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unda தமிழ் తెలుగు українська 中文 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia king of kuru parikshit kauravya raja vishvajanina 18th century illustration of sage shuka and king parikshit king of kuru reign c 1376 c 1316 bce puranic chronology c 1358 c 1298 bce buddhist chronology 1 predecessor yudhishthira note 1 successor janamejaya born c 1412 bce puranic chronology c 1394 bce buddhist chronology spouse madravati issue janamejaya house kuru dynasty chandravamsh father abhimanyu mother uttarā parīkṣit sanskrit परीक्षित् iast parīkṣit note 2 was a kuru king who reigned during the middle vedic period 12th 9th centuries bce 2 along with his son and successor janamejaya he played a decisive role in the consolidation of the kuru state the arrangement of vedic hymns into collections and the development of the orthodox srauta ritual transforming the kuru realm into the dominant political and cultural center of northern iron age india 3 he also appears as a figure in later legends and traditions according to the legendary accounts in mahabharata and the puranas he succeeded his granduncle yudhishthira to the throne of hastinapur note 3 introduction edit parikesit in the javanese wayang kulit shadow theatre listen to the good praise of the king belonging to all people who like a god is above men listen to the praise of parikṣit parikṣit has just now made us peaceful dwelling darkness has just now run to its dwelling the kuru householder preparing grains for milling speaks thus with his wife what shall i bring you sour milk the mantha a barley milk drink the wife keeps asking in the realm of king pariksit by itself the ripe barley bends heavily iva over the deep track of the path the dynasty thrives auspiciously in the realm of king parikṣit 8 9 parikshit is eulogised in a hymn of the atharvaveda xx 127 7 10 as a great kuru king kauravya whose realm flowed with milk and honey and people lived happily in his kingdom he is mentioned as the raja vishvajanina universal king 10 according to the mahabharata parikshit married princess madravati of the madra kingdom reigned for 60 years and died it is believed that his son janamejaya succeeded the throne 11 historicity edit only one parikshit is mentioned in vedic literature however post vedic literature mahabharata and puranas seems to indicate the existence of two kings by this name one who lived before the kurukshetra war an ancestor to the pandavas and one who lived later as a descendant of the pandavas historian h c raychaudhuri believes that the second parikshit s description better corresponds to the vedic king whereas the information available about the first is scanty and inconsistent but raychaudhuri questions whether there were actually two distinct kings he suggests that the doubling was eventually invented by genealogists to account for anachronisms in the later parts of the mahabharata as a bardic duplication of the same original individual regarding whose exact place in the kuru genealogy no unanimous tradition had survived and therefore there is an intrusion into the genealogical texts of the late post vedic tradition which also has two of parikshit s son janamejaya 12 note 4 kuru and other kingdoms of the vedic period michael witzel notes parikṣhit to be an early kuru king he dates the pārikṣita dynasty to c 1200 1100 bc the late rig vedic period 13 in contrast h c raychaudhuri had dated him to ninth century bc 14 witzel deems parikṣhit along with other kings of the dynasty to be primarily responsible for the collation of diverse strands of material into singular national collections rig veda samhita samveda samhitas and khilani 15 family edit king parikshit hunting parikshit was crowned by yudhisthira parikshit is the son of abhimanyu and uttara and grandson of arjuna 16 17 according to the shatapatha brahmana xiii 5 4 parikshita had four sons janamejaya bhimasena ugrasena and śrutasena all of them performed the asvamedha yajna 18 his bodily existence ended due to the curse of the sage shringi who used the nāga king takshaka the ruler of taxila as the instrument of death 19 parikshit was the husband of queen madravati and was succeeded by his son janamejaya 20 according to the mahabharata he ruled for 60 years and died 21 legends edit sage shukdeva narrating the story of krishna to parikshit parikshit is believed to be a reincarnation of satya yuga the personified first yuga in hindu scriptures the bhagavata purana 1 8 9 states that the son of drona ashwatthama had prepared a brahmastra a powerful weapon summoned to brahma to kill the pandavas heir king parikshit while he was in his mother s uttarā womb as a revenge against the pandavas for killing his relatives and friends in particular his father drona and friend duryodhan in the kurukshetra war uttarā was terrified by the powerful rays of