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Text of the page (random words):
ol onal wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 language 2 history 3 structure 4 letters 5 numerals 6 unicode 7 see also 8 references 9 external links toggle the table of contents ol onal 5 languages বাংলা हिन्दी igbo ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia alphabetic script of bhumij language ol onal script ol onal alphabet chart with both uppercase and lowercase characters divided into vowels consonants and tone markers script type alphabet creator mahendra nath sardar period 1981 present direction left to right region odisha jharkhand west bengal assam india languages bhumij iso 15924 iso 15924 onao 296 ol onal unicode unicode alias ol onal unicode range u 1e5d0 u 1e5ff this article contains phonetic transcriptions in the international phonetic alphabet ipa for an introductory guide on ipa symbols see help ipa for the distinction between and see ipa brackets and transcription delimiters this article contains bhumij text without proper rendering support you may see question marks boxes or other symbols instead of ol onal script part of a series on writing systems in india overview official scripts of the republic of india languages of india brahmic scripts bengali assamese devanagari gujarati gurmukhi kannada malayalam meitei odia tamil telugu arabic derived scripts persian urdu alphabetical scripts ol chiki ol onal mundari bani sora sompeng latin script asia portal india portal language portal writing portal v t e the ol onal also known as bhumij lipi or bhumij onal is an alphabetic writing system for the bhumij language 1 ol onal script was created between 1981 and 1992 by ol guru mahendra nath sardar ol onal script is used to write the bhumij language in some parts of west bengal jharkhand orissa and assam 2 3 4 language edit main article bhumij language bhumij is a language of the north munda group of the austroasiatic languages spoken mainly in the indian states of jharkhand odisha and west bengal it is spoken by around 100 000 people in india 5 the language is closely related to mundari mutually intelligible with it but with many dialectal differences ho and santali history edit the bhumij community had no written language and knowledge was transmitted orally from one generation to another later researchers started to use devanagari bengali and odia scripts to document the bhumij language however bhumijs did not have their own script the ol onal script was created in between 1981 and 1992 by mahendra nath sardar for writing bhumij in india it was initially designed by sardar as a bicameral script where the lowercase letters were known as galang onal however only the capital letters called ol onal have been used for teaching and printed books sardar wrote many text books in the script using only ol onal capital letters but there s no known record of sardar s galang onal lowercase letters which are very different from the taught capitals ever being used in publications except in the script author s personal design manuscripts with various tried variants that sardar did not promote for wide use in the bhumij community the ol onal and galang onal scripts with their transcriptions structure edit ol onal is written from left to right and behaves as a regular alphabet and not like the typical abugidas used for other indic scripts the 6 basic vowels and 24 basic consonants are simply written as standalone letters and the consonants do not have any inherent vowel so there s no vowel killer or halant and no need to form complex clusters or to contextually change the letter forms in ligatures for initial or grouped vowels and final or grouped consonants the ol chiki alphabet has a similar structure there are three additional signs referred to as ṭiḍaḥ the nasalisation sign mu or mun arang a dot diacritic used above vowel letters the lengthening sign ikir or ikir arang ː a dot diacritic used only below the vowel letter a ɔ where it can occur simultaneously with the nasalisation sign mu and hoddond a special sign occurring only after the consonant letters ab b and uj ʤ to indicate glottalisation ɒ the script also includes ten decimal digits and an additional abbreviation sign a small ring above the baseline at the middle height of letters and digits letters edit ol onal consists of 30 letters including 6 basic vowels and 24 basic consonants ô ipa ɔ ôm ipa m ôṅg ipa ŋ ôṛ ipa ɽ o ipa o ôy