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the (138), and (80), chiki (49), santali (41), for (35), with (34), #script (32), braille (30), edit (23), scripts (22), from (19), #letter (18), which (18), are (17), this (16), language (16), writing (16), alphabet (16), unicode (16), letters (16), other (15), used (15), cursive (13), ipa (12), retrieved (12), two (12), styles (11), original (11), written (10), also (10), usara (10), pdf (10), archived (10), person (10), hand (10), not (10), print (10), languages (9), murmu (9), one (9), style (9), text (8), marks (8), english (8), shorthand (8), lowercase (8), all (8), towards (8), mark (8), word (8), wikipedia (7), was (7), chinese (7), family (7), old (7), his (7), chapa (7), human (7), rights (7), 2022 (7), ala (7), portal (7), that (7), form (7), usaraà (7), dot (6), india (6), arabic (6), man (6), roman (6), numerals (6), sound (6), june (6), september (6), 3pl (6), article (6), has (6), but (6), ṭuḍạg (6), ahad (6), indic (6), toggle (5), code (5), may (5), use (5), page (5), 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Text of the page (random words):
glottalization of a consonant in the word final position it preserves the morphophonemic relationship between the preglottalized and voiced equivalents of consonants 9 for example ᱜ represents a voiced g when word initial but a checked ˀk ʔ when in the word final position a voiced g in the word final position is written as ᱜᱽ the ahad is used with ᱜ ᱡ ᱦ ᱫ and ᱵ which can form cursive ligatures with ᱽ in handwriting but not usually in printed text 6 ala lc transliteration uses an apostrophe ʼ to represent an ahad 8 ᱼ pharka this hyphen like mark serves as a glottal protector the opposite function as the ahad it preserves the checked sound even in the word initial position compare ᱜᱚ gɔ with ᱜᱼᱚ ˀkɔ the pharka is only used with ᱜ ᱡ ᱫ and ᱵ it is omitted in ala lc transliteration 8 numerals edit ol chiki has its own numerals hindu arabic numerals 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 ol chiki ᱐ ᱑ ᱒ ᱓ ᱔ ᱕ ᱖ ᱗ ᱘ ᱙ punctuation edit some western style punctuation marks are used with ol chiki the comma exclamation mark question mark and quotation marks and the period fullstop is not used because it is visually confusible with the gạhạ ṭuḍạg mark ᱹ 6 therefore instead of periods the script uses single or two ol chiki short dandas mucạd marks a minor break double mucạd marks a major break computing edit unicode edit main article ol chiki unicode block ol chiki script was added to the unicode standard in april 2008 with the release of version 5 1 the unicode block for ol chiki is u 1c50 u 1c7f ol chiki 1 official unicode consortium code chart pdf 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a b c d e f u 1c5x ᱐ ᱑ ᱒ ᱓ ᱔ ᱕ ᱖ ᱗ ᱘ ᱙ ᱚ ᱛ ᱜ ᱝ ᱞ ᱟ u 1c6x ᱠ ᱡ ᱢ ᱣ ᱤ ᱥ ᱦ ᱧ ᱨ ᱩ ᱪ ᱫ ᱬ ᱭ ᱮ ᱯ u 1c7x ᱰ ᱱ ᱲ ᱳ ᱴ ᱵ ᱶ ᱷ ᱸ ᱹ ᱺ ᱻ ᱼ ᱽ notes 1 as of unicode version 18 0 fonts edit google s noto sans ol chiki 10 microsoft s font family nirmala ui 11 mixing the two letter styles edit although ol chiki chapa and ol chiki usara are normally never mixed and the original inventor never mentioned mixing these letter styles there have been some works that mix both forms using them like english capital and small letters however this innovation is yet to be accepted officially 12 the invention of a lower case for ol chiki edit since 2017 santali graphic designer typographer and film producer sudip iglesias murmu has been working on design principles to provide a lowercase alphabet form for ol chiki which would permit ol chiki writing and keyboarding to use a two case or bicameral format using both uppercase and lowercase as is done in many other written languages including the roman alphabet languages such as english all of which were once unicameral scripts but evolved into a bicameral stage over time as the development of a lowercase form is contributed to developing a standardized cursive form in those writing systems which use one the evolution of lowercase is likely to allow standardizing cursive to the point of making it