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in menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 cycle of birth and death 2 sins 3 traits 4 punishment and atonement 5 references toggle the table of contents pāpa add languages add links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia part of a series on hinduism hindus mythology origin and history dravidian folk religion indus valley civilisation itihasa purana epic puranic royal genealogies epic puranic chronology śramaṇa tribal religions vedic religion sampradaya traditions shaktism shaivism kapalika pashupata pratyabhijña smartism vaishnavism pancharatra other denominations deities trimurti brahma shiva vishnu tridevi saraswati lakshmi parvati others vedic deities agni chandra indra tridasha adityas ashvins rudras vasus post vedic dashavatara krishna rama ganesha hanuman kartikeya shakti amman durga kali radha sita concepts cosmology guṇa mythology pancha bhuta panchikarana prakṛti pramana shabda purusha tanmatras tattva supreme reality brahman nirguna saguna om saccidānanda god deva devata devi god and gender ishvara puruṣārtha meaning of life artha dharma kama moksha āśrama stages of life brahmacharya gṛhastha sannyasa vānaprastha saṃsāra cycle of birth and death karma maya pāpa mahapataka paramātman prāyaścitta punya mind and ethics achourya ahamkara ahimsa akrodha ānanda anātman antahkarana arishadvargas arjava ātman dayā dāna niti śastra shraddha mitahara niyama aparigraha prajña samatva santosha sastra pramanam satya shaucha svādhyāya dama sūkṣma śarīra titiksha vairagya viveka yamas practices worship arti bhajan bhakti dāna exorcism homa japa kirtan murti prarthana puja temple matha sevā śrauta tarpana tirtha tirthadana vrata yajna yatra meditation dhyana nididhyāsana tapas yoga asana bhakti yoga hatha yoga jnana yoga karma yoga kundalini yoga rāja yoga sādhanā sadhu yogi yogini rites of passage annaprashana antyesti chudakarana garbhadhana jatakarma karnavedha keshanta nāmakaraṇa nishkramana pumsavana simantonayana pumsavana ritushuddhi samavartanam simantonnayana upanayana vidyāraṃbhaṃ vivaha festivals diwali ganesh chaturthi holi janmashtami kumbh mela maha shivaratri navaratri durga puja ramlila vijayadashami makar sankranti new year bihu puthandu ugadi vaisakhi vishu pongal onam raksha bandhan rama navami ratha yatra vasant panchami philosophical schools six astika schools samkhya yoga nyaya vaisheshika mīmāṃsā vedanta advaita dvaita vishishtadvaita achintya bheda abheda shuddhadvaita svabhavika bhedabheda akshar purushottam darshan other schools ājīvika buddhism jainism charvaka gurus rishi philosophers ancient saptarshi vashistha kashyapa atri jamadagni gotama vishvamitra bharadwaja agastya angiras aruni ashtavakra jaimini kanada kapila patanjali pāṇini prashastapada raikva satyakama jabala valmiki vyasa yajnavalkya medieval abhinavagupta adi shankara akka mahadevi allama alvars basava chaitanya ramdas kathiababa chakradhara changdev dadu dayal eknath gangesha gaudapada gorakshanath haridasa thakur harivansh jagannatha dasa jayanta bhatta jayatirtha jiva goswami jñāneśvar kabir kanaka dasa kumārila bhaṭṭa madhusūdana sarasvatī madhvacharya matsyendranatha morya gosavi mukundraj namdev narahari tirtha narasimha saraswati nayanars nimbarkacharya srinivasacharya prabhākara purandara dasa raghavendra swami raghunatha siromani raghuttama tirtha ram charan ramananda ramanuja ramprasad sen ravidas rupa goswami samarth ramdas sankardev satyanatha tirtha siddheshwar sripada srivallabha sripadaraja surdas swaminarayan syama sastri thiruvalluvar tukaram tulsidas tyagaraja vācaspati miśra vadiraja tirtha vallabha vedanta desika vidyaranya vyasaraja modern sri aurobindo bhaktisiddhanta sarasvati bhaktivinoda thakur chandrashekarendra saraswati chinmayananda dayananda saraswati jaggi vasudev krishnananda saraswati mahavatar babaji mahesh yogi narayana guru nigamananda nisargadatta maharaj prabhupada radhakrishnan r d ranade ramakrishna rama tirtha ramana maharshi ravi shankar ramdas samarth sathya sai baba shirdi sai baba shraddhanand satyadhyana tirtha siddharameshwar maharaj sivananda saraswati trailanga u g krishnamurti upasni maharaj vethathiri maharishi vivekananda yogananda texts sources and classification of scripture śruti smṛti ācāra ātmatuṣṭi scriptures timeline of hindu texts vedas rigveda yajurveda samaveda atharvaveda divisions samhita brahmana aranyaka upanishads upanishads principal upanishads rigveda aitareya kaushitaki yajurveda brihadaranyaka isha taittiriya katha shvetashvatara maitri samaveda chandogya kena atharvaveda mundaka mandukya prashna vedangas shiksha chandas vyākaraṇa nirukta kalpa jyotisha