Meta tags:

Headings (most frequently used words):

and, staphylococcus, contents, taxonomy, phylogeny, characteristics, identification, coagulase, production, genomics, molecular, biology, ecology, host, associations, clinical, significance, see, also, references, external, links,

Text of the page (most frequently used words):
the (55), and (51), #staphylococcus (34), species (24), aureus (19), with (16), edit (14), genus (14), coagulase (12), doi (11), from (10), pmid (9), are (9), 2026 (8), infections (8), can (8), wikipedia (7), august (7), bacteria (7), retrieved (7), resistant (7), gtdb (7), taxonomy (7), also (7), cause (7), pmc (6), genes (6), staphylococci (6), for (6), associated (6), page (5), staphylococcaceae (5), positive (5), other (5), lpsn (5), clinical (5), among (5), mammaliicoccus (5), names (5), infection (5), have (5), contents (4), search (4), mobile (4), this (4), commons (4), was (4), wikidata (4), gram (4), tree (4), related (4), links (4), journal (4), virulence (4), 1128 (4), microbiology (4), genome (4), negative (4), family (4), five (4), methicillin (4), host (4), epidermidis (4), skin (4), strains (4), main (4), been (4), cells (4), not (4), identification (4), clusters (4), hide (4), move (4), sidebar (4), view (3), non (3), wikimedia (3), articles (3), containing (3), short (3), ncbi (3), wikispecies (3), pathogens (3), community (3), 1980 (3), gene (3), elements (3), r11 (3), rs232 (3), database (3), disease (3), nomenclature (3), mrsa (3), biology (3), see (3), opportunistic (3), devices (3), lugdunensis (3), saprophyticus (3), article (3), staphylococcal (3), members (3), associations (3), molecular (3), activity (3), condimenti (3), used (3), described (3), hyicus (3), chromogenes (3), agnetis (3), schweitzeri (3), pseudintermedius (3), lutrae (3), intermedius (3), delphini (3), cornubiensis (3), coagulans (3), argenteus (3), characteristics (3), here (3), rosenbach (3), tools (3), languages (2), toggle (2), table (2), contact (2), about (2), privacy (2), policy (2), text (2), terms (2), may (2), categories (2), link (2), ancient (2), greek (2), description (2), pathogenic (2), genera (2), data (2), national (2), control (2), external (2), 2014 (2), 1371 (2), plos (2), factors (2), sepsis (2), cmr (2), reviews (2), 2013 (2), one (2), variation (2), microbial (2), floral (2), nectar (2), transfer (2), msphere (2), evolutionary (2), april (2), methods (2), information (2), browser (2), 2020 (2), phylogenomic (2), heterotypic (2), taxonomic (2), formal (2), friedrich (2), list (2), prokaryotic (2), standing (2), references (2), portal (2), bloodstream (2), contribute (2), tissue (2), immune (2), cell (2), which (2), but (2), implanted (2), carried (2), medical (2), collectively (2), known (2), healthcare (2), serious (2), patients (2), those (2), significance (2), occur (2), commonly (2), restricted (2), animal (2), ecology (2), antimicrobial (2), resistance (2), including (2), genomics (2), that (2), phenotypic (2), includes (2), commensal (2), bacterial (2), plasma (2), whereas (2), characteristic (2), distinguish (2), production (2), catalase (2), most (2), facultatively (2), anaerobic (2), muscae (2), rostri (2), americanisciuri (2), microti (2), ratti (2), canis (2), felis (2), schleiferi (2), massiliensis (2), simulans (2), piscifermentans (2), debuckii (2), carnosus (2), hominis (2), petrasii (2), pragensis (2), croceilyticus (2), caledonicus (2), devriesei (2), taiwanensis (2), haemolyticus (2), borealis (2), simiae (2), pasteuri (2), warneri (2), saccharolyticus (2), capitis (2), caprae (2), auricularis (2), marylandisciuri (2), argensis (2), pettenkoferi (2), arlettae (2), durrellii (2), lloydii (2), kloosii (2), hsinchuensis (2), succinus (2), gallinarum (2), nepalensis (2), cohnii (2), equorum (2), xylosus (2), shinii (2), pseudoxylosus (2), caeli (2), edaphicus (2), 120 (2), marker (2), proteins (2), version (2), named (2), correct (2), corresponding (2), phylogeny (2), established (2), vitulinus (2), stepanovicii (2), sciuri (2), lentus (2), fleurettii (2), type (2), meaning (2), clustered (2), 1884 (2), approved (2), lists (2), confused (2), appearance (2), upload (2), file (2), changes (2), history (2), read (2), english (2), norsk (2), bahasa (2), беларуская (2), log (2), create (2), account (2), donate (2), menu (2), add, topic, cookie, statement, statistics, developers, code, conduct, legal, safety, contacts, disclaimers, available, under, additional, apply, using, site, you, agree, registered, trademark, profit, organization, foundation, inc, use, creative, attribution, sharealike, license, rendered, parsoid, last, edited, utc, hidden, category, 1453, language, microformats, matches, https, org, index, php, title, oldid, 1369410551, yale, lux, israel, latvia, spain, czech, republic, japan, bnf, france, united, states, authority, databases, 416009, worms, seqcode, registry, 19784, 720488, open, life, nzor, 6b5535fe, b96b, 48b5, 9d70, a268b72efa29, 1279, 359, itis, 1032605, irmng, 337774, inaturalist, old, 3227654, gbif, 1stapg, eppo, 83232, eol, 7ly9, col, q199695, taxon, identifiers, media, powers, michael, wardenburg, juliane, bubeck, e1003871, 24550724, 3923759, ppat, 1003871, igniting, fire, pathogenesis, tong, steven, davis, joshua, eichenberger, emily, holland, thomas, fowler, vance, 2015, 661, 26016486, 4451395, 00134, 603, epidemiology, pathophysiology, manifestations, management, jacquemyn, lenaerts, brys, willems, honnay, lievens, e56917, 23536759, 3594240, pone, 0056917, 2013ploso, 856917j, bibcode, population, structure, bee, pollinated, forest, herb, pulmonaria, officinalis, kloos, wesley, natural, populations, 592, 7002032, 1146, annurev, 100180, 003015, 559, annual, review, chan, beiko, ragan, 2011, 3977, 21622749, 3147504, 01524, 3964, 193, bacteriology, lateral, fragments, extends, beyond, kuroda, makoto, ohta, toshiko, uchiyama, ikuo, 2001, whole, sequencing, meticillin, 9264, 1240, 11418146, 1016, s0140, 6736, 04403, 1225, 357, lancet, pickering, amy, yebra, gonzalo, gong, xiangyu, 2021, e00381, 34346700, 00381, functional, analysis, positivity, becker, heilmann, peters, 926, 25278577, 4187637, 00109, 870, forum, announcing, bac120_r232, sp_labels, center, biotechnology, madhaiyan, munusamy, wirth, joseph, saravanan, venkatakrishnan, sivaraj, analyses, suggest, reclassification, within, synonyms, promotion, subspecies, novel, reassignment, gen, nov, assignment, nosocomiicoccus, 5936, 33052802, 1099, ijsem, 004498, 5926, international, systematic, 2024, centers, prevention, basics, licitra, giancarlo, 1553, 3201, eid1909, et1909, emerging, infectious, diseases, etymologia, götz, bannerman, tammy, schleifer, karl, heinz, 2006, vol, springer, 7120318, 1007, 387, 30744, 3_1, prokaryotes, macrococcus, leibniz, institute, dsmz, vrsa, vancomycin, adhesion, evasion, injury, inflammation, altered, coagulation, loss, vascular, integrity, culminate, septic, shock, often, components, normal, particularly, invasive, urinary, tract, catheters, microbiota, asymptomatically, nose, soft, settings, risk, increased, intensive, care, weakened, systems, undergoing, certain, operations, indwelling, osteomyelitis, endocarditis, pneumonia, foods, environmental, habitats, example, detected, communities, colonize, mucosal, surfaces, mammals, birds, range, relatively, broad, more, some, stained, unidentified, numbered, scale, divisions, apart, comparative, genomic, studies, documented, extensive, accessory, contributes, distribution, affects, outside, recognized, horizontal, complete, sequences, n315, mu50, revealed, chromosomes, numerous, genetic, routinely, produce, called, cons, grouping, rather, than, group, both, opportunistically, wide, study, found, coagulated, least, six, tested, plasmas, had, previously, considered, observed, phenotype, varied, strain, source, across, principally, binding, protein, classical, staphylocoagulase, complex, von, willebrand, factor, ability, important, groups, nine, conventionally, variable, clotting, laboratory, biochemical, reactions, then, assist, closely, require