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ons read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia american engineer born 1946 for other people named robert metcalfe see robert metcalfe disambiguation robert metcalfe metcalfe in 2004 born robert melancton metcalfe 1946 04 07 april 7 1946 age 80 new york city u s education massachusetts institute of technology bs harvard university ms phd known for internet pioneer ethernet inventor 3com founder metcalfe s law spouse robyn children 2 awards national medal of technology ieee medal of honor internet hall of fame ieee alexander graham bell medal 1988 acm grace murray hopper award marconi prize 2003 computer history museum fellow awards 2008 1 turing award 2022 scientific career fields computer science workplaces massachusetts institute of technology xerox parc 3com idg infoworld polaris venture partners university of texas at austin thesis packet communication 1973 doctoral advisor jeffrey p buzen robert bob melancton metcalfe born april 7 1946 2 3 is an american engineer and entrepreneur who contributed to the development of the internet in the 1970s he co invented ethernet co founded 3com and formulated metcalfe s law which describes the effect of a telecommunications network metcalfe has also made several predictions which failed to come to pass including forecasting the demise of the internet during the 1990s metcalfe has received various awards including the ieee medal of honor and national medal of technology and innovation for his work developing ethernet technology in 2023 he received the turing award the highest distinction in computer science 4 from 2011 to 2021 he was professor of innovation and entrepreneurship at the university of texas at austin 5 early life and family edit robert metcalfe was born in 1946 in new york new york to ruth and robert metcalfe he is of english irish and norwegian descent his father was a test technician who specialized in gyroscopes his mother was a homemaker who later became a secretary at bay shore high school 6 metcalfe graduated from that school in 1964 7 6 metcalfe graduated from the massachusetts institute of technology in 1969 receiving two bachelor of science degrees in electrical engineering and industrial management he then attended harvard university and received a master of science in applied mathematics in 1970 and a doctor of philosophy in computer science in 1973 3 8 metcalfe and his wife robyn have two children 9 career edit while pursuing his doctorate in computer science metcalfe took a job with mit s project mac after harvard refused permission for him to connect the university to the then new arpanet at mac metcalfe was responsible for building some of the hardware that would link mit s minicomputers with arpanet metcalfe made arpanet the topic of his doctoral thesis but harvard initially rejected it 10 metcalfe decided how to improve his thesis while working at xerox parc where he read a paper about the aloha network at the university of hawaiʻi he identified and fixed some of the bugs in the alohanet model then added that work to his revised thesis it was then accepted by harvard which granted his phd 11 metcalfe was working at parc in 1973 when he and david boggs invented ethernet initially as a standard for connecting computers over short distances he later recalled that ethernet was born on may 22 1973 the day he circulated a memo titled alto ethernet which contained a rough schematic of how it would work that is the first time ethernet appears as a word as does the idea of using coax as ether where the participating stations like in alohanet or arpanet would inject their packets of data they d travel around at megabits per second there would be collisions and retransmissions and back off metcalfe explained boggs argued that another date was the birth of ethernet november 11 1973 the first day the system actually functioned 9 in 1979 metcalfe departed parc and co founded 3com 12 a manufacturer of computer networking equipment in his palo alto apartment 9 3com became a leading provider of networking solutions and ethernet became the dominant networking standard for local area networks lans 13 in 1980 he received the acm grace hopper award for his contributions to the development of local networks specifically ethernet in 1990 the 3com board of directors appointed éric benhamou as ceo instead of metcalfe who then left the company 9 he spent 10 years as a publisher and pundit writing an internet column for infoworld in 1996 he co founded pop tech an executive technology conference 14 he became a venture capitalist in 2001 and subsequently a general partner at polaris venture partners 3 from 2011 to 2021 he was a professor at the university of texas at austin s cockrell school of engineering specializing in innovation initiatives 15 metcalfe was a keynote speaker at the 2016 congress of future science and technology