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ss vespasian wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 eastern prince 2 marine turbine flexibility and efficiency 3 vespasian 4 fate 5 references 6 bibliography toggle the table of contents ss vespasian add languages add links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia experimental ship driven by steam turbines with reduction gearing history united kingdom name 1887 eastern prince 1908 vespasian namesake 1908 vespasian owner 1887 prince ss co 1899 prince line 1908 watson watson 1908 vespasian ss co 1913 cairns noble operator 1887 james knott 1908 parsons mst co port of registry newcastle upon tyne route 1908 newcastle rotterdam builder short brothers pallion yard number 172 launched 17 september 1887 refit overhauled re engined 1908 identification uk official number 92869 code letters kplb fate scrapped 1914 general characteristics type collier tonnage 1887 2 147 grt 1 408 nrt 1892 2 147 grt 1 378 nrt displacement 4 350 tons length 292 6 ft 89 2 m beam 39 0 ft 11 9 m depth 18 9 ft 5 8 m installed power 1887 triple expansion engine 228 nhp 1908 steam turbines 200 ihp propulsion 1 screw notes turbines salvaged for lord byron ss vespasian was a steel hulled cargo steamship that was built in sunderland in 1887 as eastern prince renamed vespasian in 1908 and scrapped in newcastle upon tyne in 1914 in 1908 the parsons marine steam turbine company converted her to steam turbine propulsion she is notable as the first ship in the world whose turbines drove her propeller by reduction gearing instead of direct drive eastern prince edit short brothers of sunderland built eastern prince in pallion sunderland launching her on 17 september 1887 her registered length was 292 6 ft 89 2 m her beam was 39 0 ft 11 9 m and her depth was 18 9 ft 5 8 m her tonnages were 2 147 grt and 1 408 nrt 1 she had a clipper bow and clipper stern two masts and one funnel as built eastern prince had a three cylinder triple expansion steam engine built by george clark of southwick 2 eastern prince was built for the prince steam shipping company which was managed by james knott of newcastle in 1892 her net register tonnage was revised to 1 378 3 in 1899 her ownership was transferred to prince line under the same management in 1908 wilson and wilson of newcastle bought her but in the same year sold her on to the parsons marine steam turbine company 2 marine turbine flexibility and efficiency edit all of the earliest steam turbine ships including turbinia 1894 hms viper 1899 ts king edward 1901 rms victorian 1904 rms carmania 1905 and rms lusitania 1906 had direct drive from their turbines to their propellers this meant that their propellers ran at turbine speed which was much faster than the speed of reciprocating marine steam engines direct drive turbine ships used more coal and water than steamships with reciprocating engines and they were suitable only for services in which they could sustain speeds of 16 knots 30 km h or more early in the 20th century all cargo ships and most passenger ships sailed at less than 16 knots 30 km h 4 parsons sought a way for turbines to propel slower ships efficiently in 1897 a 22 foot 6 7 m steam launch was built with a single turbine driving twin propellers via helical reduction gearing her turbine ran at 20 000 rpm and the reduction gear ratio was 14 to 1 5 but it was not until 1908 that parsons scaled up the concept to be applied to a ship vespasian edit vespansian s turbines seen in longitudinal section and from above the parsons company renamed the ship vespasian thoroughly overhauled her and tested her triple expansion engine for coal and water consumption parsons replaced the engine with twin steam turbines that drove her propeller shaft by reduction gearing she kept the same boilers propeller and propeller shaft 5 parsons found that the turbine used 15 percent less coal than the triple expansion engine parsons then altered her propeller which increased the fuel saving to 22 percent 6 the turbines also used less water than her triple expansion engine 7 the turbines ran at 1 400 rpm and drove her propeller shaft at 70 rpm 6 via single reduction gearing 8 the parsons company ran vespasian as a collier carrying coal from newcastle to rotterdam by 1911 she had covered 20 000 nautical miles 37 000 km in all weathers and delivered 90 000 tons of coal 9 fate edit maid of sparta the former lord byron in 1913 cairns noble bought vespasian for her turbines vespasian was scrapped in newcastle in the first half of 1914 2 william doxford sons installed the turbines in the cargo ship lord byron which was launched in 1916 and completed in 1917 in 1928 lord byron was renamed maid of sparta the turbines survived until 1931 when the ship was re engined with a triple expansion engine and renamed nicolaos g culucundis 10 references edit mercantile navy list 1888 p 58 1 2 3 eastern prince wear built ships shipping and shipbuilding research trust retrieved 6 march 2021 mercantile navy list 1892 p 86 parsons 1911 p 42 1 2 parsons 1911 p 48 1 2 parsons 1911 p 49 parsons 1911 p 51 parsons 1911 p 52 parsons 1911 pp 52 53 lord byron wear built ships shipping and shipbuilding research trust retrieved 6 march 2021 bibliography edit neal william george ed 1 october 1887 launches and trial runs the marine engineer 9 7 london 251 retrieved 8 march 2021 parsons charles a 1911 the steam turbine the rede lecture cambridge cambridge university press via wikisource parsons charles a april 1910 the application of the marine steam turbine and mechanical gearing to merchant ships the marine engineer and naval architect 32 london the marine engineer 340 344 retrieved 8 march 2021 registrar general of shipping and seamen 1888 mercantile navy list board of trade retrieved 6 march 2021 via crew list index project registrar general of shipping and seamen 1892 mercantile navy list board of trade retrieved 6 march 2021 via crew list index project retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title ss_vespasian oldid 1327933209 categories 1887 ships cargo ships of the united kingdom experimental ships ships built on the river wear steam turbine powered ships steamships of the united kingdom hidden categories articles with short description short description matches wikidata use dmy dates from march 2021 use british english from march 2021 all wikipedia articles written in british english ship infoboxes without an image this page was last edited on 16 december 2025 at 23 16 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search toggle the table of contents ss vespasian add languages add topic