, reliable, maldi, tof, mass, spectrometry, enterococci, streptococci, thick, wall, although, physiological, vary, many, tolerate, elevated, salt, concentrations, teichoic, acids, peptidoglycan, based, following, pruned, reference, release, inferred, whose, treated, unnamed, letter, suffixed, lacking, cluster, shown, were, transferred, newly, currently, treats, synonym, therefore, retains, continue, recognize, separate, follows, recognizes, contains, organisms, humans, animals, well, such, antibiotic, mucous, membranes, name, derives, words, bunch, grapes, berry, grain, referring, cellular, arrangement, first, cocci, surgical, subsequently, distinguished, organism, now, julius, abscess, pus, alexander, ogston, kokkos, κόκκος, staphylē, σταφυλή, singly, pairs, tetrads, chains, characteristically, irregular, grape, like, forming, spore, motile, spherical, xeri, ursi, parequorum, halotolerans, dromedarii, caseorum, casei, brunensis, caryophanales, order, bacilli, class, bacillota, phylum, bacillati, kingdom, domain, scientific, classification, scanning, electron, micrograph, caused, these, staph, redirects, staff, streptococcus, free, encyclopedia, item, projects, printable, download, pdf, print, export, switch, legacy, parser, get, shortened, url, cite, permanent, what, general, actions, talk, winaray, tiếng, việt, oʻzbekcha, ўзбекча, українська, türkçe, ไทย, తెలుగు, svenska, српски, srpski, slovenščina, slovenčina, simple, srpskohrvatski, српскохрватски, scots, саха, тыла, русский, română, português, polski, occitan, bokmål, nynorsk, nederlands, melayu, മലയാളം, македонски, ລາວ, latina, кыргызча, 한국어, ქართული, 日本語, italiano, íslenska, indonesia, հայերեն, magyar, hrvatski, हिन्दी, עברית, galego, gaeilge, français, suomi, فارسی, euskara, eesti, español, esperanto, ελληνικά, deutsch, čeština, کوردی, català, বাংলা, български, тарашкевіца, مصرى, العربية, top, personal, special, pages, recent, learn, help, random, current, events, navigation, jump, content,

Text of the page (random words):
staphylococcus wikipedia jump to content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 taxonomy 2 phylogeny 3 characteristics and identification 4 coagulase production 5 genomics and molecular biology 6 ecology and host associations 7 clinical significance 8 see also 9 references 10 external links toggle the table of contents staphylococcus 63 languages العربية مصرى беларуская тарашкевіца беларуская български বাংলা català کوردی čeština deutsch ελληνικά esperanto español eesti euskara فارسی suomi français gaeilge galego עברית हिन्दी hrvatski magyar հայերեն bahasa indonesia íslenska italiano 日本語 ქართული 한국어 кыргызча latina ລາວ македонски മലയാളം bahasa melayu nederlands norsk nynorsk norsk bokmål occitan polski português română русский саха тыла scots srpskohrvatski српскохрватски simple english slovenčina slovenščina српски srpski svenska తెలుగు ไทย türkçe українська oʻzbekcha ўзбекча tiếng việt winaray 吴语 粵語 中文 edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikispecies wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia genus of gram positive bacteria not to be confused with streptococcus staph redirects here not to be confused with staff for infections caused by these bacteria see staphylococcal infection staphylococcus scanning electron micrograph of clustered s aureus cells scientific classification domain bacteria kingdom bacillati phylum bacillota class bacilli order caryophanales family staphylococcaceae genus staphylococcus rosenbach 1884 approved lists 1980 1 type species staphylococcus aureus rosenbach 1884 approved lists 1980 species 1 s agnetis s americanisciuri s argensis s argenteus s arlettae s aureus s auricularis s borealis s brunensis s caeli s caledonicus s canis s capitis s caprae s carnosus s casei s caseorum s chromogenes s coagulans s cohnii s condimenti s cornubiensis s croceilyticus s debuckii s delphini s devriesei s dromedarii s durrellii s edaphicus s epidermidis s equorum s felis s fleurettii s gallinarum s haemolyticus s halotolerans s hominis s