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crochet, yves, jaeger, jacques, welcomme, loup, 2003, review, holarctic, 374, 0008, 4077, 1139, e02, 101, 2003cajes, 365a, 365, canadian, earth, sciences, lange, badré, brigitte, böhme, madelaine, apterodon, intermedius, creodont, mp22, 328, 1016, annpal, 001, 2005anpal, 311l, 311, annales, paléontologie, bernard, ménouret, claude, guérin, geobios, 293, 327, massiliae, des, argiles, oligocènes, andré, près, aix, provence, premier, grand, brachypode, européen, book, whittaker, hart, published, 2010, 641542429, 9781862393059, micropalaeontology, sedimentary, environments, stratigraphy, tribute, 1912, 2001, costeur, loïc, balme, christine, southeastern, 267, 129817630, s2cid, 1042, 0940, 1080, 10420940902953197, 2009ichno, 257c, 257, ichnos, emery, abstracts, 2nd, geoscience, meeting, lausanne, 2004, macromammalian, ungulata, solothurn, molasse, paleoecology, paleoclimate, bastien, mennecart, laureline, scherler, florent, hiard, 131, 2012, 161, 181, reference, mp29, biostratigraphic, 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ronzotherium wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 description 2 classification 3 palaeobiology 4 ichnology 5 localities toggle localities subsection 5 1 united kingdom 5 2 france 5 3 germany 5 4 switzerland 5 5 asia 6 references toggle the table of contents ronzotherium 5 languages deutsch español עברית italiano українська edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia extinct genus of mammals ronzotherium temporal range late eocene late oligocene r filholi maxilla from the phosphatiere de quercy france in musee d histoire naturelle paris scientific classification kingdom animalia phylum chordata class mammalia order perissodactyla family rhinocerotidae genus ronzotherium aymard 1854 type species ronzotherium velaunum lartet 1851 1 species see text ronzotherium is an extinct genus of perissodactyl mammal from the family rhinocerotidae the name derives from the hill of ronzon the french locality near le puy en velay at which it was first discovered and the greek suffix therium meaning beast at present 5 species have been identified from several localities in europe and asia spanning the late eocene to upper oligocene 37 23 million years ago description edit r filholi mandible musee d histoire naturelle paris ronzotherium was a small to mid sized rhinocerotid smaller species weighed in the region of 1t while larger species could reach 1 9t in weight 2 the genus was similar in weight to the extant black rhinoceros although with an overall more slender and gracile build with a long humerus and femur in comparison to other rhinocerotids the genus shows a trend for increased size with later species being considerably larger than some of its first representatives 3 ronzotherium did not possess a nasal horn instead the nasal bones were retracted suggesting the presence of a large prehensile upper lip like those seen in modern rhinoceros species the lower incisors of ronzotherium were long and tusk like with a large diastema in the lower jaw between the incisors and other teeth the upper incisors were much smaller the forelimbs were tetradactyl with a prominent central metapodal the hindlimbs however were tridactyl with three toes 3 classification edit ronzotherium is one of the basal members of the family rhinocerotidae cladogram after lu deng and pandolfi 2023 4 rhinocerotidae trigonias ronzotherium epiaceratherium diceratherium molassitherium skinneroceras aceratheriinae including teleoceratini protaceratherium menoceras rhinocerotinae modern rhinoceroses elasmotheriinae 5 species have been identified within the genus ronzotherium velaunum aymard 1853 ronzotherium filholi osborn 1900 ronzotherium romani kretzoi 1945 ronzotherium orientale dashzeveg 1991 ronzotherium brevirostre beliajeva 1954 the 3 european species are believed to have dispersed into europe during the lower rupelian as part of the grande coupure and were seemingly widespread in the post grande coupure fauna of europe with fossils discovered in rupelian deposits from the united kingdom france germany italy switzerland and the czech republic ronzotherium brevirostre and ronzotherium orientale are known exclusively from the late eocene of mongolia further material has been found in the linxia basin in china s gansu province 5 palaeobiology edit life restoration isotope analysis of teeth discovered at rickenbach in switzerland has shown that european ronzotherium species were adapted to the increasingly drier climate and open landscapes of the post grande coupure oligocene the low crowned dentition suggests that ronzotherium was a browser feeding on the leaves of shrubs bushes and small trees 6 7 this is supported by the presence of the a prehensile upper lip which is used by modern rhinocerotids to browse on foliage 3 the gracile build and long limb bones found in ronzotherium suggest that it could have been capable of sustained running 3 