type able alongside more rigid block printed letterforms forms so far only ol chiki chapa letters are used in keyboarding typesetting and publishing in effect producing capitals only text for the entirety of all printed or keyboarded documents in writing quickly by hand ol chiki usara is used but despite ol usara s potential for reaching high speed the circulation of ol usara documents is negligible and ol usara is yet to receive unicode standardization thus leaving it still neglected in hopes to remedy this situation and to harmonize the two scripts sudip iglesias murmu has innovated by creating a series of lowercase letters which he has integrated with the already existing font of ol chiki according to him providing lowercase letters increases the efficiency of keyboarding both for ol chiki chapa and for ol chiki usara and allows keyboarding to reach the same speed that can be obtained when typing santali in roman alphabet letters which are likewise case sensitive however his work is yet to be accepted officially 13 sample text edit the following text is article 1 of the universal declaration of human rights written in santali ol chiki script edit ᱡᱚᱛᱚ ᱞᱮᱠᱟᱱᱚ ᱢᱳᱱᱚ ᱟᱨᱚ ᱚᱫᱷᱤᱠᱟᱨᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱠᱚ ᱟᱫᱷᱟᱨᱚ ᱨᱮ ᱢᱩᱪᱳᱛᱚ ᱫᱷᱟᱵᱤᱪᱚ ᱥᱣᱚᱛᱚᱱᱛᱨᱚ ᱟᱨᱚ ᱥᱩᱢᱟᱱᱚ ᱠᱳ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱠᱚᱟ ᱩᱱᱚᱠᱳ ᱦᱳ ᱵᱩᱫᱫᱷᱤ ᱟᱨᱚ ᱵᱩᱡᱷᱚᱦᱚᱩ ᱠᱳ ᱟᱜᱩ ᱛᱳᱨᱟ ᱵᱟᱠᱟ ᱫᱟᱱᱮᱪᱚ ᱟᱨᱚ ᱢᱤᱠᱚ ᱦᱚᱰᱚ ᱟᱨᱚ ᱫᱳᱥᱟᱨᱚ ᱦᱚᱰᱚ ᱨᱚ ᱟᱯᱱᱟᱨᱚ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱠᱚ ᱣᱭᱚᱣᱚᱦᱟᱨᱚ ᱦᱩᱭᱩᱠᱚ ᱡᱳᱨᱩᱰᱟ 14 ipa glossed transcription edit dʒɔtɔ all lekan kind mon human ar and ɔdhikar reakˀ rights gen adhar rɛ dignity loc mutʃot birth dhabitʃˀ at swɔtɔntrɔ free ar and suman ko equal 3pl huju ʔ ko a cop mid 3pl subj ind dʒɔtɔ lekan mon ar ɔdhikar reakˀ adhar rɛ mutʃot dhabitʃˀ swɔtɔntrɔ ar suman ko huju ʔ ko a all kind human and rights gen dignity loc birth at free and equal 3pl cop mid 3pl subj ind all human beings with respect to rights and in dignity at birth free and equal are unko they hɔ̃ also buddhi intelligence ar and budʒhhɔ ko judgment 3pl subj əgu tor a bring with ind baka therefore danetʃˀ one another ar and mitˀ one hɔɽ man ar and dɔsar other hɔɽ person rɔ towards apnar reakˀ own gen inan jawɔhar behavior huju kˀ cop mid dʒəruɽa should unko hɔ̃ buddhi ar budʒhhɔ ko əgu tor a baka danetʃˀ ar mitˀ hɔɽ ar dɔsar hɔɽ rɔ apnar reakˀ jawɔhar huju kˀ dʒəruɽa they also intelligence and judgment 3pl subj bring with ind therefore one another and one man and other person towards own gen inan behavior cop mid should they also reason and understanding given with therefore toward one another one person toward another person in their own conduct should act english edit all human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights they are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood see also edit byomkes chakrabarti a bengali research worker on ethnic languages santali latin alphabet turia chand baskey references edit 1 2 ol chiki script a portal for santals 2002 archived from the original on 8 august 2018 retrieved 12 september 2017 hembram phatik chandra 2002 santhali a natural language u hembram p 165 hembram baghrai charan 2012 a glimpse of santali grammar noha trust bahalda mayurbhanj odisha p 05 archived from the original on 30 september 2022 retrieved 23 june 2022 hembram baghrai charan 2012 a glimpse of santali grammar noha trust bahalda mayurbhanj odisha p 01 samal a p subhakanta 14 january 2022 personalities of odisha shubhdristi publication isbn 978 93 5593 204 4 archived from the original on 26 september 2023 retrieved 22 june 2022 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 everson michael 5 september 2005 l2 05 243r final proposal to encode the ol chiki script in the ucs pdf archived pdf from the original on 31 july 2015 retrieved 19 september 2019 1 2 zide norman 1996 daniels peter t bright william eds the world s writing systems oxford university press inc pp 614 615 isbn 978 0195079937 1 2 3 4 5 6 santali in ol script pdf ala lc romanization tables library of congress archived pdf from