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content main menu main menu move to sidebar hide navigation main page contents current events random article about wikipedia contact us contribute help learn to edit community portal recent changes upload file special pages search search appearance donate create account log in personal tools donate create account log in contents move to sidebar hide top 1 origin 2 description 3 usage 4 gallery 5 see also 6 notes 7 references 8 bibliography 9 external links toggle the table of contents crowns of mary of modena 7 languages español עברית italiano português română русский ไทย edit links article talk english read edit view history tools tools move to sidebar hide actions read edit view history general what links here related changes upload file permanent link page information cite this page get shortened url switch to legacy parser print export download as pdf printable version in other projects wikimedia commons wikidata item appearance move to sidebar hide from wikipedia the free encyclopedia redirected from state crown of mary of modena part of the british crown jewels crowns of mary of modena the state crown of mary of modena details country united kingdom made 1685 owner charles iii in right of the crown weight 700 g 1 5 lb arches 4 material gold cap purple velvet with an ermine band other elements silver pearls diamonds successors nuptial crown of queen charlotte the crowns of mary of modena are two consort crowns and a diadem made in 1685 for mary of modena queen of england scotland and ireland they were used by queens consort and queens regnant until the end of the 18th century the state crown and the diadem are on display in the jewel house at the tower of london while the coronation crown is owned by the museum of london origin edit traditionally when a king is married his wife is crowned as queen at their coronation ceremony 1 in 1649 the monarchy was abolished after a long civil war between charles i and his parliament and the crown jewels were either sold or turned into coins by the mint 2 the coronation of mary of modena and her husband james ii and vii marked the first time a queen was crowned after the restoration of the monarchy charles ii having been unmarried when he took the throne in 1660 3 three pieces of headgear were made for the queen a diadem to wear in procession to westminster abbey a coronation crown for the crowning and a state crown to wear upon leaving the abbey 4 made by richard de beauvoir the state crown was covered in diamonds valued at 35 000 and the bill for hiring them was 1 000 5 she paid for the crowns and diadem out of her own pocket and also commissioned two new sceptres and a coronation ring for the ceremony 6 description edit the gold state crown originally had 523 small diamonds 38 large diamonds and 129 large pearls these have been replaced with quartz crystals it is 19 centimetres 7 5 in tall and weighs 700 grams 1 5 lb 4 the crown is decorated with crosses pattée and fleurs de lis and has four half arches surmounted with a monde and cross pattée mary s diadem was set with 177 diamonds 78 pearls 1 sapphire 1 emerald and 1 ruby it now contains artificial gemstones and cultured pearls 3 it is 8 centimetres 3 1 in tall and weighs 300 grams 0 66 lb 4 originally the coronation crown weighed 600 grams 1 3 lb and was set with 419 diamonds 46 large pearls 7 rubies 7 sapphires and 2 emeralds 7 the queen s diadem circle or circlet the queen s coronation crown the queen s state crown or rich crown the three crowns created for mary s 1685 coronation published in francis sandford s 1687 account of the coronation of james ii and mary 8 usage edit the coronation crown was subsequently used by queens regnant mary ii and anne and by queens consort caroline of ansbach 9 and charlotte of mecklenburg strelitz 4 the state crown was entirely remade for the coronation of mary ii which included the addition of the black prince s ruby for the occasion 10 while her husband william iii wore the state crown of charles ii 11 it was subsequently worn by anne by george i in preference to charles ii s state crown perhaps because mary of modena s state crown was easier to wear over a full bottomed wig and then by caroline 11 although queen charlotte wore the coronation crown at her crowning she used her own nuptial crown given to her as a wedding gift by george iii as her state crown 11 a in 1831 the state crown was judged to be too theatrical and in a poor state of repair and so a new crown was made for queen adelaide 12 however it is possible that adelaide was crowned using one of mary of modena s crowns at her coronation 4 the state crown and diadem are now on display at the jewel house at the tower of london the empty coronation crown was acquired from a private dealer by the museum of london in 1956 it had been sent to the crown jewellers rundell bridge for maintenance work in the 19th century but was never returned to the royal family 4 gallery edit mary of