ichnology edit fossil rhinocerotid trackways assigned to the ichnotaxon rhinoceripeda voconsense vialov 1966 have been discovered at two sites in the luberon natural regional park in southeast france the trackways are preserved in the calcaires de la fayette a calcareous lacustrian deposit dating to the lower rupelian and are exposed at saignon and viens various other trackways including artiodactyls and possibly creodonts are also present based on the 1974 discovery of a ronzotherium velaunum mandible in lower oligocene strata at viens the tracks are attributed to ronzotherium 8 localities edit r filholi skull in musee d histoire naturelle paris united kingdom edit in the united kingdom rare isolated teeth and bone fragments attributed to ronzotherium romani have been found from the rupelian aged bouldnor formation on the isle of wight here ronzotherium formed part of the post grande coupure fauna alongside anthracotheres entelodonts and a variety of other asian derived groups 9 france edit ronzotherium remains have been recovered from numerous oligocene sites throughout france in the rupelian strata of the paris basin material attributed to r romani has been collected from etampes and ferte alais 9 in south western france the fossiliferous quercy phosphorites formation has produced ronzotherium material including an intact maxilla a large majority of france s ronzotherium material comes from the oligocene deposits of the luberon massif northwest of the city of marseille here fossil trackways and bone fragments of ronzotherium dating from the early oligocene have been discovered at the villages of saignon and viens 8 further south at les milles bone fragments and a nearly intact mandible have been collected finds have also come from the city of marseille itself at saint henri and saint andre in the north of the city 50 fragments of bone and dentition have been recovered including a mandible and semi intact upper jaw 10 germany edit the espenhain mines in saxony have produced a series of ronzotherium teeth the locality south of leipzig exposes the bohn formation a predominantly marine sequence of rupelian age that has preserved a rich terrestrial fauna of post grande coupure mammals 11 switzerland edit r filholi mandible in natural history museum basel switzerland preserves the oldest and some of the youngest evidence of the genus in europe at kleinblauen and bressaucourt in northwest switzerland the mandible of a juvenile animal along with other finds provides the earliest known occurrence of ronzotherium in europe 2 at the late oligocene locality of rickenbach 35 fragments of cranial and post cranial material have been recovered from chattian strata 6 asia edit the late eocene ergilin dzo formation in mongolia has produced the remains of two species of ronzotherium r brevirostre and r orientale this is the earliest known occurrence of the genus dated at 37 million years ago 12 further asian finds come from the late oligocene of china s linxia basin where an unspecified species of ronzotherium lived alongside a diversity of other late paleogene rhinocerotids 5 references edit alicornops simorrense mnhn france 1 2 damien becker earliest record of rhinocerotoids mammalia perissodactyla from switzerland systematics and biostratigraphy swiss journal of geosciences 102 2009 s 489 504 1 2 3 4 agustí jordi 2002 mammoths sabertooths and hominids 65 million years of mammalian evolution in europe antón mauricio new york columbia university press isbn 978 0231516334 oclc 51534272 lu xiao kang deng tao pandolfi luca 2023 02 16 reconstructing the phylogeny of the hornless rhinoceros aceratheriinae frontiers in ecology and evolution 11 doi 10 3389 fevo 2023 1005126 issn 2296 701x 1 2 tao deng late cenozoic environmental changes in the linxia basin gansu china as indicated by cenograms of fossil mammals vertebrata palasiatica 47 4 2009 s 282 298 1 2 bastien mennecart laureline scherler florent hiard damien becker und jean pierre berger large mammals from rickenbach switzerland reference locality mp29 late oligocene biostratigraphic and alaeoenvironmental implications swiss journal of geosciences 131 1 2012 s 161 181 e emery d becker und j p berger the macromammalian fauna ungulata of rickenbach solothurn late chattian swiss molasse biostratigraphy paleoecology and paleoclimate abstracts 2nd swiss geoscience meeting lausanne 2004 1 1 2 costeur loïc balme christine legal stéphane 2009 07 23 early oligocene mammal tracks from southeastern france ichnos 16 4 257 267 bibcode 2009ichno 16 257c doi 10 1080 10420940902953197 issn 1042 0940 s2cid 129817630 1 2 micropalaeontology sedimentary environments and stratigraphy a tribute to dennis curry 1912 2001 whittaker j e curry d dennis hart m b micropalaeontological society geological society of london london published for the micropalaeontological society by the geological society 2010 isbn 9781862393059 oclc 641542429 cite book cs1 maint others link bernard ménouret und claude