the original on 4 december 2018 retrieved 12 september 2017 1 2 3 the unicode standard chapter 13 10 ol chiki pdf unicode consortium march 2020 archived pdf from the original on 5 july 2020 retrieved 21 march 2020 noto sans ol chiki google noto fonts archived from the original on 8 january 2017 retrieved 5 june 2020 nirmala ui font family typography docs microsoft com retrieved 5 june 2020 ajanta hc 11 august 2021 ol chiki lower case letters invented by sudip iglesias murmu prlog press release mumbai archived from the original on 22 november 2021 retrieved 2 june 2022 ol chiki moulded into perfection by invention of lowercase letters ajanta heritage culture 9 august 2021 archived from the original on 26 may 2022 retrieved 2 june 2022 universal declaration of human rights santali ᱢᱟᱱᱣᱟ ᱟᱹᱭᱫᱟᱹᱨᱤ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱥᱟᱱᱟᱢ ᱡᱟᱹᱛ ᱨᱮᱭᱟᱜ ᱜᱷᱚᱥᱚᱬᱟ pdf in santali office of the united nations high commissioner for human rights p 2 archived pdf from the original on 10 january 2025 retrieved 16 february 2026 smallest unit of meaningful speech sound the process is described in ol chemed a santali primer and also in his book ronod a santali grammar in santali in his description of ol chiki s chapa and usara styles v t e types of writing systems overview history of writing grapheme lists writing systems undeciphered inventors constructed languages by writing system by first written accounts types abjads numerals aramaic hatran arabic elifba egyptian hieroglyphs elymaic hebrew ashuri cursive rashi solitreo tifinagh mandaic manichaean nabataean ancient north arabian paleo hebrew pahlavi book inscriptional inscriptional parthian psalter pegon phoenician pitman shorthand proto sinaitic punic samaritan south arabian zabur musnad sogdian syriac ʾesṭrangēlā serṭā maḏnḥāyā teeline shorthand ugaritic abugidas brahmic northern bengali assamese bhaiksuki brahmi script devanagari dogri gujarati gupta gurmukhi kaithi kalinga khema khojki khudabadi laṇḍā lepcha mahajani marchen meitei modi multani nagari nandinagari nepalese scripts bhujimol golmol himmol kummol kvemmol kurukh pachumol newar ranjana tamyig tirhuta limbu litumol odia karani ʼphags pa sharada siddhaṃ soyombo sylheti nagri takri tibetan uchen umê tocharian zanabazar square southern ahom balinese batak baybayin bhattiprolu buda buhid chakma cham fakkham grantha goykanadi hanunoo javanese kadamba kannada karen kawi khmer khom thai kulitan lanna langdi lao leke lontara bilang bilang makasar malayalam old maldivian dhives akuru eveyla akuru mon burmese pallava pyu saurashtra shan sinhala sukhothai sundanese old sundanese tagbanwa tai le new tai lue tai noi tai tham tai viet lai tay tamil tamil brahmi tanchangya telugu thai tigalari ulu scripts incung lampung lembak ogan pasemah rejang serawai vatteluttu kolezhuthu malayanma others bharati boyd s syllabic shorthand canadian syllabics blackfoot déné syllabics dham fox i geʽez gunjala gondi japanese braille sarati jenticha kharosthi mandombe masaram gondi meroitic miao mwangwego pahawh hmong sorang sompeng tengwar thaana thomas natural shorthand warang citi rma alphabets linear adlam ariyaka armenian avestan pazend avoiuli bassa vah carian caucasian albanian cirth coelbren coorgi cox alphabet coptic cyrillic serbian early deseret duployan shorthand chinook eclectic shorthand elbasan enochian etruscan formosan fox ii franklin s phonetic fraser gabelsberger shorthand gadabuursi garay alphabet georgian asomtavruli nuskhuri mkhedruli veso bey glagolitic gothic gregg shorthand greek archaic greco iberian alphabet hangul hanifi hurûf ı munfasıla sunuwar kaddare kayah li klingon latin beneventan blackletter carolingian minuscule fraktur gaelic insular ipa kurrent merovingian sigla sütterlin tironian notes visigothic luo lycian lydian manchu medefaidrin mru mundari bani n ko ogham ol chiki old italic old permic orkhon yenisei old hungarian old uyghur mongolian evenki galik alphabet manchu oirat vagindra ol onal osage osmanya pau cin hau phrygian pisidian runic anglo saxon cipher dalecarlian elder futhark younger futhark gothic