hsinchuensis s hyicus s intermedius s kloosii s lentus s lloydii s lugdunensis s lutrae s marylandisciuri s massiliensis s microti s muscae s nepalensis s parequorum s pasteuri s petrasii s pettenkoferi s piscifermentans s pragensis s pseudintermedius s pseudoxylosus s ratti s rostri s saccharolyticus s saprophyticus s schleiferi s schweitzeri s sciuri s shinii s simiae s simulans s stepanovicii s succinus s taiwanensis s ursi s vitulinus s warneri s xeri s xylosus staphylococcus is a genus of gram positive spherical bacteria in the family staphylococcaceae cells occur singly in pairs tetrads short chains and characteristically in irregular grape like clusters most species are non motile non spore forming and facultatively anaerobic 2 the name derives from the ancient greek words σταφυλή staphylē meaning bunch of grapes and κόκκος kokkos meaning berry or grain referring to the characteristic cellular arrangement alexander ogston first described clustered cocci in pus from a surgical abscess and friedrich julius rosenbach subsequently established the genus and distinguished s aureus from the organism now known as s epidermidis 3 the genus contains commensal organisms of the skin and mucous membranes of humans and other animals as well as opportunistic pathogens 2 s aureus can cause community and healthcare associated infections and antibiotic resistant strains such as methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus mrsa can cause serious disease 4 taxonomy edit the nomenclature used here follows the list of prokaryotic names with standing in nomenclature lpsn the type species is staphylococcus aureus and lpsn recognizes 76 species with correct names in the genus 1 in 2020 five species were transferred to the newly established genus mammaliicoccus m fleurettii m lentus m sciuri m stepanovicii and m vitulinus 5 lpsn currently treats mammaliicoccus as a heterotypic synonym of staphylococcus and therefore retains the corresponding staphylococcus names whereas the ncbi taxonomy database and gtdb continue to recognize mammaliicoccus as a separate genus 1 6 7 phylogeny edit the following phylogenomic tree is a pruned version of the bacterial reference tree from gtdb release r11 rs232 inferred from 120 marker proteins 8 9 7 it includes named gtdb species clusters whose names are treated as correct by lpsn 1 unnamed clusters letter suffixed gtdb clusters and species lacking a corresponding named cluster are not shown 120 marker proteins based gtdb r11 rs232 staphylococcus s saprophyticus s edaphicus s caeli s pseudoxylosus s shinii s xylosus s equorum s cohnii s nepalensis s gallinarum s succinus s hsinchuensis s kloosii s lloydii s durrellii s arlettae s pettenkoferi s argensis s marylandisciuri s auricularis s caprae s capitis s epidermidis s saccharolyticus s warneri s pasteuri s argenteus s aureus s schweitzeri s simiae s borealis s haemolyticus s taiwanensis s devriesei s caledonicus s croceilyticus s pragensis s petrasii s hominis s lugdunensis s condimenti s carnosus s debuckii s piscifermentans s simulans s massiliensis s delphini s intermedius s pseudintermedius s cornubiensis s lutrae s coagulans s schleiferi s felis s canis s hyicus s agnetis s ratti s chromogenes s microti s americanisciuri s rostri s muscae characteristics and identification edit staphylococcus cells have a thick peptidoglycan cell wall containing teichoic acids most members are catalase positive and facultatively anaerobic although physiological characteristics vary among species many species also tolerate elevated salt concentrations 2 in the laboratory catalase activity is commonly used to distinguish staphylococci from streptococci and enterococci coagulase and other biochemical reactions can then assist with species identification closely related species may require molecular methods or maldi tof mass spectrometry for reliable identification 10 coagulase production edit coagulase activity the ability to cause plasma clotting is an important phenotypic characteristic used to distinguish groups