guérin diaceratherium massiliae nov sp des argiles oligocènes de saint andré et saint henri à marseille et de les milles près d aix en provence se de la france premier grand rhinocerotidae brachypode européen geobios 42 2009 s 293 327 lange badré brigitte böhme madelaine 2005 apterodon intermedius sp nov a new european creodont mammal from mp22 of espenhain germany annales de paléontologie 91 4 311 328 bibcode 2005anpal 91 311l doi 10 1016 j annpal 2005 08 001 antoine pierre olivier ducrocq stéphane marivaux laurent chaimanee yaowalak crochet jean yves jaeger jean jacques welcomme jean loup 2003 03 01 early rhinocerotids mammalia perissodactyla from south asia and a review of the holarctic paleogene rhinocerotid record canadian journal of earth sciences 40 3 365 374 bibcode 2003cajes 40 365a doi 10 1139 e02 101 issn 0008 4077 v t e perissodactyla kingdom animalia phylum chordata class mammalia order perissodactyla perissodactyla incertae sedis ghazijhippus olbitherium toxotherium brontotheriidae see brontotheriidae lambdotheriidae danjiangia gobihippus lambdotherium mesolambdolophus equoidea cymbalophus hallensia pliolophus systemodon equidae see equidae palaeotheriidae pachynolophinae anchilophus bepitherium eurohippus hyracotherium lijiangia lophiohippus lophiotherium metanchilophus orolophus pachynolophus paranchilophus propalaeotherium qianohippus palaeotheriinae cantabrotherium iberolophus idiodontherium leptolophus mekodontherium metaplagiolophus palaeotherium paraplagiolophus plagiolophus pseudopalaeotherium tapiromorpha see below tapiromorpha incertae sedis cambaylophus skopaiolophus isectolophidae aulaxolophus cardiolophus chowliia gandheralophus homogalax isectolophus kalakotia karagalax meridiolophus orientolophus sastrilophus ancylopoda see ancylopoda ceratomorpha tapiroidea deperetellidae bahinolophus cristidentinus deperetella diplolophodon irenolophus teleolophus helaletidae colodon desmatotherium dilophodon haagella helaletes heptodon irdinolophus paracolodon plesiocolopirus selenaletes thuliadanta vastanolophus lophialetidae breviodon eoletes lophialetes minchenoletes pataecops schlosseria simplaletes zhongjianoletes tapiridae eotapirus hesperaletes miotapirus nexuotapirus paratapirus plesiocolopirus plesiotapirus protapirus selenolophodon tapiravus tapiriscus tapirus rhinocerotoidea see below rhinocerotoidea rhinocerotoidea sensu lato breviodon fouchia minchenoletes siamolophus triplopus yimengia indolophidae indolophus rhinocerotoidea sensu stricto hyrachyus selenaletes eggysodontidae allacerops eggysodon guangnanodon proeggysodon hyracodontidae ardynia ephyrachyus epitriplophus hyracodon prohyracodon rhodopagus triplopides amynodontidae amynodon caenolophus gigantamynodon huananodon hypsamynodon lushiamynodon rostriamynodon sharamynodon teilhardia cadurcodontini amynodontopsis cadurcodon cadurcotherium zaisanamynodon metamynodontini megalamynodon metamynodon paramynodon sellamynodon paraceratheriidae forstercooperiinae forstercooperia gobicerops pappaceras paraceratheriinae aralotherium dzungariotherium juxia paraceratherium urtinotherium rhinocerotidae see below rhinocerotidae rhinocerotidae amphicaenopus epiaceratherium guixia teletaceras uintaceras woodoceras aceratheriinae aceratherium acerorhinus alicornops aphelops chilotheridium chilotherium floridaceras galushaceras hoploaceratherium mesaceratherium peraceras persiatherium plesiaceratherium ronzotherium shansirhinus sinorhinus subchilotherium elasmotheriinae gulfoceras victoriaceros diceratheriini diceratherium penetrigonias skinneroceras subhyracodon trigonias elasmotheriini bugtirhinus caementodon elasmotherium hispanotherium iranotherium kenyatherium meninatherium menoceras ninxiatherium ningxiatherium ougandatherium parelasmotherium procoelodonta sinotherium tongxinotherium rhinocerotinae dromoceratherium lartetotherium molassitherium protaceratherium teleoceratini aprotodon brachydiceratherium brachypotherium diaceratherium prosantorhinus shennongtherium teleoceras rhinocerotina dicerorhinini coelodonta dicerorhinus dihoplus pliorhinus stephanorhinus dicerotini ceratotherium diceros miodiceros paradiceros rhinocerotini gaindatherium nesorhinus rhinoceros rusingaceros taxon identifiers ronzotherium wikidata q3388673 gbif old 4830616 irmng 1022938 open tree of life 4942703 paleobiology database 43223 retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title ronzotherium oldid 1306808822 categories prehistoric placental genera prehistoric rhinoceroses eocene rhinoceroses oligocene rhinoceroses fossil taxa described in 1854 oligocene mammals of europe oligocene mammals of asia hidden categories articles with short description short description is different from wikidata articles with species microformats cs1 maint others this page was last edited on 19 august 2025 at 20 33 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search toggle the table of contents ronzotherium 5 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