the weapon and worried about her child her mother in law subhadra prayed to krishna who was also her brother for help to save their heir krishna pacified her and protected the child in the womb from the deadly weapon and thus saved his life parikshit was thus born to uttara he was named vişņurāta because lord vishnu had given him to the pandavas when their race was about to become extinct later he was crowned heir to the pandavas at hastinapura 22 after his coronation he performed three sacrifices while performing the sacrifices he traveled throughout the country once he saw a man beating a one legged bull with a rod and kicking a cow he became angry at this sight and arrested the man parikshit was about to kill him when the man revealed his true identity as kali kali begged forgiveness from parikshit who forgave him but ordered him to leave the kingdom kali obeyed this order and left parikshit s kingdom satisfied the cow revealed herself as the prithvi who was grief stricken for krishna had returned to his abode vaikuntha and had left earth the bull was dharma whose other three legs were mutilated and he now only stood one leg in the kali yuga 23 death edit death of parikshit and kashyapa alive burnt tree from razmnama once while hunting king parikshit encountered kali purush who asked him for a new shelter other than his places of gambling prostitution vice and immoral relationship king parikshit allowed him to reside in gold though he asked him to reside in illicitly obtained gold the crown of king happened to be of illicitly obtained gold the crown originally belonged to jarasandha was taken by bhima after killing him and wasn t returned to jarasandha s successors eventually kali purush entered king s mind as the king crossed paths he saw sage shamika meditating and asked him the whereabouts of a deer which he was hunting but the sage did not respond as he was meditating angry at this parikshit tossed a dead snake around the sage s neck due to the ill effects of kali purush in his mind the sage had a son named shringi not to be confused with shringi in ramayan who heard this incident from another sage s son named krisa he became furious as he didn t know the deceit played by kali purush he cursed parikshit to die of a snakebite in seven days for disrespecting his father rishi shamika citation needed when shamika learned of the curse his son had given he was disappointed shamika ordered his disciple gaurmukha to go to parikshit and tell him everything about his death when parikshit heard about the curse he accepted his fate but the ministers created a mansion that would stand on a solitary column and remain well guarded citation needed kashyapa a sage who knew how to cure snakebites was coming for the king but takshaka changed the mind of the sage by offering him more wealth takshaka came to the king in form of a worm in fruits and bit parikshit which instantly led to his death 24 the death of parikshit is also recorded by another episode when the pandavas conquered khandavaprastha now known as indraprastha takshaka is the head of snakes who was residing in nagaloka without any human disturbance when the pandavas arrived takshaka felt his freedom is seized with pure anger he ordered his troops to attack the pandavas and their subjects the widespread attack resulted in the death of many people or everyone except the pandavas and their wife draupadi after this incident arjuna the third pandava lifted his bow and set fire to the nagaloka takshaka grew even more furious and vowed to kill one of the lineages of the pandavas the vow of takshaka and the curse of rishi shamika s son shringi gave the ultimate destiny of parikshit that he will be killed by a snakebite on hearing of his father s death by takshaka parikshit s son janamejaya vowed to kill takshaka within a week he starts the sarpasatra a yagna which forced each and every snake in the universe to fall in the havan kund however indra tries to save takshaka from getting pulled in sacrifice the sages who perform sacrifice start chanting indraay swaahaa takshakaay cha swaahaa due to this even indra starts getting pulled in the sacrifice later this yagna sacrifice was stopped from doing so by astika muni who is the son of manasa devi thus takshaka was spared and janamejaya stops his sarpasatra that day was shukla paksha panchami in the month of shravana and is since celebrated as the festival of naga panchami 25 succession edit parikshit was succeeded by his son janamejaya 26 see also edit wikimedia commons has media related to parīkṣit kuru kingdom hindu mythology janaka bimbisara historicity of the mahabharata notes edit grand uncle according to mahabharata parīkṣit is the correct sanskrit form of the name pārikṣita refers to a son descendant of parikṣit e g janamejaya witzel 1997 parīkṣita is a past participle meaning examined not a name according to the