marcomannic medieval staveless shavian sidetic sorang sompeng sunuwar tifinagh todhri tolong siki vellara visible speech vithkuqi wancho warang citi yezidi zaghawa non linear braille flag semaphore maritime flags moon type new york point fingerspelling telegraph code ideograms adinkra aztec blissymbols dongba ersu shaba emoji isotype kaidā miꞌkmaw mixtec new epoch notation painting nsibidi anishinaabewibii iganan olmec siglas poveiras testerian yerkish zapotec logograms chinese family of scripts chinese characters simplified traditional oracle bone script bronze scripts seal script large small bird worm hanja kanji chữ nôm sawndip bowen chinese influenced jurchen khitan large script sui tangut cuneiform akkadian assyrian elamite hittite luwian sumerian other logosyllabic anatolian bagam cretan isthmian maya proto elamite tenevil wiigwaasabak yi classical logoconsonantal demotic hieratic hieroglyphs numerals hindu arabic abjad attic greek muisca roman other sitelen pona semi syllabaries full linear elamite celtiberian iberian northeastern southeastern khom dunging redundant espanca script pahawh hmong khitan small script southwest paleohispanic bopomofo quốc âm tân tự sign languages aslwrite signwriting si5s stokoe notation syllabaries afaka bamum bété byblos canadian aboriginal cherokee cypriot cypro minoan ditema tsa dinoko eskayan geba great lakes algonquian iban idu kana hiragana katakana man yōgana hentaigana sōgana jindai moji kikakui kpelle linear b linear elamite lisu loma nüshu nwagu aneke script old persian cuneiform sumerian vai woleai yi yugtun v t e braille braille cell 1829 braille international uniformity ascii braille unicode braille patterns braille scripts french ordered albanian cantonese catalan chinese mainland mandarin largely reassigned czech dutch 6 dot 8 dot english unified english esperanto french german ghanaian guarani hawaiian hungarian iñupiaq ipa irish italian latvian lithuanian luxembourgish extended to 8 dot maltese māori navajo nigerian philippine polish portuguese romanian samoan slovak south african spanish taiwanese mandarin largely reassigned turkish azerbaijani vietnamese welsh yugoslav zambian nordic family estonian faroese icelandic scandinavian danish finnish greenlandic northern sámi norwegian swedish russian lineage family i e cyrillic mediated scripts belarusian bulgarian kazakh kyrgyz mongolian russian tatar ukrainian egyptian lineage family i e arabic mediated scripts arabic persian urdu pakistan indian lineage family i e bharati braille devanagari hindi marathi nepali bengali bangla assamese gujarati kannada malayalam odia punjabi sinhala tamil telugu urdu india other scripts amharic armenian burmese dzongkha bhutanese georgian greek hebrew inuktitut reassigned vowels khmer thai and lao japanese vowels tibetan reordered algerian braille obsolete frequency based american braille obsolete independent chinese semi syllabaries cantonese mainland chinese mandarin taiwanese mandarin two cell chinese shuangpin japanese korean eight dot dutch luxembourgish kanji gardner salinas braille codes gs8 symbols in braille braille music canadian currency marks computer braille code gardner salinas braille codes science gs8 gs6 international phonetic alphabet ipa nemeth braille code braille technology braille e book braille embosser braille translator braille watch mountbatten brailler optical braille recognition perforation perkins brailler refreshable braille display slate and stylus braigo people louis braille charles barbier róża czacka valentin haüy harris mowbray thakur vishva narain singh maría del carmen ortiz de arce sabriye tenberken william bell wait organisations braille institute of america braille without borders japan braille library national braille association blindness organizations schools for the blind american printing house for the blind other tactile alphabets decapoint moon type new york point night writing vibratese related topics accessible publishing braille literacy robobraille retrieved from https en wikipedia org w 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