate protoeutherian periptychid arctocyonid and phenacodontid mammals crocodyliforms choristoderes trace fossils and palynomorphs 4 7 8 6 marsupial remains similar to alphadon and eodelphis have also been found here as well 15 pterodactyloid tracks present at an unnamed site the specimens are kept at the dinosaur tracks museum of the university of colorado at denver 16 bird and dinosaur eggs have also been found at the site along with unidentified hadrosaur fossils possibly from edmontosaurus or kritosaurus 6 fossil content edit this list is incomplete you can help by adding missing items may 2024 color key taxon reclassified taxon taxon falsely reported as present dubious taxon or junior synonym ichnotaxon ootaxon morphotaxon notes uncertain or tentative taxa are in small text crossed out taxa are discredited tetrapods edit tetrapods of the north horn formation genus species location time 8 abundance notes image adocus 6 a sp 6 maastrichtian alphadon 8 a sp 8 maastrichtian anura 8 indeterminate 8 maastrichtian an incomplete articulated specimen omnh 27756 a frog with a snout vent length no greater than 25 mm differs from named species of north american lancian frogs but bears resemblance to bones from the hell creek and lance formations identified as eopelobates sp this is the only articulated frog specimen from the lancian aspideretes 8 a sp 8 maastrichtian atoposauridae 8 indeterminate 8 maastrichtian basilemys 6 b sp 6 maastrichtian champsosaurus 6 c sp 6 maastrichtian danian cimolomys 8 c sp 8 maastrichtian compsemys 8 c victa c sp 8 maastrichtian danian eutheria 8 indeterminate 8 maastrichtian hadrosauridae 8 indeterminate 8 maastrichtian kritosaurini 17 indeterminate maastrichtian a dentary byu 9432 leptochamops 8 cf l sp 8 maastrichtian mesodma 8 m sp cf m hensleighi 8 maastrichtian paracimexomys 8 p sp 8 maastrichtian paraglyphanodon 8 p utahensis p gazini 8 maastrichtian pediomys 8 p sp 8 maastrichtian pinacosuchus 8 p mantiensis 8 maastrichtian pholidosauridae 8 indeterminate 8 maastrichtian polyglyphanodon 6 p sternbergi 6 maastrichtian protolambda p hatcheri 8 18 maastrichtian previously identified as a species of pediomys pteraichnus 16 found at an unnamed site 16 maastrichtian specimens kept at the dinosaur tracks museum of the university of colorado at denver 16 torosaurus 11 t utahensis 11 maastrichtian troodontidae 8 indeterminate 8 maastrichtian tyrannosaurus 13 19 t rex 13 19 maastrichtian utetitan 12 u zellaguymondeweyae 12 maastrichtian originally referred to alamosaurus sanjuanensis fish edit fishes of the north horn formation genus species location time 8 abundance notes image amiidae 8 indeterminate 8 maastrichtian ischyrhiza 8 i sp 8 maastrichtian lepisosteus 6 l sp 6 maastrichtian danian scales and teeth myledaphus 8 m bipartitus 8 maastrichtian pycnodontidae 8 indeterminate 8 maastrichtian squatirhina 8 s americana 8 maastrichtian see also edit list of dinosaur bearing rock formations kaiparowits formation references edit 1 2 3 4 fouch t d lawton t f nichols d j cashion w b cobban w a 1983 patterns and timing of synorogenic sedimentation in upper cretaceous rocks of central and northeast utah in reynolds m w and dolly e d eds mesozoic paleogeography of west central united states society of economic paleontologists and mineralogists pp 305 336 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 lawton t f 1986 fluvial systems of the upper cretaceous mesaverde group and paleocene north horn formation central utah a record of transition from thin skinned to thick skinned deformation in the foreland region paleotectonics and sedimentatio in the rocky mountain region united states aapg special volumes m 41 pp 423 442 1 2 3 4 lawton t f talling p j hobbs r s trexler j h jr weiss m p burbank d w 1993 structure and stratigraphy of upper cretaceous and paleocene strata north horn formation eastern san pitch mountains utah sedimentation at the front of the sevier orogenic belt united states geological survey bulletin 1787 ii pp 1 33 1 2 3 4 difley r ekdale a a 2002 faunal implications of an environmental change before the cretaceous tertiary k t transition in central utah cretaceous research 23 315 331 myung suk y cross a t 1997 palynostratigraphy of upper cretaceous lower tertiary strata price canyon utah review of palaeobotany and palynology 97 p 53 66 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 gilmore charles w 1946 reptilian fauna of the north