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2 citations 4 references toggle the table of contents sms wacht 3 languages deutsch español 中文 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide coordinates 54 41 00 n 13 31 00 e 54 6833 n 13 5167 e 54 6833 13 5167 from wikipedia the free encyclopedia aviso of the german imperial navy wacht in 1899 history german empire name sms wacht builder ag weser laid down august 1886 launched 27 august 1887 commissioned 9 august 1888 fate sunk in collision 4 september 1901 general characteristics class type wacht class aviso displacement design 1 246 t 1 226 long tons full load 1 499 t 1 475 long tons length 85 8 m 281 ft 6 in o a beam 9 66 m 31 ft 8 in draft 3 74 m 12 ft 3 in installed power 4 locomotive boilers 4 000 ps 3 900 ihp propulsion 2 double expansion steam engines 2 screw propellers speed 19 knots 35 km h 22 mph range 2 440 nmi 4 520 km 2 810 mi at 9 knots 17 km h 10 mph complement 7 officers 134 enlisted men armament 3 10 5 cm 4 1 in k l 35 guns 3 35 cm 13 8 in torpedo tubes armor deck 10 mm 0 39 in conning tower 25 mm 0 98 in sms wacht was an aviso of the imperial german navy the lead ship of her class she had one sister ship jagd wacht was built by the ag weser shipyard she was laid down in 1886 launched in august 1887 and commissioned in august 1888 she served in the active fleet through the 1890s and participated in numerous training exercises her career was cut short on 4 september 1901 when she collided with the old ironclad sms sachsen the latter s ram bow holed wacht under the waterline and caused her to rapidly sink her crew was safely rescued however and there were no casualties design edit main article wacht class aviso plan and profile of the wacht class with the selection of general leo von caprivi to replace the former chief of the kaiserliche admiralität imperial admiralty albrecht von stosch in 1883 the navy began to experiment more seriously with torpedo armed warships along the lines of the jeune école caprivi was a proponent of cheaper torpedo boats and he directed that future avisos should forsake size and gun power in favor of higher speed and torpedo armament the wacht class was the first design prepared in accordance with caprivi s directives and it proved to be a failure owing to poor seakeeping as a result of its smaller size and a gun battery that was insufficient to allow them to engage comparable vessels in other fleets 1 2 wacht was 85 5 meters 281 ft long overall and had a beam of 9 66 m 31 7 ft and a maximum draft of 3 74 m 12 3 ft forward she displaced 1 246 metric tons 1 226 long tons as designed and up to 1 499 t 1 475 long tons at full load her propulsion system consisted of two angled 3 cylinder triple expansion engines steam for the engines was provided by four coal fired locomotive boilers the ship s propulsion system was rated for 4 000 metric horsepower 3 900 ihp and provided a top speed of 19 knots 35 km h 22 mph and a range of approximately 2 860 nautical miles 5 300 km 3 290 mi at 10 knots 19 km h 12 mph wacht had a crew of 7 officers and 134 enlisted men 3 as built the ship was armed with three 10 5 cm 4 1 in k l 35 guns placed in single pivot mounts the guns were supplied with a total of 180 rounds of ammunition wacht also carried three 35 cm 13 8 in torpedo tubes one mounted submerged in the bow and the other two in deck mounted launchers on the broadside in 1891 four 8 8 cm 3 5 in sk l 30 guns in single mounts were installed in place of the 10 5 cm guns the ship was the first german aviso to carry armor a 10 mm 0 39 in thick deck along with 25 mm 0 98 in of armor plating for the conning tower 3 4 service history edit construction 1892 edit wacht early in her career the keel for wacht was laid down in august 1886 at the ag weser shipyard in bremen under the provisional name e a she was launched on 27 august 1887 and vizeadmiral vice admiral alexander von monts the chief of the marinestation der nordsee north sea naval station christened the ship in early 1888 she was transferred to wilhelmshaven where her armament was installed and she was commissioned on 9 august to begin sea trials these concluded on 13 december in wilhelmshaven she was temporarily assigned to the newly created reserve division of the north sea over the winter of 1888 1889 before being transferred to kiel on 1 may to begin engine trials after which she was assigned to the maneuver squadron during training exercises with the squadron wacht suffered a burst boiler tube on 20 june that forced her to return to port for repairs in early august she joined the squadron for a visit to britain arriving back in wilhelmshaven on 31 august the fleet then conducted its annual large scale maneuvers after the maneuvers ended in september korvettenkapitän kk corvette captain friedrich von baudissin took command of the vessel 6 late in the year wacht joined a