mahabharata his capital was at hastinapura but the vedic literature indicates that the early kurus had their capital at āsandīvat 4 identified with modern assandh in haryana 5 6 7 also witzel 1995 only refers to one parikshit and one janamejaya references edit citations edit raychaudhuri hemchandra 4 august 2015 political history of ancient india internet archive retrieved 14 may 2026 michael witzel 1989 tracing the vedic dialects in dialectes dans les litteratures indo aryennes ed caillat paris 97 265 michael witzel early sanskritization origins and development of the kuru state b kölver ed recht staat und verwaltung im klassischen indien the state the law and administration in classical india münchen r oldenbourg 1997 27 52 ejvs current and back issues archived from the original on 15 august 2006 retrieved 5 july 2010 michael witzel early sanskritization origins and development of the kuru state b kölver ed recht staat und verwaltung im klassischen indien the state the law and administration in classical india münchen r oldenbourg 1997 27 52 ejvs current and back issues archived from the original on 15 august 2006 retrieved 5 july 2010 prāci jyotī digest of indological studies 1967 dalal roshen 2010 hinduism an alphabetical guide isbn 9780143414216 raychaudhuri 2006 p 18 witzel 1997 bloomfield hymns of the atharva veda sacred books of the east 42 oxford 1897 repr delhi 1964 raychaudhuri 2006 pp 10 13 raychaudhuri 1996 p 19 raychaudhuri 1996 pp 13 19 michael witzel 1989 tracing the vedic dialects pdf pp 19 141 archived from the original pdf on 6 november 2021 raychaudhuri 2006 p 29 witzel michael 1989 the realm of the kurus origins and development of the first state in india kyoto summaries of the congress of the japanese association for south asian studies pp 1 3 raychaudhuri 2006 pp 11 16 dowson john 1888 a classical dictionary of hindu mythology and religion geography history and literature trubner co london p 1 raychaudhuri 2006 pp 14 39 maharaja parikshit archived from the original on 14 july 2006 misra v s 2007 ancient indian dynasties mumbai bharatiya vidya bhavan isbn 81 7276 413 8 p 278 raychaudhuri 2006 pp 19 who was raja parikshit in mahabharat and why the story of his death is philosophical www timesnownews com 7 may 2020 retrieved 29 august 2020 motilal bansaridas bhagavata purana book 1 skandha i chapter 16 17 prtap chandra roy mahabharata astika parva garg 1992 p 743 raychaudhuri 2006 p 30 sources edit garg gaṅgā rām 1992 encyclopaedia of the hindu world concept publishing company isbn 978 81 7022 376 4 retrieved 2 august 2013 raychaudhuri hemchandra 2006 political history of ancient india cosmo publications isbn 81 307 0291 6 v t e mahabharata traditional author and narrators vyasa vaisampayana ugrashrava sauti books parva s adi sabha vana virata udyoga bhishma bhagavad gita drona karna shalya sauptika stri shanti anushasana ashvamedhika ashramavasika mausala mahaprasthanika svargarohana kingdoms and tribes kuru hastinapur indraprastha kurukshetra panchala kampilya ahichchhatra anarta dvaraka gandhara matsya upaplavya madra kunti magadha chedi kashi kosala sindhu shalva avanti anga kekaya kalinga vidarbha pandya trigarta bahlikas kambojas yadavas vrishni bhoja nishadas more major events sarpa satra lakshagriha svayamvara mayasabha rajasuya vanavasa ghoshyatra ajnatavasa kurukshetra war vishvarupa chakravyūha ashvamedha characters pandava alliance pandavas yudhishthira bhima arjuna nakula sahadeva krishna role in the mahabharata dhrishtadyumna drupada virata satyaki abhimanyu shikhandi dhrishtaketu ghatotkacha uttamaujas and yudhamanyu draupadeyas yuyutsu iravan uttara sahadeva jayatsena kaurava alliance kauravas duryodhana duhshasana vikarna 97 more bhishma drona karna shalya ashvatthama shakuni kripa jayadratha kritavarma bahlika bhurishravas bhagadatta vinda and anuvinda susharma sudakshina shrutayudha lakshmana uluka vrishasena remaining kuru family shantanu satyavati chitrangada vichitravirya ambika ambalika dhritarashtra gandhari pandu kunti madri vidura draupadi subhadra ulupi chitrāngadā babhruvahana uttarā parikshit janamejaya duhshala other notable amba balarama chitrasena deva agni ashvins brahma dharma indra shiva surya varuna vayu vishnu dhaumya durvasa ekalavya ganga hanuman hidimba hidimbi jarasandha jatasura kichaka kindama lomasha narada parashurama purochana rukmi samvarana sanjaya satyabhama shishupala sudeshna tapati vyasa more upakhyana minor episodes nala upakhyana nala damayanti pushkara rama upakhyana rama sita lakshmana ravana savitri upakhyana shakuntala dushyanta bharata kanva yayati devayani sharmishtha yadu puru madhavi related avatars kingdoms vedic era epic puranic chronology harivamsha sarasvati river category retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title parikshit oldid 1377810889 categories vedic period kings of kuru 9th century bc india...