other scriptures bhagavad gita agama s hinduism itihasas ramayana mahabharata puranas vishnu purana bhagavata purana devi bhagavata purana naradiya purana vāmana purana matsya purana garuda purana brahma purana brahmanda purana brahma vaivarta purana bhavishya purana padma purana agni purana shiva purana linga purana kūrma purana skanda purana varaha purana markandeya purana upavedas ayurveda dhanurveda gandharvaveda sthapatyaveda shastras sutras and samhitas arthashastra brahma sutras charaka samhita dharma shastra kama sutra natya shastra nyāya sūtras panchatantra pramana sutras purva mimamsa sutras ramcharitmanas samkhya pravachana sutra shilpa shastras shiva swarodaya sushruta samhita vaiśeṣika sūtra yoga sutras yoga vasistha stotras stutis and bhashya abirami antati hanuman chalisa kanakadhara stotra kanda shasti kavasam shiva stuti vayu stuti tamil literature athichudi eighteen greater texts eighteen lesser texts five great epics iraiyanar akapporul kamba ramayanam kural naalayira divya prabandham thiruvilaiyadal puranam tirumurai tirumurukāṟṟuppaṭai tiruppukal vinayagar agaval other texts hindu culture and society society caste varna brahmin kshatriya vaishya shudra jāti dalit persecution adivasi untouchability gramanya by region india violence nepal bali united states dasa dvija gotra hindu art bhagavata mela bharatanatyam bommalattam carnatic music hindu iconography kai silambattam kalaripayattu kavadi aattam kathak kathakali kolattam koothu kuchipudi manipuri mayilattam mohiniyattam nritta nritya odissi pandav lila rasa sattriya yakshagana yantra hindu architecture hindu temple architecture talamana vastu shastra hindu music alankāra raga sangita shruti svara tala vadya food and diet jhatka mitahara sattvic vrata time keeping practices calendar panchangam shaka era units of time vikram samvat other society related topics discrimination persecution nationalism organisations reform movements other topics hinduism by country balinese hinduism caribbean shaktism greater india hinduism other religions hinduism and jainism and buddhism and sikhism and judaism and christianity and islam glossary outline hinduism portal v t e according to hinduism pāpa sin is a concept that is tied to the cycle of rebirth samsara hindu texts mention various categories of sins such as the five greatest sins maha patakas foremost sins ati patakas secondary sins upa patakas and minor sins prasangika patakas cycle of birth and death edit as per hindu texts every action kriya of a living being karta leads to a reaction and an associated result which forms the concept of karma every transgression or demerit signifying deeds or intentions that transgress moral and spiritual laws results in negative karma called papa while good deeds earn punya as per bhagavad gita a atman soul spends time in the svarga heaven for the good deeds and is cast back into earth to take a life form jiva as long as sins are committed the cycle of rebirth samsara continues 1 sins edit manusmriti also mentions five greatest sins maha patakas brahmahatya killing a brahmin or a learned person surapana usage of alcohol or intoxicating substances steya stealing guruvanganagama committing adultery with one s spiritual teacher s wife and mahapata kasamsarga associating with those who have committed any of the above four sins 2 3 there are other activities anu patakas which are mentioned as equivalent to committing these five great sins which include murder of a menstruating or pregnant woman killing of a kshatriya or one who has given a sacrifice causing harm to a child or causing an abortion betraying a friend embezzling land and property and having incestuous relationship with an elder or friend s spouse 4 5 6 texts also mention foremost sins ati patakas which include crimes that are punished with the highest penalty such as having sex with one s mother daughter or daughter in law 4 texts also mention various secondary sins upa patakas and minor sins prasangika patakas 7 secondary sins include practices like adultery perjury selling alcohol and intoxicating substances angering one s guru disbelief in god not performing a sacrifice or performing a sacrifice or prayer for an unworthy person or cause minor sins include those committed intentionally or unintentionally with more than fifty such sins listed in the texts these include abandoning the wife studying forbidden texts not caring for the parents accepting gifts without sacrifices killing other creatures amongst others 7 traits edit further information arishadvargas hindu texts mention various things that are not themselves sin but drive people to sin themselves 8 arishadvargas six enemies are