squadron of four old ironclads kaiser deutschland friedrich der grosse and preussen that escorted kaiser wilhelm ii and kaiserin augusta victoria aboard their yacht hohenzollern to greece for the wedding of princess sophie the kaiser s sister to constantine then the crown prince of the kingdom of greece prince heinrich also cruised with the squadron aboard the protected cruiser irene during the cruise the germans visited numerous ports in the mediterranean including state visits to italy the ottoman empire followed by the austro hungarian empire while in trieste in austria hungary the squadron was present for a naval review for the austro hungarian kaiser franz joseph i in muggia wacht developed boiler problems that necessitated repairs at the naval arsenal at pola she remained there until 29 january 1890 when she was able to get underway again she met the rest of the squadron in malta on 1 february but left for home independently arriving in wilhelmshaven on 22 february while the rest of the squadron remained in the mediterranean until april wacht had in the meantime been decommissioned there on 6 march 1 7 wacht in 1888 while out of service the ship underwent a thorough overhaul and had her gun armament replaced on 6 october 1891 she was recommissioned for sea trials that lasted until the end of february 1892 during this period her commander was kk hermann da fonseca wollheim she was assigned to ii division of the maneuver squadron on 8 march and kk ludwig borckenhagen relieved fonseca wollheim wacht thereafter taking part in exercises in the north sea off the coast of norway she was detached from the unit to escort hohenzollern from 4 to 8 june while wilhelm ii visited tsar nicholas ii of russia later in the year the ship had a minor collision with the artillery training ship mars borckenhagen left the ship in september and wacht was decommissioned on 12 october 6 1893 1901 edit wacht was recommissioned on 13 january 1893 initially serving as a training ship for engine and boiler room crews for torpedo boats kapitänleutnant captain lieutenant alfred ehrlich commanded the ship during the year in early march she was reassigned to serve as a flotilla leader for torpedo boats and in mid april she was once again detached to escort hohenzollern though this was the new yacht of that name while it was being taken from swinemünde to kiel while on the way the vessels encountered the flensburg flagged merchant ship ss electra that had run aground and wacht pulled her free and towed er to kiel ten days later the navy established i torpedo boat flotilla based in kiel wacht served as the flotilla leader and flagship of kk gustav schmidt the unit consisted of two divisions and included twelve torpedo boats in total the vessels conducted training maneuvers over the next two months and in early july wacht cruised with the maneuver squadron in the north sea the annual fleet maneuvers were held from 20 august to 23 september in the north and baltic seas and upon their conclusion i torpedo boat flotilla was dissolved for the year on 27 september wacht accompanied hohenzollern on her sea trials that included visits to gothenburg karlskrona and christiansand in sweden norway wacht then returned to wilhelmshaven where she was decommissioned on 11 october 8 the german fleet at anchor in 1896 the four sachsen class ironclads are at right and either wacht or jagd is at anchor in front left distance b in 1894 wacht was assigned to ii division of the maneuver squadron during this period the ships conducted a lengthy cruise in the north sea visiting ports in norway and the shetland islands from 3 april to late june while steaming out of kiel on 2 july wacht was accidentally rammed by the ironclad deutschland wacht had to enter the kaiserliche werft imperial shipyard in kiel for repairs that lasted until 23 july she took part in the annual fleet maneuvers from 19 august to 21 september after which she traded assignments with the aviso pfeil which had been the aviso for i division at the same time kk eduard holzhauer took command of the vessel wacht did not remain in service with the unit long owing to the poor condition of her engines and she was decommissioned in wilhelmshaven on 8 december for repairs 9 the ship remained out of service until 18 march 1896 when she was recommissioned under the command of kk carl friedrich being assigned to ii division eight days later by this time the maneuver squadron had been renamed i squadron the ships embarked on a cruise to the netherlands and norway that lasted until the end of the may squadron exercises followed in june and july and the fleet maneuvers were held from 9 august to 15 september during these exercises on 5 september wacht damaged her screws in a collision with the torpedo boat d5 forcing her to return to kiel for repairs though she was able to take part in the final stage of the maneuvers in