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Text of the page (random words):
uly in the public domain this is usually not legally required but a united states copyright registration requires disclosing material that has been previously published 17 and attribution may still be considered an ethical requirement in academia advocates of permissive licenses often recommend against attempting to release software to the public domain on the grounds that this can be legally problematic in some jurisdictions 18 19 public domain equivalent licenses are an attempt to solve this problem providing a fallback permissive license for cases where renunciation of copyright is not legally possible and sometimes also including a disclaimer of warranties similar to most permissive licenses license compatibility edit main article license compatibility license compatibility between common free and open source software foss licenses according to david a wheeler 2007 the vector arrows denote a one directional compatibility therefore better compatibility on the left side permissive licenses than on the right side copyleft licenses 20 in general permissive licenses have good license compatibility with most other software licenses in most situations 12 13 due to their non restrictiveness most permissive software licenses are even compatible with copyleft licenses which are incompatible with most other licenses some older permissive licenses such as the 4 clause bsd license the php license and the openssl license have clauses requiring advertising materials to credit the copyright holder which made them incompatible with copyleft licenses popular modern permissive licenses however such as the mit license the 3 clause bsd license and the zlib license do not include advertising clauses and are generally compatible with copyleft licenses some licenses do not allow derived works to add a restriction that says a redistributor cannot add more restrictions examples include the cddl and mspl however such restrictions also make the license incompatible with permissive free software licenses citation needed reception and adoption edit while they have been in use since the mid 1980s 21 several authors noted an increase in the popularity of permissive licenses during the 2010s 22 23 24 25 as of 2015 update the mit license a permissive license is the most popular free software license followed by gplv2 2 3 other terms edit non copyleft edit a permissive license is simply a non copyleft open source license open source initiative 26 sometimes the word permissive is considered too ambiguous because all free software licenses are permissive in the sense that they all allow to modify and redistribute the source code in most cases the real opposition is between copyleft licenses and non copyleft ones thus some authors prefer to use the term non copyleft instead of permissive 27 28 26 copycenter edit berkeley had what we called copycenter which is take it down to the copy center and make as many copies as you want marshall kirk mckusick 29 copycenter is a term originally used to explain the modified bsd license a permissive free software license the term was presented by computer scientist and berkeley software distribution bsd contributor marshall kirk mckusick at a bsd conference in 1999 it is a word play on copyright copyleft and copy center 29 30 pushover license edit we call them pushover licenses because they can t say no when one user tries to deny freedom to others richard stallman founder of the gnu operating system 31 in the free software foundation s guide to license compatibility and relicensing richard stallman defines permissive licenses as pushover licenses comparing them to those people who can t say no because they are seen as granting a right to deny freedom to others 31 the foundation recommends pushover licenses only for small programs below 300 lines of code where the benefits provided by copyleft are usually too small to justify the inconvenience of making sure a copy of the license always accompanies the software 32 see also edit free and open source software portal list of permissive software licenses license free software public domain equivalent license free software license comparison of free and open source software licenses free software foundation references edit 1 2 3 new media rights 2008 09 12 open source licensing guide california western school of law 1 2 top 20 licenses black duck software 19 november 2015 archived from the original on 19 july 2016 retrieved 19 november 2015 1 mit license 24 2 gnu general public license gpl 2 0 23 3 apache license 16 4 gnu general public license gpl 3 0 9 5 bsd license 2 0 3 clause new or revised license 6 6 gnu lesser general public license lgpl 2 1 5 7 artistic license perl 4 8 gnu lesser general public license lgpl 3 0 2 9 microsoft public license 2 10 eclipse public license epl 2 1 2 balter ben 2015 03 09 open source license usage on github com github com retrieved 2015 11 21 1 mit 44 69 2 other 15 68 3 gplv2 12 96 4 apache 11 19 5 gplv3 8 88 6 bsd 3 clause 4 53 7 unlicense 1 87 8 bsd 2 clause 1 70 9 lgplv3 1 30 10 agplv3 1 05 free software foundation various licenses and comments about them gnu all permissive license information for maintainers of gnu software license notices for other files permissive on opensource org a permissive license is simply a non copyleft open source license one that guarantees the freedoms to use modify and redistribute but that permits proprietary derivatives choosing an open source license doesn t need to be scary on choosealicense com which of the following best describes your situation i want it simple and permissive what is copyleft gnu retrieved 21 april 2011 categories of free and nonfree software gnu org amadeo ron 21 july 2018 google s iron grip on android controlling open source by any means necessary ars technica with this in mind the freebsd project advocates permissive licenses for companies and commercial use cases they say that they place only minimal restrictions on future behavior and argue that copyleft licenses are legal time bombs see montague bruce 2013 11 13 why you should use a bsd style license for your open source project freebsd retrieved 2015 11 28 9 gpl advantages and disadvantages 12 conclusion in contrast to the gpl which is designed to prevent the proprietary commercialization of open source code the bsd license places minimal restrictions on future behavior this allows bsd code to remain open source or become integrated into commercial solutions as a project s or company s needs change in other words the bsd license does not become a legal time bomb at any point in the development process in addition since the bsd license does not come with the legal complexity of the gpl or lgpl licenses it allows developers and companies to spend their time creating and promoting good code rather than worrying if that code violates licensing 1 2 licence compatibility european union public licence joinup ec europa eu archived from the original on 2015 06 17 retrieved 2015 05 30 the licenses for distributing free or open source software foss are divided in two families permissive and copyleft permissive licenses bsd mit x11 apache zope are generally compatible and interoperable with most other licenses tolerating to merge combine or improve the covered code and to re distribute it under many licenses including non free or proprietary 1 2 hanwell marcus d 2014 01 28 should i use a permissive license copyleft or something in