ipa j ā ipa a āď ipa dˀ āb ipa b āḥ ipa ɦ āl ipa l āw ipa w i ipa i it ipa t ip ipa p iṭ ipa ʈ id ipa d in ipa n u ipa u uk ipa k uḍ ipa ɖ uj ipa ʤ uñ ipa ɲ ur ipa r e ipa e es ipa s eh ipa h eč ipa ʧ eṇ ipa ɳ eg ipa g numerals edit ol onal has its own set of decimal digits 0 9 that function identically to standard western numerals 0 samā 1 môj 2 bār 3 āpej 4 upun 5 môṇe 6 ture 7 eyāli 8 irāli 9 āreli 10 gele the original digit designs differed in form however when the first digital fonts were developed in 2013 these shapes were modified due to technical limitations in accurately rendering the original designs original digits designed by mahendra nath sardar in 1981 92 unicode edit main article ol onal unicode block ol onal was added to the unicode standard in september 2024 with the release of version 16 0 the unicode block for ol onal is u 1e5d0 u 1e5ff ol onal 1 2 official unicode consortium code chart pdf 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a b c d e f u 1e5dx u 1e5ex u 1e5fx notes 1 as of unicode version 18 0 2 grey areas indicate non assigned code points see also edit bhumij bhumij language references edit ol onal omniglot non scheduled indian languages resources failed verification tribals demand official status for bhumij language times of india 17 march 2016 unicode 16 0 0 core specs chapter 13 section 13 11 ol onal bhumij language and alphabet omniglot com retrieved 2022 04 19 external links edit the ol onal alphabet at omniglot unicode proposal to encode the ol onal script v t e types of writing systems overview history of writing grapheme lists writing systems undeciphered inventors constructed languages by writing system by first written accounts types abjads numerals aramaic hatran arabic elifba egyptian hieroglyphs elymaic hebrew ashuri cursive rashi solitreo tifinagh mandaic manichaean nabataean ancient north arabian paleo hebrew pahlavi book inscriptional inscriptional parthian psalter pegon phoenician pitman shorthand proto sinaitic punic samaritan south arabian zabur musnad sogdian syriac ʾesṭrangēlā serṭā maḏnḥāyā teeline shorthand ugaritic abugidas brahmic northern bengali assamese bhaiksuki brahmi script devanagari dogri gujarati gupta gurmukhi kaithi kalinga khema khojki khudabadi laṇḍā lepcha mahajani marchen meitei modi multani nagari nandinagari nepalese scripts bhujimol golmol himmol kummol kvemmol kurukh pachumol newar ranjana tamyig tirhuta limbu litumol odia karani ʼphags pa sharada siddhaṃ soyombo sylheti nagri takri tibetan uchen umê tocharian zanabazar square southern ahom balinese batak baybayin bhattiprolu buda buhid chakma cham fakkham grantha goykanadi hanunoo javanese kadamba kannada karen kawi khmer khom thai kulitan lanna langdi lao leke lontara bilang bilang makasar malayalam old maldivian dhives akuru eveyla akuru mon burmese pallava pyu saurashtra shan sinhala sukhothai sundanese old sundanese tagbanwa tai le new tai lue tai noi tai tham tai viet lai tay tamil tamil brahmi tanchangya telugu thai tigalari ulu scripts incung lampung lembak ogan pasemah rejang serawai vatteluttu kolezhuthu malayanma others bharati boyd s syllabic shorthand canadian syllabics blackfoot déné syllabics dham fox i geʽez gunjala gondi japanese braille sarati jenticha kharosthi mandombe masaram gondi meroitic miao mwangwego pahawh hmong sorang sompeng tengwar thaana thomas natural shorthand warang citi rma alphabets linear adlam ariyaka armenian avestan pazend avoiuli bassa vah carian caucasian albanian cirth coelbren coorgi cox alphabet coptic cyrillic serbian early deseret duployan shorthand chinook eclectic shorthand elbasan enochian etruscan formosan fox ii franklin s phonetic fraser gabelsberger shorthand gadabuursi garay alphabet georgian asomtavruli nuskhuri mkhedruli veso bey glagolitic gothic gregg shorthand greek archaic greco iberian alphabet hangul hanifi hurûf ı munfasıla sunuwar kaddare kayah li klingon latin beneventan blackletter carolingian minuscule fraktur gaelic insular ipa kurrent merovingian sigla sütterlin tironian notes visigothic luo lycian lydian manchu medefaidrin mru mundari bani n ko ogham ol chiki old italic old permic orkhon yenisei old hungarian old uyghur mongolian evenki galik alphabet manchu oirat vagindra ol onal osage osmanya pau cin hau phrygian pisidian runic anglo saxon cipher dalecarlian elder futhark younger futhark gothic marcomannic medieval staveless shavian sidetic sorang sompeng sunuwar tifinagh todhri tolong siki vellara