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nitarian law 2010 vol 13 p 429 doi 10 1007 978 90 6704 811 8_14 isbn 978 90 6704 811 8 schäfer peter 2003 the history of the jews in the greco roman world psychology press isbn 978 0 415 30585 3 schiller jon 2009 internet view of the arabic world publishamerica isbn 978 1 4392 6326 6 schlor joachim 1999 tel aviv from dream to city reaktion books isbn 978 1 86189 033 7 schmelz uziel o 1990 population characteristics of jerusalem and hebron regions according to ottoman census of 1905 in gilbar gar g ed ottoman palestine 1800 1914 leiden brill isbn 978 90 04 07785 0 scholch alexander 1985 the demographic development of palestine 1850 1882 international journal of middle east studies xii 4 485 505 doi 10 1017 s0020743800029445 jstor 00207438 s2cid 154921401 schrader eberhard 1878 keilinschriften und geschichtsforschung kgf in english cuneiform inscriptions and historical research in german j ricker sche buchhandlung via internet archive schwartz seth 2016 the impact of the jewish rebellions 66 135 ce destruction or provincialization in collins john j manning j g eds revolt and resistance in the ancient classical world and the near east culture and history of the ancient near east vol 85 brill pp 234 252 doi 10 1163 9789004330184_016 isbn 978 90 04 33018 4 scobbie iain 2012 wilmshurst elizabeth ed international law and the classification of conflicts oxford university press p 295 isbn 978 0 19 965775 9 segev tom 2001 original in 2000 nebi musa 1920 one palestine complete jews and arabs under the british mandate trans haim watzman london henry holt and company isbn 978 0 8050 6587 9 setton kenneth ed 1969 a history of the crusades university of wisconsin press in six volumes the first hundred years 2nd ed 1969 the later crusades 1189 1311 1969 the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries 1975 the art and architecture of the crusader states 1977 the impact of the crusades on the near east 1985 the impact of the crusades on europe 1989 shahin mariam 2005 palestine a guide interlink books isbn 978 1 56656 557 8 shapira anita 2014 israel a history translated from hebrew by anthony berris london weidenfeld and nicolson p 15 isbn 978 1 61168 352 3 sharon moshe 1988 the holy land in history and thought papers submitted to the international conference on the relations between the holy land and the world outside it johannesburg 1986 brill archive isbn 978 90 04 08855 9 shiloh yigal 1980 the population of iron age palestine in the light of a sample analysis of urban plans areas and population density bulletin of the american schools of oriental research 239 239 25 35 doi 10 2307 1356754 jstor 1356754 s2cid 163824693 sicker martin 1999 reshaping palestine from muhammad ali to the british mandate 1831 1922 new york praeger greenwood isbn 978 0 275 96639 3 silverburg sanford r 2009 diplomatic recognition of states in statu nascendi the case of palestine in silverburg sanford r ed palestine and international law essays on politics and economics diplomatic recognition of states isbn 978 0 7864 4248 5 sivan hagith 2008 palestine in late antiquity oxford university press p 2 isbn 978 0 19 160867 4 smith morton 1999 the gentiles in judaism cambridge history of judaism vol 3 cup p 210 isbn 978 0 521 24377 3 state of palestine name change shows limitations ap 17 january 2013 archived from the original on 10 january 2013 israel remains in charge of territories the world says should one day make up that state tamari salim 2011 shifting ottoman conceptions of palestine part 1 filistin risalesi and the two jamals pdf jerusalem quarterly 49 28 37 doi 10 70190 jq i47 p28 taylor joan e 15 november 2012 the essenes the scrolls and the dead sea oxford university press isbn 978 0 19 955448 5 up until this date the bar kokhba documents indicate that towns villages and ports where jews lived were busy with industry and activity afterwards there is an eerie silence and the archaeological record testifies to little jewish presence until the byzantine era in en gedi this picture coheres with what we have already determined in part i of this study that the crucial date for what can only be described as genocide and the devastation of jews and judaism within central judea was 135 ce and not as usually assumed 70 ce despite the siege of jerusalem and the temple s destruction temple of jerusalem description history significance britannica retrieved 28 february 2022 tessler mark 1994 a history of the israeli palestinian conflict indiana university press isbn 978 0 253 20873 6 tucker spencer c roberts priscilla eds 2008 the encyclopedia of the arab israeli conflict a political social and military history abc clio p 1553 isbn 978 1 85109 842 2 un news centre 2012 lack of sufficient services in gaza could get worse without urgent action un warns un publications retrieved 22 january 2013 vermes géza 2014 the true herod bloomsbury isbn 978 0 567 48841 1 walmsley alan 2000 production exchange and regional trade in