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ight trains sometimes numbering over one hundred cars traversing great lengths of the corridor all freight operations ultimately came under the control of penn central in the late 1960s and later conrail upon its formation in 1976 however amtrak whose ridership was steadily increasing began demanding heavier taxes for longer trains ultimately conrail began reducing freight service to only small local trains on certain sections of the corridor where most needed once longer freights began causing congestion and bigger delays with passenger service currently norfolk southern railway operates over the line south of philadelphia csx transportation has rights from new york to new haven in massachusetts and in maryland from landover where its landover subdivision joins the nec to bowie where its pope s creek subdivision leaves it between philadelphia and new york conrail shared assets operations operates as a local switching and terminal company for csx and norfolk southern the providence and worcester railroad operates local freight service from new haven into rhode island and has overhead trackage rights from new haven to new york over the hell gate bridge to fresh pond junction 102 additionally the canadian pacific kansas city and the new york and atlantic railway both have trackage rights over the hell gate bridge in order to connect with their own routes near new york 103 future nec projects edit frederick douglass tunnel edit main article baltimore and potomac tunnel in january 2010 60 million was allocated under the american recovery and reinvestment act to begin studying possible replacements to the baltimore and potomac tunnel a major bottleneck on the northeast corridor between baltimore penn station and washington d c 104 dating back to the 1860s the design and age of the tunnel limits trains to 30 miles per hour 48 km h limits the installation of fire and safety systems and requires costly maintenance to keep operational 105 the replacement tunnel is intended to allow speeds up to 100 miles per hour 160 km h as well as increasing capacity and safety 106 after preliminary and final design downselection in 2014 and 2016 respectively and fra approval in 2017 the replacement tunnel design was fully finalized in 2021 107 108 109 110 after receiving a 4 7 billion grant through the infrastructure investment and jobs act in november 2023 the construction contract was awarded to the kiewit j f shea joint venture in february 2024 and construction work began later that month with completion expected in 2035 111 112 113 114 gateway program edit this section needs expansion you can help by adding missing information august 2025 main article gateway program northeast corridor in february 2011 amtrak announced plans for the gateway project between newark penn station and new york penn station 115 the planned project would create a high speed alignment across the new jersey meadowlands and under the hudson river including the replacement of the portal bridge a bottleneck harold interlocking edit main article harold interlocking in may 2011 a 294 7 million federal grant was awarded to fix congestion at harold interlocking the usa s second busiest rail junction after sunnyside yard the work will lay tracks to the new york connecting railroad right of way allowing amtrak trains arriving from or bound for new england to avoid nj transit and long island rail road trains 116 117 financing for the project was jeopardized in july 2011 by the house of representatives which voted to divert the funding to unrelated projects 118 the project was then funded by fra and the mta 119 as of 2018 update the interlocking is being reconstructed for lirr s east side access project 120 121 new brunswick trenton high speed upgrade edit in august 2011 congress obligated 450 million to a six year project to add capacity on one of the busiest segments on the nec in new jersey 61 the project is designed to upgrade electrical power signal systems and catenary wires on a 24 mile 39 km section between new brunswick and trenton to improve reliability increase speeds up to 160 mph 260 km h and support more frequent high speed service 122 123 124 the improvements were scheduled to be completed in 2016 but have been delayed repeatedly 125 the track work is one of several projects planned for the new jersey speedway section of the nec which include a new station at north brunswick the mid line loop a flyover for reversing train direction and the re construction of county yard to be done in coordination with nj transit 126 acela trains began operating at speeds up to 150 mph 240 km h between princeton junction and new brunswick in june 2022 with the planned introduction of the avelia liberty in 2025 speeds will increase to 160 miles per hour 260 km h 127 new trains for acela edit the first in service avelia liberty trainset departing boston south station on august 28 2025 main article avelia liberty on august 26 2016 vice president joe biden announced a 2 45 