of staphylococci nine species have conventionally been described as coagulase positive s argenteus s aureus s coagulans s cornubiensis s delphini s intermedius s lutrae s pseudintermedius and s schweitzeri s agnetis s chromogenes and s hyicus have been described as coagulase variable 11 a genus wide study found that 13 species coagulated at least one of six tested animal plasmas including s condimenti which had previously been considered coagulase negative the observed phenotype varied with the bacterial species strain and source of the plasma across the genus activity was associated principally with von willebrand factor binding protein whereas the classical staphylocoagulase gene was restricted to the s aureus complex 11 species that do not routinely produce coagulase are collectively called coagulase negative staphylococci cons this is a phenotypic grouping rather than a formal taxonomic group and includes both commensal and opportunistically pathogenic species 10 genomics and molecular biology edit complete genome sequences for the methicillin resistant s aureus strains n315 and mu50 revealed chromosomes containing numerous genes associated with virulence and antimicrobial resistance including genes carried by mobile genetic elements 12 comparative genomic studies have documented extensive variation in accessory genes among staphylococcal strains horizontal gene transfer contributes to the distribution of antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes and also affects genes outside recognized mobile elements 13 ecology and host associations edit gram stained cells of an unidentified staphylococcus species numbered scale divisions are 11 μm apart members of staphylococcus commonly colonize the skin and mucosal surfaces of mammals and birds host associations range from relatively broad to more restricted and some animal associated species are also opportunistic pathogens 14 11 staphylococci also occur in foods and environmental habitats 2 members of the genus have for example been detected in floral nectar microbial communities 15 clinical significance edit main article staphylococcal infection staphylococcus aureus can be carried asymptomatically on the skin or in the nose but can also cause skin and soft tissue infections bloodstream infections pneumonia endocarditis osteomyelitis and infections associated with implanted medical devices 4 16 methicillin resistant strains are collectively known as mrsa in healthcare settings the risk of serious infection is increased among patients in intensive care patients with weakened immune systems those undergoing certain operations and those with indwelling medical devices 4 coagulase negative species are often components of the normal microbiota but can cause opportunistic infections s epidermidis is associated particularly with infections of catheters and other implanted devices s saprophyticus is a cause of urinary tract infection and s lugdunensis can cause invasive disease 10 in bloodstream infection s aureus virulence factors contribute to tissue adhesion immune evasion host cell injury inflammation altered coagulation and loss of vascular integrity which can culminate in sepsis and septic shock 17 see also edit biology portal methicillin resistant s aureus mrsa vancomycin resistant s aureus vrsa references edit 1 2 3 4 5 genus staphylococcus list of prokaryotic names with standing in nomenclature leibniz institute dsmz retrieved 14 august 2026 1 2 3 4 götz friedrich bannerman tammy schleifer karl heinz 2006 the genera staphylococcus and macrococcus the prokaryotes vol 4 springer pp 5 75 doi 10 1007 0 387 30744 3_1 pmc 7120318 licitra giancarlo 2013 etymologia staphylococcus emerging infectious diseases 19 9 1553 doi 10 3201 eid1909 et1909 1 2 3 staphylococcus aureus basics centers for disease control and prevention 15 april 2024 retrieved 14 august 2026 madhaiyan munusamy wirth joseph s saravanan venkatakrishnan sivaraj 2020 phylogenomic analyses of the staphylococcaceae family suggest the reclassification of