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north saharan steppe and woodlands wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 geography 2 climate 3 ecology 4 flora 5 fauna 6 protected areas 7 references 8 external links toggle the table of contents north saharan steppe and woodlands 10 languages العربية مصرى esperanto español فارسی français italiano ქართული русский українська edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia ecoregion in north africa north saharan steppe and woodlands souss massa national park in morocco map of north africa with ecoregion territory in purple ecology realm palearctic biome deserts and xeric shrublands borders list arabian desert and east sahero arabian xeric shrublands atlantic coastal desert mediterranean dry woodlands and steppe nile delta flooded savanna sahara desert saharan halophytics sahelian acacia savanna south saharan steppe and woodlands west saharan montane xeric woodlands geography area 1 675 300 km 2 646 800 mi 2 countries list algeria egypt libya mauritania morocco tunisia western sahara conservation conservation status relatively intact protected 0 69 1 the north saharan steppe and woodlands is a desert ecoregion in the deserts and xeric shrublands biome that forms the northern edge of the sahara it extends east and west across northern africa south of the mediterranean dry woodlands and steppe ecoregion of the maghreb and cyrenaica which is part of the mediterranean forests woodlands and scrub biome winter rains sustain shrublands and dry woodlands that form an ecotone between the mediterranean climate regions to the north and the hyper arid sahara desert ecoregion to the south geography edit the north saharan steppe and woodlands covers 1 675 300 square kilometers 646 800 sq mi in algeria egypt libya mauritania morocco tunisia and western sahara 2 climate edit the climate in this ecoregion is hot and dry in the summer but cooler with some rain in the winter atlantic depressions sometimes penetrate inland between october and april rainfall is erratic but averages 100 mm 4 in in the north and 50 mm 2 in in the south during the summer temperatures regularly rise to 40 to 45 c 104 to 113 f and evaporation far exceeds precipitation 2 ecology edit there are varying habitats in the ecoregion including sandy systems rocky plateaus wadis depressions and mountains each has its own characteristic species and there is considerable endemism of both plants and animals in the area flora edit plant communities include steppes of grasses herbs and low shrubs tall shrublands and dry woodlands shrublands and woodlands typically grow in depressions in the valleys of intermittent streams wadis and on consolidated dunes common trees include vachellia tortilis pistacia atlantica and tamarix aphylla tall shrubs of the woodlands and tall shrublands include retama raetam ziziphus lotus calobota saharae and calligonum comosum 2 plants have evolved various strategies to adapt to the dry climate and intermittent rainfall many herbaceous ephemeral plants particularly in the north germinate in january during the wet season and quickly mature and flower before they dry out in the spring 2 fauna edit small mammals endemic to the sahara area include the four toed jerboa allactaga tetradactyla north african gerbil gerbillus campestris james s gerbil g jamesi pale gerbil g perpallidus lesser short tailed gerbil g simoni sand gerbil g syrticus fat tailed gerbil pachyuromys duprasi and shaw s jird meriones shawi larger mammals include the dorcas gazelle gazella dorcas mountain gazelle gazella cuvieri and slender horned gazelle gazella leptoceros there are a variety of snakes and lizards including two endemic species desert agama trapelus mutabilis and natterer s gecko tropiocolotes nattereri there are few amphibians brongersma s toad bufo brongersmai being endemic to the coastal region of north africa among the bird species the houbara bustard chlamydotis undulata and nubian bustard neotis nuba have decreased in numbers because of hunting pressure 2 protected areas edit only 0 69 of the ecoregion is in protected areas these include 1 dghoumes national park tunisia el omayed nature conservation reserve egypt iriqui national park morocco khnifiss national park morocco jbil national park tunisia oued dkouk nature reserve tunisia sanghr jabbess national park tunisia sidi toui national park tunisia references edit 1 2 north saharan steppe and woodlands digital observatory for protected areas dopa explorer accessed 9 october 2022 1 2 3 4 5 north saharan steppe and woodlands wwf retrieved 25 november 2016 external links edit media related to north saharan xeric steppe and woodlands ecoregion at wikimedia commons v t e palearctic deserts and xeric shrublands ecoregions africa atlantic coastal desert north saharan steppe and woodlands red sea coastal desert sahara desert south saharan steppe and woodlands tibesti jebel uweinat montane xeric woodlands west saharan montane xeric woodlands west asia arabian desert azerbaijan shrub desert and steppe central persian desert basins east arabian fog shrublands and sand desert mesopotamian shrub desert persian gulf desert and semi desert red sea nubo sindian tropical desert and semi desert south arabian plains and plateau desert south iran nubo sindian desert and semi desert central asia afghan mountains semi desert badghyz and karabil semi desert balochistan xeric woodlands caspian lowland desert central afghan mountains xeric woodlands central asian northern desert central asian riparian woodlands central asian southern desert kazakh semi desert kopet dag semi desert paropamisus xeric woodlandsbbgg registan north pakistan sandy desert east asia alashan plateau semi desert dzungaria eastern gobi desert steppe gobi lakes valley desert steppe great lakes basin desert steppe qaidam basin taklamakan desert south asia thar desert europe tabernas desert retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title north_saharan_steppe_and_woodlands oldid 1333932435 categories deserts and xeric shrublands palearctic ecoregions ecoregions of algeria ecoregions of egypt ecoregions of libya ecoregions of mauritania ecoregions of morocco ecoregions of tunisia ecoregions of western sahara flora of algeria flora of egypt flora of libya flora of mauritania flora of morocco flora of tunisia flora of western sahara flora of north africa hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata commons category link from wikidata this page was last edited on 20 january 2026 at 15 56 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search toggle the table of contents north saharan steppe and woodlands 10 languages add topic