leaders and in 2019 he presented the bernard price memorial lecture in south africa 16 in june 2022 metcalfe returned to mit by joining the computer science and artificial intelligence laboratory as a research affiliate and computational engineer working with the mit julia lab 17 awards edit in 1996 metcalfe was awarded the ieee medal of honor for exemplary and sustained leadership in the development standardization and commercialization of ethernet 18 the following year he was elected as a member into the national academy of engineering for the development of ethernet 19 he received the national medal of technology in 2003 for leadership in the invention standardization and commercialization of ethernet 20 in october 2003 he received the marconi award for for inventing the ethernet and promulgating his law of network utility based on the square of the nodes 21 metcalfe was inducted into the national inventors hall of fame in 2007 for his work with ethernet technology 22 in 2008 he received the fellow award from the computer history museum for fundamental contributions to the invention standardization and commercialization of ethernet 23 in march 2023 metcalfe was awarded the 2022 association for computing machinery s turing award for his contributions to the invention of ethernet technology 24 25 predicted internet collapse edit in 1995 metcalfe argued that the internet would suffer a catastrophic collapse in the following year he promised to eat his words if it did not during his keynote speech at the sixth international world wide web conference in 1997 he took a printed copy of his column that predicted the collapse put it in a blender with some liquid and then consumed the pulpy mass 26 27 he had suggested having his words printed on a very large cake but the audience would not accept this form of eating his words 28 selected publications edit packet communication mit project mac technical report mac tr 114 december 1973 a recast version of metcalfe s harvard dissertation zen and the art of selling technology review may june 1992 29 references edit computer history museum 2008 fellow awards archived from the original on october 3 2008 retrieved october 21 2008 robert metcalfe inventor profile national inventors hall of fame archived from the original on january 4 2008 retrieved october 19 2007 1 2 3 robert m metcalfe ieee computer society april 2 2018 archived from the original on december 6 2021 retrieved december 6 2021 bob metcalfe 69 wins 1 million turing award mit news massachusetts institute of technology march 22 2023 archived from the original on march 29 2023 retrieved march 30 2023 inventor of ethernet and venture capital executive bob metcalfe to lead innovation initiatives at ut ece archived from the original on july 22 2011 retrieved january 20 2011 1 2 shustek len 2007 oral history of robert metcalfe pdf computer history museum archived pdf from the original on december 23 2022 retrieved march 28 2023 q a robert metcalfe on the inoversity mit news massachusetts institute of technology june 28 2016 archived from the original on march 22 2023 retrieved march 28 2023 metcalfe robert melancton 1973 packet communication phd thesis harvard university oclc 1243034442 archived from the original on march 29 2023 retrieved march 28 2023 1 2 3 4 kirsner scott november 1 1998 the legend of bob metcalfe wired archived from the original on december 20 2016 retrieved november 9 2016 entrepreneurial capitalism innovation a history of computer communications from the development of the modem to the early years of the internet by james pelkey interview conducted by the author in 1988 archived from the original on august 6 2020 only one small hitch which is when i showed up in june of 72 to defend my phd thesis at harvard it was rejected and i was thrown out on my ass internet pioneers bob metcalfe ibiblio archived from the original on october 27 2007 retrieved december 7 2007 hedden heather behn salamie david e meyer stephen 2010 3com corporation in jacques derek kepos paula eds international directory of company histories vol 106 farmington hills michigan st james press gale cengage learning group p 465 isbn 978 1 55862 640 9 chapter 1 the evolution of ethernet o reilly archived from the original on march 12 2023 retrieved march 29 2023 about poptech archived from the original on march 28 2023 retrieved march 28 2023 inventor of ethernet and venture capital executive bob metcalfe to lead innovation initiatives at the university of texas at austin the university of texas at austin november 8 2010 archived from the original on november 21 2010 retrieved november 12 2010 saiee the south african institute of electrical engineers the 68th bernard price memorial lecture western cape centre archived from the original on august 6 2020 retrieved september 23 2019 returning to mit archived from the original on july 9 2022 retrieved july 9 