five species within the genus staphylococcus as heterotypic synonyms the promotion of five subspecies to novel species the taxonomic reassignment of five staphylococcus species to mammaliicoccus gen nov and the formal assignment of nosocomiicoccus to the family staphylococcaceae international journal of systematic and evolutionary microbiology 70 11 5926 5936 doi 10 1099 ijsem 0 004498 pmid 33052802 taxonomy browser mammaliicoccus ncbi taxonomy browser national center for biotechnology information retrieved 14 august 2026 1 2 bac120_r232 sp_labels tree genome taxonomy database retrieved 14 august 2026 methods genome taxonomy database retrieved 14 august 2026 announcing gtdb r11 rs232 gtdb forum 15 april 2026 retrieved 14 august 2026 1 2 3 becker k heilmann c peters g 2014 coagulase negative staphylococci clinical microbiology reviews 27 4 870 926 doi 10 1128 cmr 00109 13 pmc 4187637 pmid 25278577 1 2 3 pickering amy c yebra gonzalo gong xiangyu et al 2021 evolutionary and functional analysis of coagulase positivity among the staphylococci msphere 6 4 e00381 21 doi 10 1128 msphere 00381 21 pmid 34346700 kuroda makoto ohta toshiko uchiyama ikuo et al 2001 whole genome sequencing of meticillin resistant staphylococcus aureus the lancet 357 9264 1225 1240 doi 10 1016 s0140 6736 00 04403 2 pmid 11418146 chan cx beiko rg ragan ma 2011 lateral transfer of genes and gene fragments in staphylococcus extends beyond mobile elements journal of bacteriology 193 15 3964 3977 doi 10 1128 jb 01524 10 pmc 3147504 pmid 21622749 kloos wesley e 1980 natural populations of the genus staphylococcus annual review of microbiology 34 559 592 doi 10 1146 annurev mi 34 100180 003015 pmid 7002032 jacquemyn h lenaerts m brys r willems k honnay o lievens b 2013 among population variation in microbial community structure in the floral nectar of the bee pollinated forest herb pulmonaria officinalis l plos one 8 3 e56917 bibcode 2013ploso 856917j doi 10 1371 journal pone 0056917 pmc 3594240 pmid 23536759 tong steven y c davis joshua s eichenberger emily holland thomas l fowler vance g 2015 staphylococcus aureus infections epidemiology pathophysiology clinical manifestations and management clinical microbiology reviews 28 3 603 661 doi 10 1128 cmr 00134 14 pmc 4451395 pmid 26016486 powers michael e wardenburg juliane bubeck 2014 igniting the fire staphylococcus aureus virulence factors in the pathogenesis of sepsis plos pathogens 10 2 e1003871 doi 10 1371 journal ppat 1003871 pmc 3923759 pmid 24550724 external links edit media related to staphylococcus at wikimedia commons data related to staphylococcus at wikispecies taxon identifiers staphylococcus wikidata q199695 wikispecies staphylococcus col 7ly9 eol 83232 eppo 1stapg gbif old 3227654 inaturalist 337774 irmng 1032605 itis 359 lpsn staphylococcus ncbi 1279 nzor 6b5535fe b96b 48b5 9d70 a268b72efa29 open tree of life 720488 seqcode registry 19784 worms 416009 authority control databases national united states france bnf data japan czech republic spain latvia israel other yale lux retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title staphylococcus oldid 1369410551 categories staphylococcus bacteria genera gram positive bacteria pathogenic bacteria staphylococcaceae hidden categories articles with short description short description matches wikidata articles with species microformats articles containing ancient greek to 1453 language text commons category link from wikidata this page was last edited on 14 august 2026 at 20 22 utc page was rendered with parsoid text is available under the creative commons attribution sharealike 4 0 license additional terms may apply by using this site you agree to the terms of use and privacy policy wikipedia is a registered trademark of the wikimedia foundation inc a non profit organization privacy policy about wikipedia disclaimers contact wikipedia legal safety contacts code of conduct developers statistics cookie statement mobile view search search toggle the table of contents staphylococcus 63 languages add topic