the islamic wast mediterranean old structures new systems in hansen inge lyse wickham chris eds the long eighth century production distribution and demand brill isbn 978 90 04 11723 5 weill sharon 2014 the role of national courts in applying international humanitarian law oxford university press p 22 isbn 978 0 19 968542 4 wenning robert 2007 the nabataeans in history before ad 106 in politis konstantinos d ed the world of the nabataeans volume 2 of the international conference the world of the herods and the nabataeans held at the british museum 17 19 april 2001 oriens et occidens wiesbaden franz steiner verlag isbn 978 3 515 08816 9 whitelam keith w 1996 the invention of ancient israel the silencing of palestinian history routledge isbn 978 1 317 79916 0 yazbak mahmoud 1998 haifa in the late ottoman period a muslim town in transition 1864 1914 brill academic pub isbn 978 90 04 11051 9 zeevi dror 1996 an ottoman century the district of jerusalem in the 1600s suny press isbn 978 0 7914 2915 0 external links palestine region at wikipedia s sister projects definitions from wiktionary media from commons quotations from wikiquote texts from wikisource textbooks from wikibooks resources from wikiversity palestinian territories travel guide from wikivoyage v t e palestinian nationalism and the occupied palestinian territory palestine british mandate borders state of palestine palestinian authority name timeline of the name palestine history time periods demographics nakba israeli palestinian conflict palestinians culture refugees diaspora right of return political status history palestine liberation organization green line palestinian territories west bank enclaves gaza strip east jerusalem status of jerusalem jerusalem governorate oslo accords oslo ii accord politics cities pna administered governorates foreign relations law legislative council political parties fatah hamas v t e palestine region articles history name history of palestine jewish christian muslim timeline periods geographic definition demographics historical maps historical literature abrahamic holy places cave of the patriarchs joseph s tomb rachel s tomb lot s tomb christianity church of the holy sepulchre church of the nativity basilica of the annunciation islam dome of the rock al aqsa mosque great mosque of gaza judaism four holy cities western wall regimes canaanite tribes new kingdom of egypt ancient israel and judah phoenicia philistia neo assyrian empire neo babylonian empire persian empire yehud hellenistic greece hasmonean dynasty roman empire herodian dynasty kingdom tetrarchy roman judaea syria palaestina byzantine empire palaestina prima palaestina secunda caliphates rashidun umayyad abbasid fatimid crusaders seljuk empire ayyubids the mamluk ottoman empire british empire state of israel egyptian rule of gaza jordanian rule of west bank palestinian territories palestinian national authority gaza strip state of palestine israeli occupied territories category portal v t e characters and names mentioned in the quran characters allāh the god names of allah found in the quran such as karīm generous malāʾikah angels angels of hell mālik zabāniyah bearers of the throne harut and marut jundallah kirāman kātibīn honourable scribes raqib atid muqarrabun jibrīl gabriel chief ar rūḥ the spirit ar rūḥ al amīn the trustworthy spirit ar rūḥ al qudus the holy spirit angel of the trumpet isrāfīl or raphael malakul mawt angel of death azrael mīkāil michael prophets ādam adam al yasa ʿ elisha ayyūb job dāwūd david dhū l kifl ezekiel hārūn aaron hūd eber idrīs enoch ilyās elijah ʿimrān joachim the father of maryam isḥāq isaac ismāʿīl ishmael dhabih ullah lūṭ lot ṣāliḥ shuʿayb jethro reuel or hobab sulaymān ibn dāwūd solomon son of david yaḥyā ibn zakariyyā john the baptist the son of zechariah yaʿqūb jacob isrāʾīl israel yūnus jonah dhū n nūn he of the fish or whale or owner of the fish or whale ṣāḥib al ḥūt companion of the whale yūsuf ibn yaʿqūb joseph son of jacob zakariyyā zechariah ulul ʿazm those of the perseverance and strong will muḥammad aḥmad other names and titles of muhammad ʿīsā jesus al masīḥ the messiah ibn maryam son of mary mūsā kalīmullāh moses he who spoke to god ibrāhīm khalīlullāh abraham friend of god nūḥ noah debatable ones ʿuzayr ezra dhū l qarnayn luqmān maryam mary ṭālūt saul or gideon implied irmiyā jeremiah ṣamūʾīl samuel yūshaʿ ibn nūn joshua companion and successor of moses people of prophets good ones adam s immediate relatives martyred son wife believer of ya sin family of noah father lamech mother shamkhah bint anush or betenos luqman s son people of abraham mother abiona or amtelai the daughter of karnebo ishmael s mother isaac s mother people of jesus disciples including peter mary s mother zechariah s wife people of solomon mother queen of sheba vizier zayd muhammad s adopted son people of joseph brothers including binyāmin benjamin and simeon egyptians ʿazīz potiphar qatafir or qittin malik king ar rayyān ibn al walīd wife of ʿazīz zulaykhah