visible speech vithkuqi wancho warang citi yezidi zaghawa non linear braille flag semaphore maritime flags moon type new york point fingerspelling telegraph code ideograms adinkra aztec blissymbols dongba ersu shaba emoji isotype kaidā miꞌkmaw mixtec new epoch notation painting nsibidi anishinaabewibii iganan olmec siglas poveiras testerian yerkish zapotec logograms chinese family of scripts chinese characters simplified traditional oracle bone script bronze scripts seal script large small bird worm hanja kanji chữ nôm sawndip bowen chinese influenced jurchen khitan large script sui tangut cuneiform akkadian assyrian elamite hittite luwian sumerian other logosyllabic anatolian bagam cretan isthmian maya proto elamite tenevil wiigwaasabak yi classical logoconsonantal demotic hieratic hieroglyphs numerals hindu arabic abjad attic greek muisca roman other sitelen pona semi syllabaries full linear elamite celtiberian iberian northeastern southeastern khom dunging redundant espanca script pahawh hmong khitan small script southwest paleohispanic bopomofo quốc âm tân tự sign languages aslwrite signwriting si5s stokoe notation syllabaries afaka bamum bété byblos canadian aboriginal cherokee cypriot cypro minoan ditema tsa dinoko eskayan geba great lakes algonquian iban idu kana hiragana katakana man yōgana hentaigana sōgana jindai moji kikakui kpelle linear b linear elamite lisu loma nüshu nwagu aneke script old persian cuneiform sumerian vai woleai yi yugtun v t e braille braille cell 1829 braille international uniformity ascii braille unicode braille patterns braille scripts french ordered albanian cantonese catalan chinese mainland mandarin largely reassigned czech dutch 6 dot 8 dot english unified english esperanto french german ghanaian guarani hawaiian hungarian iñupiaq ipa irish italian latvian lithuanian luxembourgish extended to 8 dot maltese māori navajo nigerian philippine polish portuguese romanian samoan slovak south african spanish taiwanese mandarin largely reassigned turkish azerbaijani vietnamese welsh yugoslav zambian nordic family estonian faroese icelandic scandinavian danish finnish greenlandic northern sámi norwegian swedish russian lineage family i e cyrillic mediated scripts belarusian bulgarian kazakh kyrgyz mongolian russian tatar ukrainian egyptian lineage family i e arabic mediated scripts arabic persian urdu pakistan indian lineage family i e bharati braille devanagari hindi marathi nepali bengali bangla assamese gujarati kannada malayalam odia punjabi sinhala tamil telugu urdu india other scripts amharic armenian burmese dzongkha bhutanese georgian greek hebrew inuktitut reassigned vowels khmer thai and lao japanese vowels tibetan reordered algerian braille obsolete frequency based american braille obsolete independent chinese semi syllabaries cantonese mainland chinese mandarin taiwanese mandarin two cell chinese shuangpin japanese korean eight dot dutch luxembourgish kanji gardner salinas braille codes gs8 symbols in braille braille music canadian currency marks computer braille code gardner salinas braille codes science gs8 gs6 international phonetic alphabet ipa nemeth braille code braille technology braille e book braille embosser braille translator braille watch mountbatten brailler optical braille recognition perforation perkins brailler refreshable braille display slate and stylus braigo people louis braille charles barbier róża czacka valentin haüy harris mowbray thakur vishva narain singh maría del carmen ortiz de arce sabriye tenberken william bell wait organisations braille institute of america braille without borders japan braille library national braille association blindness organizations schools for the blind american printing house for the blind other tactile alphabets decapoint moon type new york point night writing vibratese related topics accessible publishing braille literacy robobraille this article about an alphabet or related topic is a stub you can help wikipedia by adding missing information v t e this austroasiatic language related article is a stub you can help wikipedia by adding missing information v t e retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title ol_onal oldid 1367239635 categories alphabets munda scripts constructed scripts writing systems writing systems of asia bhumij language bhumij writing systems introduced in the 1980s alphabet stubs austroasiatic language stubs hidden 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