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Text of the page (random words):
old permic script wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 history 2 significance 3 characters 4 unicode 5 references 6 external links toggle the table of contents old permic script 31 languages afrikaans azərbaycanca brezhoneg čeština deutsch dolnoserbski eesti suomi français furlan hornjoserbsce magyar bahasa indonesia medžuslovjansky italiano 日本語 한국어 перем коми коми latina lietuvių latviešu македонски nederlands polski русский svenska ไทย українська volapük 中文 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia alphabet used to write komi this article contains uncommon unicode characters without proper rendering support you may see question marks boxes or other symbols instead of the intended characters old permic abur 𐍐𐍝𐍑𐍣 𐍠 1 komi zyryan alphabet created by stephen of perm the alphabet is transposed with the names in cyrillic and the modern komi alphabet script type alphabet period 1372 17th century direction left to right languages komi related scripts parent systems phoenician greek cyrillic old permic abur sister systems armenian script iso 15924 iso 15924 perm 227 old permic unicode unicode alias old permic unicode range u 10350 u 1037f final accepted script proposal you may need rendering support to display the uncommon unicode characters in this article correctly the old permic script komi важ перым гижӧм 𐍮𐍐𐍕 𐍟𐍔𐍠𐍨𐍜 𐍒𐍙𐍕𐍩𐍜 važ perym gižöm sometimes known by its initial two characters as abur or anbur is a highly idiosyncratic adaptation 2 of the cyrillic script once used to write medieval komi a member of the permic branch of finno ugric languages 1 history edit the script was introduced by a russian missionary stephen of perm in 1372 the name abur is derived from the names of the first two characters an and bur the script derived from cyrillic and greek with komi rödvužpas tamga signs the latter being similar in the appearance to runes or siglas poveiras because they were created by incisions rather than by usual writing the inclusion of the latter aided the script to greater acceptance among the medieval permic speakers of the time the script was in use until the 17th century when it was superseded by the cyrillic script abur was also used as cryptographic writing for the russian language april 26 which is the feast day of stephen of perm is celebrated as old permic alphabet day significance edit wikipedia logo in old permic and cyrillic script the abur inscriptions are among the oldest relics of the uralic languages only one of them has earlier documents hungarian which had been written using the old hungarian script first before the latin script was used after 1000 for comparison an isolated birch bark letter found in novgorod and written in cyrillic in a finnic language has been dated to the beginning of the 13th century and finnish as a written language appeared only after the reformation in 1543 characters edit lytkin s 1952 work is often considered the authoritative source of documentation for this script 3 there are 24 primary characters along with 10 secondary characters that are subordinate to the primary characters there are also some combining marks that may have been used for phonological purposes in addition to some combining letters from latin and cyrillic that have been found as well spaces middle dots and semi apostrophes have also been seen as punctuation in documents a cyrillic combining titlo is used to indicate numerals unicode edit see also old permic unicode block old permic u 10350 1037f was added to the unicode standard in june 2014 with the release of version 7 0 old permic 1 2 official unicode consortium code chart pdf 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a b c d e f u 1035x 𐍐 𐍑 𐍒 𐍓 𐍔 𐍕 𐍖 𐍗 𐍘 𐍙 𐍚 𐍛 𐍜 𐍝 𐍞 𐍟 u 1036x 𐍠 𐍡 𐍢 𐍣 𐍤 𐍥 𐍦 𐍧 𐍨 𐍩 𐍪 𐍫 𐍬 𐍭 𐍮 𐍯 u 1037x 𐍰 𐍱 𐍲 𐍳 𐍴 𐍵 𐍶 𐍷 𐍸 𐍹 𐍺 notes 1 as of unicode version 17 0 2 grey areas indicate non assigned code points references edit 1 2 everson michael 2012 04 26 n4263 revised proposal for encoding the old permic script in the smp of the ucs pdf working group document iso iec jtc1 sc2 wg2 bernard comrie 1996 adaptations of the cyrillic alphabet in daniels bright the world s writing systems p 700 лыткин в и 1952 древнепермский язык чтение текстов грамматика словарь москва external links edit abur at minority languages of russia on the net in russian abur omniglot com v t e types of writing systems overview history of writing grapheme lists writing systems undeciphered inventors constructed languages by writing system by first written accounts types abjads numerals aramaic hatran arabic elifba egyptian hieroglyphs elymaic hebrew ashuri cursive rashi solitreo tifinagh mandaic manichaean nabataean ancient north arabian paleo hebrew pahlavi book inscriptional inscriptional parthian psalter pegon phoenician pitman shorthand proto sinaitic punic samaritan south arabian zabur musnad sogdian syriac ʾesṭrangēlā serṭā maḏnḥāyā teeline shorthand ugaritic abugidas brahmic northern bengali assamese bhaiksuki brahmi script devanagari dogri gujarati gupta gurmukhi kaithi kalinga khema khojki khudabadi laṇḍā lepcha mahajani marchen meitei modi multani nagari nandinagari nepalese scripts bhujimol golmol himmol kummol kvemmol kurukh pachumol newar ranjana tamyig tirhuta limbu litumol odia karani ʼphags pa sharada siddhaṃ soyombo sylheti nagri takri tibetan uchen umê tocharian zanabazar square southern ahom balinese batak baybayin bhattiprolu buda buhid chakma cham fakkham grantha goykanadi hanunoo javanese kadamba kannada karen kawi khmer khom thai kulitan lanna langdi lao leke lontara bilang bilang makasar malayalam old maldivian dhives akuru eveyla akuru mon burmese pallava pyu saurashtra shan sinhala sukhothai sundanese old sundanese tagbanwa tai le new tai lue tai noi tai tham tai viet lai tay tamil tamil brahmi tanchangya telugu thai tigalari ulu scripts incung