modena with the crown 1687 mary of modena 17th century queen mary in the mary of modena s state crown with william iii in the state crown of charles ii queen mary in the mary of modena s state crown queen caroline 17th century queen caroline 17th century circa 1730 queen caroline 17th century circa 1730 queen charlotte with the crown 1773 mary s diadem see also edit crown of queen elizabeth the queen mother crown of queen camilla known as the crown of queen mary until 2025 crown of queen alexandra notes edit now part of the hanovarian regalia 11 references edit dixon smith et al p 38 keay p 43 1 2 mears et al p 25 1 2 3 4 5 6 rose pp 36 37 olivia fryman in bird and clayton ceremony and coronation p 100 olivia fryman in bird and clayton ceremony and coronation p 63 twining p 158 sandford francis 1687 the history of the coronation of the most high most mighty and most excellent monarch james ii by the grace of god king of england scotland france and ireland defender of the faith c and of his royal consort queen mary solemnized in the collegiate church of st peter in the city of westminster on thursday the 23 of april being the festival of st george in the year of our lord 1685 with an exact account of the several preparations in order thereunto their majesties most splendid processions and their royal and magnificent feast in westminster hall the whole work illustrated with sculptures retrieved 7 august 2025 twining p 169 jones edward alfred 1908 the old royal plate in the tower of london oxford fox jones co pp 63 67 retrieved 24 january 2025 1 2 3 4 twining edward francis 1967 european regalia london b t batsford ltd p 62 isbn 9780713407075 retrieved 30 september 2025 keay p 137 bibliography edit bird rufus clayton martin eds 2017 charles ii art and power royal collection trust isbn 978 1 909741 44 7 dixon smith sally edwards sebastian kilby sarah murphy clare souden david spooner jane worsley lucy 2010 the crown jewels souvenir guidebook historic royal palaces isbn 978 1 873993 13 2 keay anna 2011 the crown jewels thames hudson isbn 978 0 500 51575 4 mears kenneth j thurley simon murphy claire 1994 the crown jewels historic royal palaces asin b000hhy1zq rose tessa 1992 the coronation ceremony and the crown jewels hm stationery office isbn 978 0 117 01361 2 twining edward francis 1960 a history of the crown jewels of europe b t batsford asin b00283lza6 external links edit mary of modena s crown of state royal collection trust inventory no 31707 mary of modena s diadem royal collection trust inventory no 31708 v t e crown jewels of the united kingdom crowns principal crowns st edward s crown imperial state crown consort crowns mary of modena s crowns queen adelaide s crown queen alexandra s crown queen elizabeth the queen mother s crown queen camilla s crown formerly queen mary s crown coronets coronet of frederick prince of wales coronet of george prince of wales coronet of charles prince of wales others tudor crown james i s crown charles ii s state crown george i s state crown george iv s coronation crown queen victoria s small diamond crown imperial crown of india coronations robes and ornaments robes spurs armills orbs rings sceptres precious stones cullinan i cullinan ii koh i noor black prince s ruby st edward s sapphire stuart sapphire anointing objects ampulla coronation spoon processional objects swords curtana st edward s staff trumpets maces plate and fonts altar plate banqueting plate christening fonts lily font other people crown jeweller national regalia honours of scotland honours of the principality of wales irish crown jewels single pieces diamond diadem great h of scotland mirror of great britain the three brothers jewellery collections of individual royals james iii s jewels james v s jewels mary queen of scots s jewels james vi and i s jewels anne of denmark s jewels elizabeth ii s jewels margaret tudor s jewels arbella stuart s jewels diana princess of wales s jewels lost destroyed v t e crowns albania helmet of skanderbeg vienna austria archducal hat of austria klosterneuburg imperial crown of austria vienna diamond crown of empress elisabeth de missing archducal hat of tyrol mariastein ducal hat of styria graz archducal hat of joseph ii vienna bhutan raven crown thimphu bohemia crown of saint wenceslas prague crown of the środa treasure środa śląska brazil crown of pedro i petrópolis imperial crown of brazil petrópolis coronet of the imperial prince of brazil coronet of laurels of princess isabel british isles crown of princess blanche munich crown of margaret of york aachen crown of scotland edinburgh st edward s crown london state crown of mary of modena london tudor crown destroyed crown of james i destroyed state crown of charles ii broken up state crown of george i london coronet of frederick prince of wales london coronation crown of george iv london diamond diadem crown of queen adelaide london imperial state crown london small diamond crown of queen victoria london crown of queen alexandra london