2022 ieee medal of honor recipients ieee n d archived from the original on may 2 2008 retrieved august 19 2006 dr robert m metcalfe national academy of engineering archived from the original on march 28 2023 retrieved march 28 2023 recipients of the national medal of technology united states technology administration july 24 2006 archived from the original on august 12 2006 retrieved august 19 2006 robert m metcalfe 2003 the marconi society october 26 2003 archived from the original on march 28 2023 retrieved march 28 2023 inventors to be honored on capitol hill archived from the original on august 6 2020 retrieved february 8 2007 currently inaccessible chm bob metcalfe chm fellow award winner archived from the original on april 3 2015 retrieved march 30 2015 computer history museum fellow awards bob metcalfe archived from the original on july 3 2012 retrieved july 8 2012 metz cade march 22 2023 turing award won by co inventor of ethernet technology the new york times archived from the original on march 23 2023 retrieved march 23 2023 a m turing award amturing acm org archived from the original on december 3 2003 retrieved march 22 2023 keynote speaker bob metcalfe sixth international world wide web conference archived from the original on march 25 2012 retrieved august 21 2013 eating my collapse column north american network operators group april 16 1997 archived from the original on november 7 2006 retrieved january 12 2007 sage who warned of net s collapse eats his words reuters april 11 1997 archived from the original on march 27 2007 retrieved january 12 2007 zen and the art of selling technology review june 1992 archived from the original on march 1 2009 retrieved august 4 2008 external links edit wikimedia commons has media related to robert metcalfe robert metcalfe on x a more detailed interview video interview of robert metcalfe on march 10 2009 at the computer history museum ieee history center biography at the wayback machine archived august 27 2002 awards and achievements preceded by joel s engel richard h frenkiel and william c jakes jr ieee alexander graham bell medal 1988 succeeded by gerald r ash and billy b oliver preceded by stephen wozniak acm grace murray hopper award 1980 succeeded by daniel s bricklin v t e a m turing award laureates alan perlis 1966 maurice wilkes 1967 richard hamming 1968 marvin minsky 1969 james h wilkinson 1970 john mccarthy 1971 edsger w dijkstra 1972 charles bachman 1973 donald knuth 1974 allen newell herbert a simon 1975 michael o rabin dana scott 1976 john backus 1977 robert w floyd 1978 kenneth e iverson 1979 tony hoare 1980 edgar f codd 1981 stephen cook 1982 dennis ritchie ken thompson 1983 niklaus wirth 1984 richard karp 1985 john hopcroft robert tarjan 1986 john cocke 1987 ivan sutherland 1988 william kahan 1989 fernando j corbató 1990 robin milner 1991 butler lampson 1992 juris hartmanis richard e stearns 1993 edward feigenbaum raj reddy 1994 manuel blum 1995 amir pnueli 1996 douglas engelbart 1997 jim gray 1998 fred brooks 1999 andrew yao 2000 ole johan dahl kristen nygaard 2001 leonard adleman ron rivest adi shamir 2002 alan kay 2003 vint cerf bob kahn 2004 peter naur 2005 frances allen 2006 edmund m clarke e allen emerson joseph sifakis 2007 barbara liskov 2008 charles p thacker 2009 leslie valiant 2010 judea pearl 2011 shafi goldwasser silvio micali 2012 leslie lamport 2013 michael stonebraker 2014 whitfield diffie martin hellman 2015 tim berners lee 2016 john l hennessy david patterson 2017 yoshua bengio geoffrey hinton yann lecun 2018 ed catmull pat hanrahan 2019 alfred aho jeffrey ullman 2020 jack dongarra 2021 robert metcalfe 2022 avi wigderson 2023 andrew barto richard s sutton 2024 charles h bennett gilles brassard 2025 v t e ieee medal of honor 1976 2000 h earle vaughan 1977 robert noyce 1978 richard bellman 1979 william shockley 1980 sidney darlington 1981 john tukey 1982 nicolaas bloembergen 1983 norman ramsey 1984 john roy whinnery 1985 jack kilby 1986 paul lauterbur 1987 calvin quate 1988 c kumar patel 1989 robert g gallager 1990 leo esaki 1991 amos e joel jr 1992 karl johan åström 1993 alfred y cho 1994 lotfi a zadeh 1995 robert metcalfe 1996 george h heilmeier 1997 donald pederson 1998 charles concordia 1999 andrew grove 2000 v t e grace murray hopper award recipients knuth 1971 dirksen and cress 1972 breed lathwell and moore 1973 baird 1974 scherr 1975 shortliffe 1976 kurzweil 1978 wozniak 1979 metcalfe 1980 bricklin 1981 reid 1982 ingalls 1984 green 1985 joy 1986 ousterhout 1987 steele 1988 hillis 1989 stallman 1990 hsu 1991 stroustrup 1993 goldwasser 1996 hwu 1999 kavraki 2000 necula 2001 srikant 2002 keckler 2003 rexford 2004 reingold 2005 klein 2006 paxson 2007 engler 2008 roughgarden 2009 gentry 2010 ahn 2011 casado and katabi 2012 felzenszwalb 2013 ratnasamy 2014 waters 2015 heer 2016 randles 2017 daskalakis and freedman 2018 balcan 2019 gollakota 2020 popa 2...