horn formation of central utah vol 210 washington d c us government printing office pp 29 53 doi 10 3133 pp210c s2cid 128849169 1 2 cifelli r l czaplewski n j rose k d 1995 knowledge of paleocene mammals from the north horn formation central utah the great basin naturalist vol 55 4 pp 304 314 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 cifelli richard l nydam randall l eaton jeffrey g gardner james d kirkland james i 1999 vertebrate faunas of the north horn formation upper cretaceous lower paleocene emery and sanpete counties utah in gillette david d ed vertebrate paleontology in utah salt lake city utah geological survey pp 377 388 isbn 1 55791 634 9 difley rose l ekdale allan a august 2002 footprints of utah s last dinosaurs track beds in the upper cretaceous maastrichtian north horn formation of the wasatch plateau central utah palaios 17 4 327 346 bibcode 2002palai 17 327d doi 10 1669 0883 1351 2002 017 0327 fousld 2 0 co 2 jstor 3515759 s2cid 130309439 retrieved 18 october 2020 spieker e m 1946 late mesozoic and early cenozoic history of central utah united states geological survey professional paper 205 d 117 159 1 2 3 sullivan r m boere a c lucas s g 2005 redescription of the ceratopsid dinosaur torosaurus utahensis gilmore 1946 and a revision of the genus journal of paleontology 79 3 564 582 bibcode 2005jpal 79 564s doi 10 1666 0022 3360 2005 079 0564 rotcdt 2 0 co 2 1 2 3 paul gregory s 2025 10 07 stratigraphic and anatomical evidence for multiple titanosaurid dinosaur taxa in the late cretaceous campanian maastrichtian of southwestern north america geology of the intermountain west 12 201 220 doi 10 31711 giw v12 pp201 220 1 2 3 sampson scott d loewon mark a 27 june 2005 tyrannosaurus rex from the upper cretaceous maastrichtian north horn formation of utah biogeographic and paleoecologic implications journal of vertebrate paleontology 25 2 469 472 doi 10 1671 0272 4634 2005 025 0469 trftuc 2 0 co 2 jstor 4524461 s2cid 131583311 retrieved 18 october 2020 difley rose l ekdale a a 2002 08 01 footprints of utah s last dinosaurs track beds in the upper cretaceous maastrichtian north horn formation of the wasatch plateau central utah palaios 17 4 327 346 bibcode 2002palai 17 327d doi 10 1669 0883 1351 2002 017 0327 fousld 2 0 co 2 issn 0883 1351 cifelli richard l de muizon christian may 1998 marsupial mammal from the upper cretaceous north horn formation central utah journal of paleontology 72 3 cambridge university press 532 637 bibcode 1998jpal 72 532c doi 10 1017 s0022336000024306 s2cid 130086187 retrieved 19 november 2020 1 2 3 4 lockley m harris j d and mitchell l 2008 a global overview of pterosaur ichnology tracksite distribution in space and time zitteliana b28 p 187 198 issn 1612 4138 longrich nicholas r ramirez velasco angel alejandro kirkland jim bermúdez torres andrés eduardo serrano brañas claudia inés 2024 09 01 coahuilasaurus lipani a new kritosaurin hadrosaurid from the upper campanian cerro del pueblo formation northern mexico diversity 16 9 531 bibcode 2024diver 16 531l doi 10 3390 d16090531 issn 1424 2818 davis b m 2007 a revision of pediomyid marsupials from the late cretaceous of north america pdf acta palaeontologica polonica 52 2 217 256 1 2 weishampel david b et al 2004 dinosaur distribution late cretaceous north america in weishampel david b dodson peter and osmólska halszka eds the dinosauria 2nd berkeley university of california press pp 574 588 isbn 0 520 24209 2 retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title north_horn_formation oldid 1324721391 categories fossiliferous stratigraphic units of the united states maastrichtian stage of north america danian stage cretaceous paleogene boundary upper cretaceous series of north america sandstone formations of the united states shale formations of the united states siltstone formations of the united states conglomerate formations of the united states ooliferous formations coal in the united states geologic formations of utah landforms of carbon county utah landforms of emery county utah hidden categories articles with short description short description matches wikidata pages using gadget wikiminiatlas coordinates on wikidata wikipedia articles needing clarification from december 2018 incomplete lists from may 2024 this page was last edited on 29 november 2025 at 06 23 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy 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