coronet of george prince of wales london crown of queen mary and queen camilla london imperial crown of india london crown of queen elizabeth the queen mother london coronet of charles prince of wales london bulgaria diamond crown of bulgaria missing china futou yishanguan tongtianguan mianguan colombia crown of the andes new york city crown of simón bolívar bogotá crown of josé maría córdova rionegro croatia crown of zvonimir missing denmark crown of christian iv copenhagen crown of christian v copenhagen crown of the queen copenhagen egypt crowns of egypt missing france crown of charlemagne destroyed crown of saint louis destroyed crown of henry iv destroyed crown of louis xv paris crown of napoleon i paris crown of napoleon iii destroyed crown of empress eugénie paris germany german state crown heraldic baden grand ducal crown of baden karlsruhe bavaria royal crown of bavaria munich crown of the queen of bavaria de munich crown of queen therese of bavaria munich brandenburg electoral hat of brandenburg berlin brunswick lüneburg ducal crown of brunswick lüneburg hanover royal crown of hanover mecklenburg wendish crown heraldic prussia crown of frederick i berlin crown of sophia charlotte of hanover berlin crown of wilhelm i missing crown of queen augusta missing crown of wilhelm ii hohenzollern castle saxony electoral hat of saxony dresden crown of augustus ii the strong dresden funeral crown of augustus ii the strong dresden württemberg royal crown of württemberg stuttgart greece crown of greece athens haiti crown of faustin i port au prince hawaii crown of king kalākaua honolulu crown of queen kapiʻolani honolulu holy roman empire imperial crown of the holy roman empire vienna iron crown monza crown of rudolf ii vienna imperial crowns of charles vii munich essen crown essen reliquary crown of john the baptist aachen reliquary crown of charlemagne aachen crown of empress cunigunde de munich lily crown of empress cunigunde munich reliquary crown of henry ii munich salian funeral crowns of spires speyer reliquary crown of otto ii halle saale holy see papal tiaras papier mâché tiara vatican city napoleon tiara vatican city tiara of pope pius ix 1846 vatican city spanish tiara vatican city tiara of pope pius ix notre dame indiana palatine tiara vatican city tiara of pope john xxiii bergamo tiara of pope paul vi washington d c hungary holy crown of hungary budapest monomachus crown budapest crown of stephen bocskai vienna iran sasanian crowns empress s crown tehran kiani crown tehran pahlavi crown tehran italy iron crown monza royal crown of savoy it turin crown of theodelinda it monza crown of constance of aragon it palermo grand ducal crown of tuscany missing corno ducale venice japan imperial crowns of emperor shōmu and empress kōmyō surviving portions benkan emperor kōmei variant kanmuri raikan imperial crown of empress go sakuramachi korea crown of baekje gongju crown of gaya yongin crowns of silla gold crown of geumgwanchong gyeongju gold crown from cheonmachong gyeongju gold crown of hwangnamdaechong seoul gold crown of geumnyeongchong tumulus seoul gold crown of seobongchong tumulus gyeongju silver crown gyeongju liechtenstein ducal hat of liechtenstein missing replica vaduz lithuania gediminas s cap missing madagascar crown of madagascar antananarivo crown of ranavalona iii antananarivo mexico imperial crown of mexico first mexican empire destroyed imperial crown of mexico second mexican empire destroyed funerary crown of maximilian i vienna nepal shripech kathmandu netherlands crown of the netherlands amsterdam norway norwegian crown prince s coronet trondheim crown of norway trondheim crown of the queen of norway trondheim poland crown of bolesław i the brave kraków replica swedish crown destroyed muscovy crown destroyed hungarian crown destroyed homagial crown destroyed funeral crown missing queen s crown destroyed crown of augustus ii dresden funeral crown of augustus ii dresden crown of augustus iii warsaw crown of maria josepha warsaw płock diadem płock portugal crown of joão vi lisbon diadem of the stars lisbon romania crown of elisabeta bucharest crown of maria bucharest steel crown of romania bucharest russia cap of monomakh crown of kazan tzardom crown of tsar michael fyodorovich cap of monomakh of the second set diamond crown of tsar peter i diamond crown of tsar ivan v altabas crown of the third set crown of empress catherine i crown of empress anna ivanovna great imperial crown maltese crown small imperial crown serbia karađorđević crown belgrade nemanjić crowns crown of stefan uroš iii cetinje crown of stephen bocskai vienna spain royal crown of spain heraldic royal crown of spain tumular crown madrid crown of sancho iv toledo crown of isabella i of castile granada crown of the crowned virgin of the kings seville crown of the virgin of the tabernacle of toledo toledo sri lanka crown of rajasinghe ii kandy crown of sri vikrama rajasinha kandy sweden crown of eric xiv stockholm crown of the queen stoc...