lampung lembak ogan pasemah rejang serawai vatteluttu kolezhuthu malayanma others bharati boyd s syllabic shorthand canadian syllabics blackfoot déné syllabics dham fox i geʽez gunjala gondi japanese braille sarati jenticha kharosthi mandombe masaram gondi meroitic miao mwangwego pahawh hmong sorang sompeng tengwar thaana thomas natural shorthand warang citi rma alphabets linear adlam ariyaka armenian avestan pazend avoiuli bassa vah carian caucasian albanian cirth coelbren coorgi cox alphabet coptic cyrillic serbian early deseret duployan shorthand chinook eclectic shorthand elbasan enochian etruscan formosan fox ii franklin s phonetic fraser gabelsberger shorthand gadabuursi garay alphabet georgian asomtavruli nuskhuri mkhedruli veso bey glagolitic gothic gregg shorthand greek archaic greco iberian alphabet hangul hanifi hurûf ı munfasıla sunuwar kaddare kayah li klingon latin beneventan blackletter carolingian minuscule fraktur gaelic insular ipa kurrent merovingian sigla sütterlin tironian notes visigothic luo lycian lydian manchu medefaidrin mru mundari bani n ko ogham ol chiki old italic old permic orkhon yenisei old hungarian old uyghur mongolian evenki galik alphabet manchu oirat vagindra ol onal osage osmanya pau cin hau phrygian pisidian runic anglo saxon cipher dalecarlian elder futhark younger futhark gothic marcomannic medieval staveless shavian sidetic sorang sompeng sunuwar tifinagh todhri tolong siki vellara visible speech vithkuqi wancho warang citi yezidi zaghawa non linear braille flag semaphore maritime flags moon type new york point fingerspelling telegraph code ideograms adinkra aztec blissymbols dongba ersu shaba emoji isotype kaidā miꞌkmaw mixtec new epoch notation painting nsibidi anishinaabewibii iganan olmec siglas poveiras testerian yerkish zapotec logograms chinese family of scripts chinese characters simplified traditional oracle bone script bronze scripts seal script large small bird worm hanja kanji chữ nôm sawndip bowen chinese influenced jurchen khitan large script sui tangut cuneiform akkadian assyrian elamite hittite luwian sumerian other logosyllabic anatolian bagam cretan isthmian maya proto elamite tenevil wiigwaasabak yi classical logoconsonantal demotic hieratic hieroglyphs numerals hindu arabic abjad attic greek muisca roman other sitelen pona semi syllabaries full linear elamite celtiberian iberian northeastern southeastern khom dunging redundant espanca script pahawh hmong khitan small script southwest paleohispanic bopomofo quốc âm tân tự sign languages aslwrite signwriting si5s stokoe notation syllabaries afaka bamum bété byblos canadian aboriginal cherokee cypriot cypro minoan ditema tsa dinoko eskayan geba great lakes algonquian iban idu kana hiragana katakana man yōgana hentaigana sōgana jindai moji kikakui kpelle linear b linear elamite lisu loma nüshu nwagu aneke script old persian cuneiform sumerian vai woleai yi yugtun v t e braille braille cell 1829 braille international uniformity ascii braille unicode braille patterns braille scripts french ordered albanian cantonese catalan chinese mainland mandarin largely reassigned czech dutch 6 dot 8 dot english unified english esperanto french german ghanaian guarani hawaiian hungarian iñupiaq ipa irish italian latvian lithuanian luxembourgish extended to 8 dot maltese māori navajo nigerian philippine polish portuguese romanian samoan slovak south african spanish taiwanese mandarin largely reassigned turkish azerbaijani vietnamese welsh yugoslav zambian nordic family estonian faroese icelandic scandinavian danish finnish greenlandic northern sámi norwegian swedish russian lineage family i e cyrillic mediated scripts belarusian bulgarian kazakh kyrgyz mongolian russian tatar ukrainian egyptian lineage family i e arabic mediated scripts arabic persian urdu pakistan indian lineage family i e bharati braille devanagari hindi marathi nepali bengali bangla assamese gujarati kannada malayalam odia punjabi sinhala tamil telugu urdu india other scripts amharic armenian burmese dzongkha bhutanese georgian greek hebrew inuktitut reassigned vowels khmer thai and lao japanese vowels tibetan reordered algerian braille obsolete frequency based american braille obsolete independent chinese semi syllabaries cantonese mainland chinese mandarin taiwanese mandarin two cell chinese shuangpin japanese korean eight dot dutch luxembourgish kanji gardner salinas braille codes gs8 symbols in braille braille music canadian currency marks computer braille code gardner salinas braille codes science gs8 gs6 international phonetic alphabet ipa nemeth braille code braille technology braille e book braille embosser braille translator braille watch mountbatten brailler optical braille recognition perforation perkins brailler refreshable braille display slate and stylus braigo people louis braille charles barbier róża czacka valentin haüy harris mowbray thakur vishva narain singh maría del carmen ortiz de arce sabriye tenberken william bell wait organisations braille institute of america braille without borders japan braille library national braille association blindness organizations schools for the blind american printing house for the blind other tactile alphabets decapoint moon type new york point night writing vibratese related topics accessible publishing braille literacy robobraille retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title old_permic_script oldid 1329784766 categories alphabets 14th century introductions obsolete writing systems komi alphabet writing systems introduced in the 2nd millennium 1372 in europe hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata scripts with iso 15924 four letter codes articles containing komi language text cs1 russian language sources ru this page was last edited on 28 december 2025 at 00 04 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search toggle the table of contents old permic script 31 languages add topic