the north sea she thereafter cruised through the kattegat in mid december to return to kiel where friedrich left the ship 10 on 1 january 1897 her crew was reduced though it was replenished on 1 march to take the ship back to wilhelmshaven in 1897 where on 4 may she was decommissioned again during that brief period in commission kk otto mandt commanded the vessel while out of service she was reclassified as a kleiner kreuzer small cruiser on 27 february 1899 she was recommissioned on 6 april to replace the aviso greif in ii division while on maneuvers at the end of the month she damaged one of her screws squadron exercises followed in july and in august the annual fleet maneuvers began wacht served as a fleet scout during the exercises until 12 september when she suffered a boiler explosion that killed four men and injured another five the ironclad bayern towed her to kiel for temporary repairs before she was transferred to wilhelmshaven there she was decommissioned on 27 september 10 loss edit wacht was recommissioned on 11 august 1901 under the command of kk hugo von cotzhausen and was assigned to i scouting group six days later the unit operated with ii squadron in the north sea in august and on the last day of the month the fleet maneuvers began in the baltic while the ships were steaming through danzig bay on 4 september the fleet commander ordered wacht and the small cruiser hela to pass from the seaward side of the line to the other so that signals from the ships could be relayed to shore wacht attempted to pass between the ironclads sachsen and württemberg but wacht s helmsman misjudged the distance and passed too closely in front of sachsen sachsen immediately attempted to reverse course to avoid ramming the ship but the two vessels collided sachsen s ram bow tore a large hole in wacht s port side which began to slowly sink the battleship weissenburg attempted to tow wacht to shallow water but several of wacht s internal bulkheads collapsed under the strain and the ship quickly sank nevertheless her crew was taken off safely neither ship suffered any casualties the navy later attempted to raise the ship which had sunk at a depth of more than 40 m 130 ft but the efforts proved fruitless a court martial was held for cotzhausen on 8 october who was acquitted of any wrong doing in the accident 9 11 footnotes edit notes edit german warships were ordered under provisional names additions to the fleet were given a single letter ships intended to replace older or lost vessels were ordered as ersatz name of the ship to be replaced 5 not the vessel underway directly ahead of the ironclads citations edit 1 2 hildebrand röhr steinmetz p 60 sondhaus pp 158 159 1 2 gröner pp 95 96 hildebrand röhr steinmetz p 59 dodson pp 8 9 1 2 hildebrand röhr steinmetz pp 59 60 sondhaus p 179 hildebrand röhr steinmetz pp 59 61 1 2 hildebrand röhr steinmetz p 61 1 2 hildebrand röhr steinmetz pp 59 61 naval notes germany pp 1505 1506 references edit dodson aidan 2016 the kaiser s battlefleet german capital ships 1871 1918 barnsley seaforth publishing isbn 978 1 84832 229 5 gröner erich 1990 german warships 1815 1945 vol i major surface vessels annapolis naval institute press isbn 978 0 87021 790 6 hildebrand hans h röhr albert steinmetz hans otto 1993 die deutschen kriegsschiffe biographien ein spiegel der marinegeschichte von 1815 bis zur gegenwart the german warships biographies a reflection of naval history from 1815 to the present in german vol 8 ratingen mundus verlag naval notes germany r u s i journal 45 london royal united services institute for defence studies 1501 1508 1901 sondhaus lawrence 1997 preparing for weltpolitik german sea power before the tirpitz era annapolis naval institute press isbn 978 1 55750 745 7 v t e wacht class avisos wacht jagd preceded by sms greif followed by meteor class list of avisos of germany v t e shipwrecks and maritime incidents in 1901 shipwrecks 22 feb city of rio de janeiro 17 mar bee 10 apr usat rawlins 20 apr karagola 26 jun lusitania 15 jul blanche 29 jul sagamore 3 aug hms viper 15 aug islander 26 aug oakland 4 sep sms wacht 19 sep hms cobra 20 sep ss fedora 2 oct m m drake 14 nov beauchamp 4 dec c h wheeler unknown date hms scorpion other incidents 15 jan vigilancia 11 feb oakland 17 apr hms centurion hms glory 2 jun mataafa 27 jul oakland jul unknown date virawa 1 sep cromartyshire 4 sep sms sachsen 27 oct hms repulse 9 nov hms royal sovereign tijuca 1900 1902 54 41 00 n 13 31 00 e 54 6833 n 13 5167 e 54 6833 13 5167 retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title sms_wacht oldid 1374730683 categories wacht class avisos 1887 ships ships built in bremen state maritime incidents in 1901 shipwrecks of germany ships sunk in collisions naval ships commissioned in 1888 hidden categories use shortened footnotes from october 2022 articles with short description short description i...