the middle opensource com retrieved 2015 05 30 permissive licensing simplifies things one reason the business world and more and more developers favor permissive licenses is in the simplicity of reuse the license usually only pertains to the source code that is licensed and makes no attempt to infer any conditions upon any other component and because of this there is no need to define what constitutes a derived work i have also never seen a license compatibility chart for permissive licenses it seems that they are all compatible frequently asked questions about the gnu licenses is gplv3 compatible with gplv2 gnu org retrieved 2014 06 03 no some of the requirements in gplv3 such as the requirement to provide installation information do not exist in gplv2 as a result the licenses are not compatible if you tried to combine code released under both these licenses you would violate section 6 of gplv2 however if code is released under gpl version 2 or later that is compatible with gplv3 because gplv3 is one of the options it permits landley rob celf 2013 toybox talk landley net retrieved 2013 08 21 gplv3 broke the gpl into incompatible forks that can t share code interpreting enforcing and changing the gnu gpl as applied to combining linux and zfs fsf org retrieved 2020 06 08 us copyright office form co see also ashton tate v fox openbsd copyright policy the openbsd project retrieved 2020 06 09 in some jurisdictions it is doubtful whether voluntarily placing one s own work into the public domain is legally possible for that reason to make any substantial body of code free it is preferable to state the copyright and put it under an isc or bsd license instead of attempting to release it into the public domain hipp d richard why sqlite succeeded as a database the changelog also at the time i did not realize having lived my whole life in the united states which is you know under british common law where the public domain is something that s recognized i did not realize that there were a lot of jurisdictions in the world where it s difficult or impossible for someone to place their works in the public domain i didn t know so that s a complication the free libre open source software floss license slide by david a wheeler on october 4 2021 haff gordon the mysterious history of the mit license opensource com retrieved 2020 06 08 there s a good argument to be made that the mit license also called the x consortium or x11 license at the time crystallized with x11 in 1987 and that s the best date to use you could argue it was created in 1985 with possible adjustments over the next couple of years vaughan nichols steven j the fall of gpl and the rise of permissive open source licenses zdnet retrieved 2015 11 28 the gpl is still the world s most popular open source license but it s declining in use while permissive licenses are gaining more fans and some developers are choosing to release code without any license at all ronacher armin 2013 07 23 licensing in a post copyright world lucumr pocoo org retrieved 2015 11 18 aslett matthew 2011 06 06 the trend towards permissive licensing the451group com archived from the original on 2015 10 13 retrieved 2015 11 28 does your code need a license posted 02 may 2013 by jason hibbets q are there software development companies favoring a certain open source license over another what is the trend in the community a we re definitely seeing some trends away from copyleft licenses mostly towards permissive licenses 1 2 frequently asked questions open source initiative open source initiative retrieved 2022 08 09 a permissive license is simply a non copyleft open source license copyleft versus non copyleft licenses in free open source software qoppa software 2014 11 21 retrieved 2022 08 09 sen ravi subramaniam chandrasekar nelson matthew l 2011 open source software licenses strong copyleft non copyleft or somewhere in between decision support systems 52 1 199 206 doi 10 1016 j dss 2011 07 004 issn 0167 9236 retrieved 2022 08 09 1 2 add kirk s comment about copycenter it s just too good to pass up historical freebsd fortune 6 database retrieved 2020 06 08 raymond eric s copycenter the jargon file 1 2 stallman richard 2016 02 08 license compatibility and relicensing free software foundation retrieved 2019 09 29 in general lax permissive licenses modified bsd x11 expat apache python etc are compatible with each other that s because they have no requirements about other code that is added to the program they even permit putting the entire program perhaps with changes into a proprietary software product thus we call them pushover licenses because they can t say no when one user tries to deny freedom to others how to choose a license for your own work free software foundation external links edit wikibooks has a book on the topic of foss licensing v t e free and open source software general alternative terms for free software comparison of open source and closed source software comparison of source code hosting facilities free software free software project directories long term support open source software open source software development outline timeline software packages audio bioinformatics codecs configuration management drivers graphics wireless health mathematics office suites operating systems routing television video games web applications e commerce android apps ios apps commercial formerly proprietary formerly open source community free software movement history open source software movement events advocacy organisations free software movement of india free software foundation licenses afl apache apsl artistic beerware bsd creative commons cddl epl free software foundation gnu gpl gnu agpl gnu lgpl isc mit mpl python python software foundation license shared source initiative sleepycat unlicense wtfpl zlib types and standards comparison of licenses contributor license agreement copyleft debian free software guidelines definition of free cultural works free license the free software definition the open source definition open source license permissive software license public domain challenges digital rights management license proliferation mozilla software rebranding proprietary device drivers proprietary firmware proprietary software sco linux controversies software patents software security tivoization trusted computing related topics forking gnu manifesto microsoft open specification promise open core model open source hardware shared source initiative source available software the cathedral and the bazaar revolution os portal category v t e software distribution licenses floating licensing free license free software license open source license permissive software license compensation models adware commercial software retail software crippleware crowdfunding freemium freeware greenware pay what you want careware donationware open core model shareware delivery methods digital distribution file sharing on premises pre installed product bundling retail software sneakernet software as a service deceptive and or illicit potentially unwanted program malware infostealer ransomware spyware trojan horse worm scareware shovelware software release life cycle abandonware long term support software maintenance software maintainer software publisher vaporware list copy protection digital rights management software protection dongle software license manager product activation product key software copyright software license server software patent torrent poisoning software based on their license ...