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panathenaic amphora wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 references 2 sources 3 external links toggle the table of contents panathenaic amphora 15 languages català deutsch ελληνικά español euskara suomi français עברית italiano nederlands norsk bokmål polski português русский українська edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia special shape of attic amphoras athena on a panathenic amphora national archaeological museum of athens panathenaic amphorae were the amphorae large ceramic vessels that contained the olive oil given as a prize in the panathenaic games some were ten imperial gallons 12 us gal 45 l and 60 70 cm 24 28 in high this oil came from the sacred grove of athena at akademia the amphorae which held it had the distinctive form of tight handles narrow neck and feet and they were decorated with consistent symbols in a standard form using the black figure technique and continued to be so long after the black figure style had fallen out of fashion some panathenaic amphorae depicted athena promachos goddess of war advancing between columns brandishing a spear and wearing the aegis and next to her the inscription τῶν ἀθήνηθεν ἄθλων one of the prizes from athens on the back of the vase was a representation of the event for which it was an award sometimes roosters are depicted perched on top of the columns the significance of the roosters remains a mystery later amphorae also had that year s archon s name written on it making finds of those vases archaeologically important the vases were commissioned by the state from the leading pottery workshops of the day in large numbers their canonical shape was set by 530 bc but the earliest known example is the burgon vase british museum b130 which depicts athena s owl nestling on the neck of the vase and on the reverse is a synoris team this may mean that the vase predates the festival s reorganization in 566 since it is not an athletic event the cock column is first seen on a panathenaic by exekias karlsruhe 65 45 by the early fourth century the inclusion of the archon s name appears on these vases the earliest almost intact one being asteios 373 2 bc oxford 1911 257 there is a fragment that bears the name hippodamas of 375 4 bc however which may also be a panathenaic and beazley suggests there may be a preceding one pythokles of 392 1 1 as the century progressed the profile of the vases became elongated and the decoration more mannered the last known dated vase is from 312 11 although production continues into the third and second centuries the archons are no longer named instead the treasurers and stewards of the games are recorded in their place some vases were used as grave goods by the families of the victors some were dedicated to sanctuaries and still others sold 2 hence their wide distribution in the greek world the survival rate of greek pottery as a whole may be calculated from the remnant of panathenaic amphorae that exist after approximately 350 bc at least 1 450 vases were awarded every four years in the greater panathenaia assuming the number of events was consistent throughout the history of the games and that all prizes were in the form of decorated amphora dividing the number of unique vases known by the total production run gives the figure of between 0 5 and 1 of all greek vases awarded are still extant 3 the burgon vase ca 565 bc bm london runners ca 500 bc musical competition pseudo panathenaic amphora 500 485 bc poseidon and athena miniature example early fourth century bc detail of an apobates race 340 339 bc references edit beazley j d 1986 development of attic black figure p 89 the public record of the goods sold off by the state after alcibiades s disgrace has been partially preserved ig i 3 422 21 41 60 includes mention of 102 panathenaics broadman abfv p 170 suggests these sold for on average half a drachma each see also aw johnston trade marks on greek vases 1979 r m cook s die bedeutung der bemalten keramik fur den griechischen handel jdi lxxiv i959 ii4 23 see also philip sapirstein painters potters and the scale of the attic vase painting industry aja 117 no4 pp 493 510 sources edit boardman john 1974 athenian black figure vases london cite book cs1 maint location missing publisher link neils jenifer 1992 goddess and polis the panathenaic festival in ancient athens hood museum of art and art and princeton university press martin bentz de panathenäische preisamphoren eine athenische vasengattung und ihre funktion vom 6 4 jahrhundert v chr basel vereinigung der freunde antiker kunst 1998 antike kunst beihefte 18 isbn 3 909064 18 3 martin bentz norbert eschbach hrsg panathenaïka symposion zu den panathenäischen preisamphoren rauischholzhausen 25 11 29 11 1998 mainz zabern 2001 isbn 3 8053 2708 0 sterling adolph callisen the iconography of the cock on the column the art bulletin vol 21 no 2 jun 1939 pp 160 178 external links edit media related to panathenaic amphoras at wikimedia commons v t e greek amphorae neck amphorae amphora of hermonax in würzburg horsehead amphora judgement of paris amphora neck amphora by exekias berlin f 1720 nikosthenic amphora nolan amphora tyrrhenian amphora belly amphorae belly amphora by the andokides painter munich 2301 two handled amphora boston 63 1515 melian pithamphora horses amphora rider amphora panathenaic amphorae burgon vase euphiletos amphora https kerameikos org id panathenaic_amphora retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title panathenaic_amphora oldid 1374911989 categories panathenaic amphorae sports trophies and awards panathenaic games ancient greek athletic art hidden categories articles with short description short description matches wikidata articles containing ancient greek to 1453 language text cs1 maint location missing publisher commons category link from wikidata this page was last edited on 14 september 2026 at 20 14 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts 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