mother people of aaron and moses egyptians believer hizbil or hizqil ibn sabura imraʾat firʿawn āsiyá bint muzāḥim the wife of pharaoh who adopted moses magicians of the pharaoh wise pious man moses wife moses sister in law mother sister evil ones āzar possibly terah firʿawn pharaoh of moses time hāmān jālūt goliath qārūn korah cousin of moses as sāmirī abū lahab slayers of ṣāliḥ s she camel qaddar ibn salif and musda ibn dahr implied or not specified abraha abu bakr bal am balaam barṣīṣā caleb or kaleb the companion of joshua luqman s son nebuchadnezzar ii nimrod rahmah the wife of ayyub shaddad animals related the baqara cow of israelites the dhiʾb wolf that jacob feared could attack joseph the fīl elephant of the abyssinians ḥimār domesticated donkey the hud hud hoopoe of solomon the kalb dog of the sleepers of the cave the namlah female ant of solomon the nūn fish or whale of jonah the nāqat she camel of ṣāliḥ non related ʿankabūt female spider dābbat al arḍ beast of the earth ḥimār wild ass naḥl honey bee qaswarah lion beast of prey or hunter spirits jinn genies jann ʿifrīt sakhr asmodeus qarīn shayāṭīn demons iblīs ash shayṭān the chief devil mārid rebellious one others ghilmān or wildān ḥūr groups mentioned aṣḥāb al jannah people of paradise people of the burnt garden aṣḥāb as sabt companions of the sabbath jesus apostles ḥawāriyyūn disciples of jesus companions of noah s ark aṣḥāb al kahf war raqīm companions of the cave and al raqaim companions of the elephant people of al ukhdūd people of a township in surah ya sin people of yathrib or medina qawm lūṭ people of sodom and gomorrah nation of noah tribes ethnicities or families ajam ar rūm literally the romans banī isrāʾīl children of israel muʾtafikāt sodom and gomorrah people of ibrahim people of ilyas people of nuh people of shuaib ahl madyan people of madyan aṣḥāb al aykah companions of the wood qawm yūnus people of jonah ya juj and ma juj gog and magog people of fir aun current ummah of islam ummah of muhammad aṣḥāb muḥammad companions of muhammad anṣār literally helpers muhajirun emigrants from mecca to medina people of mecca wife of abu lahab children of ayyub sons of adam wife of nuh wife of lut yaʾjūj wa maʾjūj gog and magog son of nuh aʿrāb arabs or bedouins ʿād people of hud companions of the rass qawm tubbaʿ people of tubba people of sabaʾ or sheba quraysh thamūd people of ṣāliḥ aṣḥāb al ḥijr companions of the stoneland ahl al bayt people of the household household of abraham brothers of yūsuf lot s daughters progeny of imran household of moses household of muhammad ibn abdullah ibn abdul muttalib ibn hashim daughters of muhammad muhammad s wives household of salih implicitly mentioned amalek ahl as suffa people of the verandah banu nadir banu qaynuqa banu qurayza iranian people umayyad dynasty aus and khazraj people of quba religious groups ahl al dhimmah kāfirūn disbelievers majūs zoroastrians munāfiqūn hypocrites muslims believers ahl al kitāb people of the book naṣārā christian s or people of the injil ruhban christian monks qissis christian priest yahūd jews ahbār jewish scholars rabbani rabbi sabians polytheists meccan polytheists at the time of muhammad mesopotamian polytheists at the time of abraham and lot locations mentioned al arḍ al muqaddasah the holy land blessed land al jannah paradise literally the garden jahannam hell door of hittah madyan midian majmaʿ al baḥrayn miṣr mainland egypt salsabīl a river in paradise in the arabian peninsula excluding madyan al aḥqāf the sandy plains or the wind curved sand hills iram dhāt al ʿimād iram of the pillars al madīnah formerly yathrib ʿarafāt and al mashʿar al ḥarām muzdalifah al ḥijr hegra badr ḥunayn makkah mecca bakkah ḥaraman āminan sanctuary which is secure kaʿbah kaaba maqām ibrāhīm station of abraham safa and marwa sabaʾ sheba ʿarim sabaʾ dam of sheba rass sinai region or tīh desert al wād al muqaddas ṭuwan the holy valley of tuwa al wādil ayman the valley on the righthand side of the valley of tuwa and mount sinai al buqʿah al mubārakah the blessed place mount sinai or mount tabor in mesopotamia al jūdiyy munzalanm mubārakan place of landing blessed bābil babylon qaryat yūnus township of jonah that is nineveh religious locations bayʿa church miḥrāb monastery masjid mosque literally place of prostration al mashʿar al ḥarām the sacred grove al masjid al aqṣā al aqsa literally the farthest place of prostration al masjid al ḥarām the sacred mosque of mecca masjid al dirar a mosque in the area of medina possibly masjid qubāʾ quba mosque the prophet s mosque salat synagogue implied antioch antakya arabia al ḥijāz literally the barrier al ḥajar al aswad black stone al hijr of isma il cave of hira ghār ath thawr cave of the bull hudaybiyyah ta if ayla barrier of dhu l qarnayn bayt al muqaddas ariha bilād ar rāfidayn mesopotamia canaan cave of seven sleepers dār an nadwa jordan river nile river palestine river paradise of shaddad events incidents occasions or times incident of ifk laylat al qadr night of d...