billion federal loan package to pay for new acela equipment and upgrades to the nec the loans will finance 28 trainsets to replace the existing fleet the trains are being built by alstom in hornell and rochester new york passenger service using the new trains had been expected to begin in 2024 but implementation was highly delayed 128 the first new trainsets entered service on august 28 2025 129 130 the current fleet is expected to be retired when all the replacements have been delivered amtrak plans to repay the loans through increased nec passenger revenue 131 connecticut speed upgrade edit the connecticut department of transportation plans to replace a three mile stretch of track in bridgeport stratford and milford including the reconstruction of eight bridges one in bridgeport and seven in stratford catenary replacement the reconstruction of one interlocking for high speed track changes and the construction of an additional new high speed interlocking 132 133 these improvements will allow metro north and amtrak trains to travel at 90 mph 140 km h instead of the current 70 mph 110 km h limit 134 135 the 385 million project is planned to begin in 2025 with completion estimated in december 2028 132 136 replacement of bridge over housatonic river edit main article housatonic river railroad bridge replacement in milford and stratford connecticut the 1906 devon bridge over the housatonic river causes delays and speed restrictions 137 the four track bascule bridge is planned to be rehabilitated and eventually replaced improving reliability and reducing travel times 138 the connecticut department of transportation was awarded 119 3 million for interim repairs to the bridge in 2023 136 repairs are scheduled to run from june 2025 until june 2027 a new bridge to replace the existing span is to be built from october 2030 to august 2036 137 amtrak was awarded up to 246 million in infrastructure investment and jobs act funds in november 2023 for the design of a replacement for the span amtrak will contribute an additional 16 million while the state of connecticut will provide 45 million 136 the replacement bridge is being designed for a top speed of 70 mph 110 km h up from the current 40 mph 64 km h limit on the existing bridge 139 replacement of bridge over hutchinson river edit main article pelham bay bridge bridge replacement project amtrak is planning to replace the 1907 low level movable rail pelham bay bridge just west of pelham bridge over the hutchinson river in the bronx that has been limiting speed and train capacity the goal is for a new bridge to support expanded service and speeds up to 70 mph 110 km h 140 141 construction is anticipated to begin in 2029 with completion expected in 2034 140 142 funding for the replacement bridge will be provided by the metropolitan transportation authority 142 replacement of bridge over mianus river edit main article mianus river railroad bridge replacement project in the november of 2024 the connecticut department of transportation was awarded a 6 4 million federal grant to explore options to find a replacement for the 1904 built mianus river railroad bridge also known as the cos cob bridge in greenwich connecticut 143 replacement of bridge over norwalk river edit main article norwalk river railroad bridge replacement in may 2023 construction began to replace the 1896 walk bridge a swing bridge over the norwalk river in norwalk connecticut the current bridge is a frequent point of failure and a source of speed restrictions for amtrak and metro north trains 144 the replacement bridge a dual span lift bridge is expected to be completed in 2029 145 146 the replacement bridge is designed for a speed increase of 15 mph 24 km h 147 amtrak was awarded 465 million in infrastructure investment and jobs act funds in november 2023 amtrak will contribute an additional 27 million while the state of connecticut will provide 87 million 148 149 replacement of bridge over saugatuck river edit main article saugatuck river railroad bridge replacement project in westport connecticut the 1905 built saugatuck river bridge over the saugatuck river is planned to be replaced with a new span as the current four track bascule bridge is a source of delays and speed restrictions 150 construction on the replacement bridge is expected to last from january 2030 to october 2033 139 the replacement bridge is being designed for a top speed of 90 mph 140 km h up from the current 45 mph 72 km h limit on the existing bridge 139 amtrak was awarded up to 23 2 million in infrastructure investment and jobs act funds in november 2023 for early design of a replacement for the span amtrak will contribute an additional 1 6 million while the state of connecticut will provide 4 2 million 148 see also edit railways portal high speed rail in the united states north atlantic rail northeast maglev corridor via rail notes edit amtrak s fiscal year fy runs from october 1 of the prior year to september 30 of the 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long throng insp...