the six enemies of the mind listed in hindu texts these are kama desire krodha anger lobha greed mada ego moha attachment and matsarya jealousy these six traits are considered negative characteristics that lead to commit sins and prevent humans from attaining moksha liberation 9 punishment and atonement edit the hindu texts mention various punishments for various sins apart from suffering in naraka hell in the afterlife and subsequent rebirth however there were differences in terms of the quantum and application of punishments based on the varna s social classes 6 7 one has to either feel remorse paścātāpa or atone for the sins committed prāyaścitta 7 texts also give various means by which one can atone for the sins committed these include public confession abhishasta prayer to god and chanting mantras visiting pilgrimage sites and taking holy dip in sacred rivers performing rituals austere living and virtuous conduct attaining knowledge gnana self control and meditation obtaining blessings of saints gurus or elders and giving charity dhana 7 references edit punya sanatana dhara retrieved 1 june 2025 shrikant prasoon 2009 hinduism clarified and simplified pustak mahal p 194 isbn 978 8 122 31056 6 günther dietz sontheimer hermann kulke eds 2001 hinduism reconsidered manohar publications p 252 isbn 978 8 173 04385 7 1 2 terence day 1982 the conception of punishment in early indian literature wilfrid laurier university press p 95 isbn 978 0 919 81215 4 monier monier williams 1882 hinduism society for promoting christian knowledge p 64 1 2 saral jhingran 1989 aspects of hindu morality motilal banarsidass p 62 isbn 978 8 120 80574 3 1 2 3 4 5 sins in hinduism newsgram 26 december 2017 retrieved 1 june 2025 bernard l ramm 2000 offense to reason a theology of sin regent college p 60 isbn 978 1 573 83001 0 arishadvarga veda vedic knowledge online retrieved 21 january 2020 v t e indian philosophy topics atheism atomism idealism logic monotheism vedic philosophy kama artha moksha ancient āstika hindu samkhya nyaya vaisheshika yoga mīmāṃsā vedanta shaiva raseśvara pashupata shaivism pāṇiniya nāstika ājīvika ajñana charvaka jain anekantavada syādvāda buddhist philosophy and early buddhist schools śūnyatā madhyamaka yogachara sautrāntika svatantrika medieval vedanta acintya bheda abheda advaita bhedabheda dvaita svabhavika bhedabheda shuddhadvaita vishishtadvaita navya nyāya sikh philosophy shaiva pratyabhijna pashupata shaivism shaiva siddhanta modern integral yoga gandhism radical humanism progressive utilization theory texts abhinavabharati arthashastra bhagavad gita bhagavata purana brahma sutra buddhist texts dharmashastra hindu texts jain agamas kamasutra mimamsa sutras all 108 texts principal nyāya sūtras nyayakusumanjali panchadasi samkhyapravachana sutra sangam texts sarvadarsanasangraha shiva sutras tarka sangraha tattvacintāmaṇi tirukkuṟaḷ upanishads minor vaiśeṣika sūtra vedangas vedas yoga sutras of patanjali yoga vasistha more philosophers adi shankara abhinavagupta kumārila bhaṭṭa maṇḍana miśra valluvar avatsara vāchaspati misra uddalaka aruni gautama buddha yājñavalkya gārgī vāchaknavī buddhaghosa patañjali kanada kapila brihadratha ikshvaku jaimini vyasa chanakya dharmakirti akshapada gotama nagarjuna padmasambhāva vasubandhu gaudapada ramana maharshi vivekananda dayananda saraswati ramanuja vedanta desika raikva sadananda sakayanya satyakama jabala madhvacharya mahavira guru nanak more concepts abhava abhasavada abheda adarsana adrishta advaita aham ahimsa aishvarya akrodha aksara anatta ananta anavastha anupalabdhi apauruṣheyā artha asiddhatva asatkalpa ātman avyakta bhrama brahman bhuman bhumika catuṣkoṭi chaitanya chidabhasa cittabhumi dāna devatas dharma dhi dravya dhrti ekagrata guṇa hitā idam ikshana ishvaratva jivatva kama karma kasaya kshetrajna lakshana mahapataka matsya nyaya maya mithyatva mokṣa nididhyasana nirvāṇa nishkama karma niyama padārtha pāpa paramatman paramananda parameshashakti parinama vada pradhana prajna prakṛti pratibimbavada pratītyasamutpāda prāyaścitta punya puruṣa rājamaṇḍala rajas ṛta sakshi samadhi saṃsāra satya satkaryavada sattva shabda brahman sphoṭa sthiti śūnyatā sutram svātantrya iccha mrityu syādvāda taijasa tajjalan tamas tanmatra tyāga uparati upekkhā utsaha vivartavada viraj yamas yoga more retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title pāpa oldid 1331288850 categories vedas hindu philosophical concepts buddhist philosophical concepts sanskrit words and phrases this page was last edited on 5 january 2026 at 16 20 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search toggle the 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